|   | 
Details
   web
Records
Author Cameron EZ, Linklater WL.
Title Individual mares bias investment in sons and daughters in relation to their condition Type Journal Article
Year 2000 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 359-367
Keywords
Abstract The Trivers-Willard hypothesis (TWH) predicts that a mother will treat a son or daughter differently depending on her ability to invest and the impact of her investment on offspring reproductive success. Although many studies have investigated the hypothesis, few have definitively supported or refuted it because of confounding factors or an inappropriate level of analysis. We studied maternal investment in sons and daughters in feral horses, Equus caballus, which meet the assumptions of the TWH with a minimum of confounding variables. Population level analyses revealed no differences in maternal behaviour towards sons and daughters. When we incorporated mare condition, we found that sons were more costly to mares in good condition, whereas daughters were more costly to mares in poor condition, although no differences in maternal behaviour were found. However, since the TWH makes predictions about individual mothers, we examined investment by mares who reared both a son and a daughter in different years of the study. Mares in good condition invested more in their sons in terms of maternal care patterns, costs to maternal body condition and costs to future reproduction. Conversely, mares in poor condition invested more in daughters. Therefore, with an appropriate level of analysis in a species in which confounding variables are minimal, the predictions of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis are supported. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
Address Ecology Group, Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:11007645 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 416
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Linklater, W.L.; Cameron, E.Z.; Minot, E.O.; Stafford, K.J.
Title Stallion harassment and the mating system of horses Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 295-306
Keywords
Abstract Feral horse, Equus caballus, breeding groups, called bands, usually include one but sometimes up to five stallions. We found that mares were loyal to single-stallion (SS) or multistallion (MS) bands or were social dispersers (maverick mares, Mv). The spacing and social behaviour of mares and stallions in single- and multistallion bands was measured. Indices of mare well-being were also measured including activity budgets (feeding: MS>SS=Mv; resting: MS<SS=Mv), band and mare travel (MS>SS), maternal effort in maintaining contact with foals (MS=Mv>SS), parasite levels in faeces (MS>Mv>SS), body condition (MS=Mv<SS), fecundity (Mv<MS<SS) and offspring mortality (Mv<MS<SS). We present evidence suggesting that the poorer well-being of maverick mares and multistallion band mares results from greater harassment by stallions. Stallion and mare behaviour and poor reproductive success in multistallion bands were not consistent with explanations for the existence of such bands based on cooperation or alternative mating strategies. We suggest an alternative explanation. Stable relationships between mares and a single stallion may enhance reproductive success by reducing aggression between individuals. Therefore, we propose that there is strong selection pressure for stable, long-term stallion-mare relationships, called consort relationships. We propose the consort hypothesis, that multistallion bands are an artefact of selection for stable relationships that occasionally result in more than one such relationship forming, because mares solicit more than one stallion and stallion dominance changes during band formation. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
Address Ecology Group, Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:10458881 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 417
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cameron, E.Z.; Stafford, K.J.; Linklater, W.L.; Veltman, C.J.
Title Suckling behaviour does not measure milk intake in horses, Equus caballus Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 673-678
Keywords
Abstract Studies of parental investment in mammals have frequently used suckling behaviour to estimate energy transfer from mother to offspring, and consequently to measure maternal input. Such studies assume that the more an offspring sucks, the more milk it will receive. This assumption has been questioned, and a review of the literature found little support for it. To test if suckling behaviour provided an accurate index of milk or energy intake we used a radioactive isotope technique to label the milk of thoroughbred mares and to measure milk transfer to foals. We found no significant linear relationship between usual measures of suckling behaviour and milk or energy intake. No behaviours associated with suckling nor with characteristics of mares and foals improved the relationship; only the number of butts associated with each suck episode even approached significance. If we had used suckling behaviour to test theories on differential maternal investment our conclusions would have been in error. For example, female foals tended to suck for longer than males did but there was no difference in the amount of milk transferred. Consequently, we show that measures of suckling behaviour do not adequately predict milk intake in the domestic horse and we suggest that conclusions about differential maternal investment in mammals based on suckling behaviour are likely to be in error. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
Address Ecology Group, Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:10196058 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 418
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cameron, E.Z.
Title Is suckling behaviour a useful predictor of milk intake? A review Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 56 Issue 3 Pages 521-532
Keywords
Abstract In studies on mammalian parental investment, time spent suckling is often used as a predictor of the milk transferred from mother to infant. It is assumed that the rate of milk transfer is positively correlated with the time spent suckling. However, this assumption has not been tested and empirical studies show conflicting results. Nevertheless, in species in which suckling can readily be observed, time spent suckling is still used to measure milk transfer, although an increasing number of workers recognize that the measure is potentially inaccurate. A meta-analysis on studies that have correlated measures of time spent suckling with milk intake estimates based on weight gain revealed a weak positive relationship and significant heterogeneity between studies. Isotope-labelling techniques for the measurement of milk transfer independent of behaviour have been in use since the 1970s, particularly in studies of species in which suckling is difficult to observe. Only one study has attempted to correlate behavioural measures with independent isotope measures, and it found no relationship between the two measures. I suggest that researchers have avoided such a test as it is unlikely that a strong relationship will be found between milk transfer and suckling behaviour, and I discuss the various factors that confound the relationship and contribute to high heterogeneity between studies. Consequently, the assumption that milk transfer can be measured by time spent suckling has inadequate empirical foundation, and needs to be tested using isotope-labelling methods. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour
Address Department of Ecology, Massey University
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:9784199 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 419
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Huebener, E.
Title Die Bewegungen von Pferderumpf und -rücken aus der Sicht des Reiters Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Tierärztliche Umschau Abbreviated Journal Tierärztl. Umschau
Volume 6 Issue Pages 327-334
Keywords Schritt – Trab – Galopp – Schmerz – Schäden
Abstract Die Bewegungen von Rumpf und Rücken des Pferdes in der Fortbewegung bestimmen Sitz und Schenkelhilfen – Grundlagen pferdgerechten und kultivierten, feinfühligen Reitens. In ihrer Tendenz ließen sich diese Bewegungen jetzt aus den Fußfolgen der Grundgangarten ableiten. Die Erkenntnisse sind per Video verifiziert. Mit ihrer Übersetzung in Diagramme wurde versucht, den gegenwärtigen Wissensstand für nicht-reitende Wissenschaftler und denkende Reiter gleichermaßen verständlich darzustellen. Die Akzeptanz des aufbereiteten Wissens in der Reiterei würde verbessert, wenn man zu gemessenen Werten für die Bewegungen des Pferderückens und des Pferderumpfes käme. Plädoyer eines “Nur-Reiters” für einschlägige, universitäre Forschung.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 420
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Huebener, E.
Title Der Natur abgelauschte Erkenntnisse: Der Weg zum Balancesitz und zum Begreifen des Timers für Signale an das Pferd; Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Tierärztliche Umschau Abbreviated Journal Tierärztl. Umschau
Volume 2 Issue Pages 90-99
Keywords Bewegungen des Pferdes – Fundament des Reiter-Sitzes – Timer für Signale an das Pferd – Reflexe – Kommunikation – Forschungsbedarf
Abstract Zusammenfassung

Mit dem Beitrag “Die Bewegungen von Pferderumpf und -rücken aus der Sicht des Reiters” (TU 59, 327-334, 2004) wurde um universitäre Forschung zur Ermittlung gemessener Werte für diese Begleiter der Fortbewegung geworben.

Die Entdeckung des Ranges der Rumpf-Rücken-Bewegungen für pferdgerechtes und kultiviertes, feinfühliges Reiten ist mit der Entwicklung des Balancesitzes und der Technik des vom Pferd Zeitvorgaben Empfangens und ihm Signale Sendens (Reiter sagen: des Fühlens und Einwirkens) eng verbunden. Ihre Geschichte läßt sich über viereinhalb Jahrhunderte verfolgen. Ein kurzer Abriß wird hier nachgeliefert.

Er mündet erneut in ein Plädoyer für interdisziplinäres universitäres Forschen, weil auch bei Sitz und Hilfengebung, weiteren Grundlagen des Reitens – im Interesse effektiveren Unterrichts an der Basis unseres “Sports” – dringender Klärungsbedarf besteht.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 421
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Huebener, E.
Title Das Sitzrätsel lösen (Arbeitstitel: So kann der Reiter wirklich “sitzen”!); Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Mecklenburger Pferde Journal Abbreviated Journal Mecl. Pf.erde J.
Volume 3 Issue Pages 50-51
Keywords
Abstract Zusammenfassung

Die Bewegungen des Pferderückens und des Pferderumpfes sind aus den Fußfolgen der Grundgangarten ableitbar. Damit gewinnt Sitzschulung ein solides Fundament. Die entscheidenden Merkmale dieser Bewegungen sind hier erläutert.

Einige überwiegend altbekannte Grundlagen der Sitzschulung werden bewertet. Was sich aus neueren Erkenntnissen zu den Bewegungen des Pferderückens und des Pferderumpfes für den Sitz des Reiters ergibt, ist in drei Punkten leichtverständlich erklärt. Prinzipdarstellungen unterstützten dies.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 422
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Huebener, E.
Title Das Niederlegen, Wälzen und Aufspringen des Pferdes Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Tierärztliche Umschau Abbreviated Journal Tierärztl. Umschau
Volume 7 Issue Pages 347-349
Keywords Wohlbefinden, Balancierstab Kopf und Hals
Abstract Zusammenfassung

Anhand einer Fotofolge werden die Bewegungsabläufe beim Niederlegen, beim Wälzen und beim Wieder-Aufspringen des Pferdes und der dafür erforderliche Einsatz des Balancierstabs Pferde-Kopf und -Hals erläutert. Gründe fürs Niederlegen und Wälzen und Nutzanwendungen der Kenntnis damit verbundener Bewegungsabläufe werden gestreift.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 423
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Huebener, E.
Title Wie sich der pferdgerechte “selbsttätige Schenkel” besser vermitteln ließe; Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Tierärztliche Umschau Abbreviated Journal Tierärztl. Umschau
Volume 8 Issue Pages 403-406
Keywords Kultiviertes Reiten – Mensch-Pferd-Harmonie – feinfühlige, unsichtbare Hilfengebung – Schonen des Rückens von Reiter und Pferd
Abstract Von der Basis bis zum Spitzensport werden Pferde gewaltsam zum “Gehorsam” gebracht oder zur Ausführung von Übungen gezwungen. Aktionen gegen die “Rollkur” oder “Hyperflexion” füllen die Medien. Aber die Wurzel des Übels liegt viel tiefer. Die Grundlage kultivierten Reitens in hoher Harmonie zwischen Mensch und Pferd ist eine feinfühlige, nahezu unsichtbare Hilfengebung, für die Bewegungen des Pferderückens und des Pferderumpfes den Zeitgeber liefern. Das Wissen darum in der Reiterwelt zu verankern, ist noch immer nicht gelungen.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 424
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Huebener, E.
Title Einwirkungen des Reiters nach Zeitgeber ? Beispiel: Hilfen für Übergänge von einer Gangart in eine andere; Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Tierärztliche Umschau Abbreviated Journal Tierärztl. Umschau
Volume 10 Issue Pages 515-532
Keywords Tiergerechte Reiter:Pferd-Kommunikation – Signale für das Ändern der Fußfolge – Einwirkungen im allein “passenden” Moment – alleiniger Timer dafür – “Sekundengehorsam”
Abstract Zusammenfassung

Wissenschaftliches Erfassen von Grundlagen der ererbten Reitlehre hilft, deren Werte zu bewahren. Und Reiten Lehrende dürfen nicht nur das “Wie”, sie sollten auch das “Weshalb” vermitteln können.

Die Grundlagen der in Jahrhunderten entstandenen klassischen europäischen Reitlehre beruhen auf der Natur abgelauschten Erkenntnissen. Sie spiegeln sich u. a. in den Hilfen für Übergänge aus einer Gangart in eine andere.

Die Bewegungen von Pferderumpf und -rücken liefern den Zeitgeber für jene pferdgerechte, feinfühlige Hilfengebung, die aufmerksam, fleißig und freudig mitarbeitende Pferde schafft.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial (up) 425
Permanent link to this record