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Author |
Vetvik, H.; Grewal, H.M.S.; Haugen, I.L.; Åhrén, C.; Haneberg, B. |
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Title |
Mucosal antibodies can be measured in air-dried samples of saliva and feces |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Immunological Methods |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
215 |
Issue |
1–2 |
Pages |
163-172 |
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Keywords |
Saliva; Feces; IgA; IgG; Air-drying |
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Abstract |
IgA antibodies reflecting airways or intestinal mucosal immune responses can be found in saliva and feces, respectively, and IgG antibodies reflecting serum antibodies can be found in saliva. In this study, antibodies were detected in samples of saliva and feces which had been air-dried at room temperature (+20°C) or +37°C, and stored at these temperatures for up to 6 months. In saliva the antibody levels increased, while the antibodies in feces decreased upon storage. The individual IgA antibody concentrations which were adjusted by using the ratios of specific IgA/total IgA were relatively stable in both saliva and feces, and correlated with corresponding antibody levels in samples which had been stored at -20°C. The results indicate that air-dried saliva and feces can be used for semiquantitative measurements of mucosal antibodies, even after prolonged storage at high temperatures and lack of refrigeration. |
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0022-1759 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5996 |
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Author |
Siegel, H.S. |
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Title |
Effects of behavioural and physical stressors on immune responses. |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Biology of Stress in Farm Animals |
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Martinus Nijhoff |
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London |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5994 |
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Author |
Eisenberg,N.; Beilin,H. |
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Title |
The Development of Prosocial Behavior |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
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Academic Press |
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english |
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978-0-12-234980-5 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5976 |
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Author |
Donner, H.D. |
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Title |
Grundausbildung für Reiter und Pferd |
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Book Whole |
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1986 |
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Keywords |
Ausbildung; Dressurreiten; Geländereiten; Grundausbildung; Pferd; Pferdesport; Reiten; Reitsport; Sportausrüstung; Springreiten |
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Abstract |
Verf. gibt einen Ueberblick ueber: 1) Grundausbildung des Reiters: a) Vorbedingungen fuer eine erfolgreiche Ausbildung, b) Sitz und Sitzschulung, c) Einwirkung des Reiters, d) Reiten von Grunduebungen und Dressurlektionen, e) Springausbildung, f) Gelaendereiten sowie 2) Grundausbildung des Pferdes: a) Grundkenntnisse fuer den Ausbilder ueber Charakter und Wesen des Pferdes, Grundsaetze und Erziehung, anatomisch-physiologische Voraussetzungen, b) Allgemeine Grundausbildung, c) Grundausbildung im Springen und im Gelaende, d) Arbeit mit Pferden mit Gebaeude- und Temperamentsfehlern. Schiffer |
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FN-Verl. d. Dt. Reiterlichen Vereinigung |
Place of Publication |
Warendorf |
Editor |
Donner, H.D.; Specht, D. |
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deu |
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Edition |
25. Aufl. |
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ISBN |
9783885421740 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Pu198801031394 |
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5972 |
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Author |
Svobodová, I.; Chaloupková, H.; Kon?el, R.; Barto?, L.?k; Hradecká, L.; Jebavý, L.? |
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Title |
Cortisol and Secretory Immunoglobulin A Response to Stress in German Shepherd Dogs |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
e90820 |
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<p>The aim of the study was to determine whether cortisol and secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) could be used as an indicator of acute stress in both young and adult dogs. Seventeen German shepherd puppies were exposed to the Puppy test (challenge test) at the age of seven weeks. This test has been routinely used to assess the future working ability of potential police dogs. In addition, ten adult females were subjected to 4 minutes of defense training under stressful conditions. Saliva was collected from the puppies and adult females before testing and 20 minutes after the start of testing, using a cotton swab held for 1?2 minutes in each dog's mouth. Cortisol concentrations increased after the test compared to the control sample both in puppies and the adult females. However adult females showed a significant decrease in sIgA after defense training while puppies showed a tendency of increase in sIgA. We propose that salivary cortisol could be used as an indicator of stress in puppies during early ontogeny. It is not yet clear whether sIgA could be used as a useful indicator of short-term stress in dogs.</p> |
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Public Library of Science |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5963 |
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Author |
Krueger, K.; Hollenhorst, H.; Schuetz, A.; Weil, S. |
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Title |
Social learning and innovative learning in horses. |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the 3. International Equine Science Meeting |
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3 |
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Xenophon Publishing |
Place of Publication |
Wald |
Editor |
K. Krueger |
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978-3-95625-000-2 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5956 |
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Author |
Young, H.P. |
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Title |
The dynamics of social innovation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |
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Volume |
108 |
Issue |
Supplement 4 |
Pages |
21285-21291 |
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Notes |
10.1073/pnas.1100973108 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5940 |
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Author |
Hopper, L.M.; Price, S.A.; Freeman, H.D.; Lambeth, S.P.; Schapiro, S.J.; Kendal, R.L. |
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Title |
Influence of personality, age, sex, and estrous state on chimpanzee problem-solving success |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
835-847 |
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Abstract |
Despite the importance of individual problem solvers for group- and individual-level fitness, the correlates of individual problem-solving success are still an open topic of investigation. In addition to demographic factors, such as age or sex, certain personality dimensions have also been revealed as reliable correlates of problem-solving by animals. Such correlates, however, have been little-studied in chimpanzees. To empirically test the influence of age, sex, estrous state, and different personality factors on chimpanzee problem-solving, we individually tested 36 captive chimpanzees with two novel foraging puzzles. We included both female (N = 24) and male (N = 12) adult chimpanzees (aged 14–47 years) in our sample. We also controlled for the females’ estrous state—a potential influence on cognitive reasoning—by testing cycling females both when their sexual swelling was maximally tumescent (associated with the luteinizing hormone surge of a female’s estrous cycle) and again when it was detumescent. Although we found no correlation between the chimpanzees’ success with either puzzle and their age or sex, the chimpanzees’ personality ratings did correlate with responses to the novel foraging puzzles. Specifically, male chimpanzees that were rated highly on the factors Methodical, Openness (to experience), and Dominance spent longer interacting with the puzzles. There was also a positive relationship between the latency of females to begin interacting with the two tasks and their rating on the factor Reactivity/Undependability. No other significant correlations were found, but we report tentative evidence for increased problem-solving success by the females when they had detumescent estrous swellings. |
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1435-9456 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Hopper2013 |
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5932 |
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Author |
Legare, C.H.; Nielsen, M. |
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Title |
Imitation and Innovation: The Dual Engines of Cultural Learning |
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Journal Article |
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Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
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19 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
688-699 |
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Abstract |
Imitation and innovation work in tandem to support cultural learning in children and facilitate our capacity for cumulative culture. Here we propose an integrated theoretical account of how the unique demands of acquiring instrumental skills and cultural conventions provide insight into when children imitate, when they innovate, and to what degree. For instrumental learning, with an increase in experience, high fidelity imitation decreases and innovation increases. By contrast, for conventional learning, imitative fidelity stays high, regardless of experience, and innovation stays low. We synthesize cutting edge research on the development of imitative flexibility and innovation to provide insight into the social learning mechanisms underpinning the uniquely human mind. |
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Elsevier |
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ISSN |
1364-6613 |
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Notes |
doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.08.005 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5931 |
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Author |
Svobodová, I.; Chaloupková, H.; Koncel, R.; Bartoš, L.; Hradecká, L.; Jebavý, L.š |
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Title |
Cortisol and Secretory Immunoglobulin A Response to Stress in German Shepherd Dogs |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS ONE |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
e90820 EP - |
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Abstract |
<p>The aim of the study was to determine whether cortisol and secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) could be used as an indicator of acute stress in both young and adult dogs. Seventeen German shepherd puppies were exposed to the Puppy test (challenge test) at the age of seven weeks. This test has been routinely used to assess the future working ability of potential police dogs. In addition, ten adult females were subjected to 4 minutes of defense training under stressful conditions. Saliva was collected from the puppies and adult females before testing and 20 minutes after the start of testing, using a cotton swab held for 1–2 minutes in each dog's mouth. Cortisol concentrations increased after the test compared to the control sample both in puppies and the adult females. However adult females showed a significant decrease in sIgA after defense training while puppies showed a tendency of increase in sIgA. We propose that salivary cortisol could be used as an indicator of stress in puppies during early ontogeny. It is not yet clear whether sIgA could be used as a useful indicator of short-term stress in dogs.</p> |
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Public Library of Science |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5919 |
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