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Author | Palme, R.; Touma, C.; Arias,N.; Dominchin, M.F.; Lepschy, M. | ||||
Title | Steroid extraction: Get the best out of faecal samples | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2012 | Publication | Veterinary Medicine Austria | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Med. Austria |
Volume | 100 | Issue | Pages | 238-246 | |
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Abstract | Faecal steroid hormone metabolites are becoming increasingly popular as parameters for reproductive functions and stress. Theextraction of the steroids from the faecal matrix represents the initial step before quantification can be performed. The steroid metabolites present in the faecal matrix are of varying polarity and composition, so selection of a proper extraction procedure is essential. There have been some studies to address this complex but often neglected point. Radiolabelled steroids (e.g. cortisol or progesterone) have frequently been added to faecal samples to estimate the efficiency of the extraction procedures used. However, native, unmetabolized steroids are normally not present in the faeces and therefore the results are artificial and do not accurately reflect the actual recoveries of the substances of interest. In this respect, recovery experiments based on faecal samples from radiometabolism studies are more informative. In these samples, the metabolite content accurately reflects the mixture of metabolites present in the given species. As a result, it is possible to evaluate different extraction methods for use with faecal samples. We present studies on sheep, horses, pigs, hares and dogs that utilized samples containing naturally metabolized, 14C-labelled steroids. |
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Address | Review, faeces, extrac- tion, non-invasive hormone moni- toring, stress, reproduction. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6046 | ||
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Author | Ringhofer, M.; Yamamoto, S. | ||||
Title | Erratum to: Domestic horses send signals to humans when they are faced with an unsolvable task | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
Volume | 20 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 407-407 |
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Abstract | Some domestic animals are thought to be skilled at social communication with humans due to the process of domestication. Horses, being in close relationship with humans, similar to dogs, might be skilled at communication with humans. Previous studies have indicated that they are sensitive to bodily signals and the attentional state of humans; however, there are few studies that investigate communication with humans and responses to the knowledge state of humans. Our first question was whether and how horses send signals to their potentially helpful but ignorant caretakers in a problem-solving situation where a food item was hidden in a bucket that was accessible only to the caretakers. We then examined whether horses alter their behaviours on the basis of the caretakers’ knowledge of where the food was hidden. We found that horses communicated to their caretakers using visual and tactile signals. The signalling behaviour of the horses significantly increased in conditions where the caretakers had not seen the hiding of the food. These results suggest that horses alter their communicative behaviour towards humans in accordance with humans’ knowledge state. | ||||
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ISSN | 1435-9456 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Ringhofer2017 | Serial | 6135 | ||
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Author | Griffin, A.S.; Tebbich, S.; Bugnyar, T. | ||||
Title | Animal cognition in a human-dominated world | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2017 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
Volume | 20 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 1-6 |
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Abstract | In the USA, each year, up to one billion birds are estimated to die from colliding with windowpanes (Sabo et al. 2016). A further 573,000 are struck down by wind turbines, along with 888,000 bats (Smallwood 2013). Worldwide, unintended capture in fishing devices is recognized as the single most serious global threat to migratory, long-lived marine taxa including turtles, birds, mammals and sharks (Wallace et al. 2013). Estimates put the number of amphibians killed per year on Australian roads at 5 million (Seiler 2003). The likelihood of a green turtle erroneously ingesting plastic debris, often by mistaking them for food, rose from 30% in 1985 to almost 50% in 2012 (Schuyler et al. 2013). Human-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC, sensu Sih et al. 2011) is filling animals’ environments with new threats which bear little or excessive similarity to those they have encountered in their evolutionary history (Dwernychuk and Boag 1972; Patten and Kelley 2010; Witherington 1997). As a consequence, many of the stimuli involved fall outside the adaptive processing space of animals’ evolutionary perceptual, learning, memory and decision-making systems, making individuals particularly vulnerable to their impact. | ||||
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ISSN | 1435-9456 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Griffin2017 | Serial | 6129 | ||
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Author | Schwenk, B.K.; Fürst, A.E.; Bischhofberger, A.S. | ||||
Title | Traffic accident-related injuries in horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2016 | Publication | Pferdeheilkunde – Equine Medicine | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Med. |
Volume | 32 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 192-199 |
Keywords | traffic / horse / injury / body site / accident / trauma | ||||
Abstract | Horses involved in road traffic accidents (RTAs) are commonly presented to veterinarians with varying types of injuries. The aim of this study was describe the pattern and severity of traffic accident-related injuries in horses in a single hospital population. Medical records of horses either hit by a motorized vehicle or involved in RTAs whilst being transported from 1993 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed and the following data was extracted: Signalement, hospitalisation time, month in which the accident happened, cause of the accident, place of the accident and type of vehicle hitting the horse. Further the different body sites injured (head, neck, breast, fore limb, abdomen, back and spine, pelvis and ileosacral region, hind limb, tail and genital region), the type of injury (wounds, musculoskeletal lesions and internal lesions) and the presence of neurological signs were retrieved from the medical records. 34 horses hit by motorized vehicles and 13 horses involved in RTAs whilst being transported were included in the study. Most of the accidents where horses were hit by motorized vehicles occurred during December (14.7%) and October (14.7%), horses were most commonly hit by cars (85.3%) and the majority of accidents occurred on main roads (26.5%). In 29.4% of the cases, horses had escaped from their paddock and then collided with a motorized vehicle. Most of the accidents with horses involved in RTAs whilst being transported occurred during April (30.8%) and June (23.1%). In 76.9% of the cases the accident happened on a freeway. In the horses hit by motorized vehicles the proximal hind limbs were the body site most commonly affected (44.1%), followed by the proximal front limbs (38.2%) and the head (32.4%). When horses were involved in RTAs whilst being transported the proximal fore limbs (61.5%), the proximal hind limbs (53.8%) and the distal hind limbs, back and head (38.5% each) were the most common injured body sites. Wounds were the most common type of injury in both groups (85.3% hit by motorized vehicle, 76.9% transported ones). In horses hit by a motorized vehicle 35.3% suffered from fractures, in 20.6% a synovial structure was involved and in 5.9% a tendon lesion was present. 14.7% suffered from internal lesions and 14.7% showed neurologic symptoms (40% peripheral, 60% central neurologic deficits). On the other hand, in horses involved in a RTA whilst being transported 30.8% suffered from fractures. There were no synovial structures injured and no tendon injuries were present. Furthermore there were no internal lesions present and only one horse involved in a RTA showed central neurologic symptoms. Injuries of horses being hit by a motorized vehicle were more severe than when horses were protected by a trailer and involved in a RTA whilst being transported. The study has been able to identify the different injury types of traffic accident-related injuries in horses. Awareness of the nature of these injuries is important, to avoid underestimation of their severity. |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6207 | ||
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Author | Pérez-Barbería, F.J.; Shultz, S.; Dunbar, R.I. | ||||
Title | Evidence for coevolution of sociality and relative brain size in three orders of mammals | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2007 | Publication | Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 61 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Pérez-Barbería2007 | Serial | 6221 | ||
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Author | Van Schaik, C.P.; Burkart, J.M. | ||||
Title | Social learning and evolution: the cultural intelligence hypothesis | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2011 | Publication | Philos Trans R Soc B | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 366 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Van Schaik2011 | Serial | 6227 | ||
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Author | Heyes, C. | ||||
Title | What's social about social learning? | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2012 | Publication | J Comp Psychol | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 120 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Heyes2012 | Serial | 6228 | ||
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Author | Van Horik, J.; Emery, N. | ||||
Title | Evolution of cognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2011 | Publication | Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Van Horik2011 | Serial | 6230 | ||
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Author | Shettleworth, S.J. | ||||
Title | The evolution of comparative cognition: is the snark still a Boojum? | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2009 | Publication | Behav Processes | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 80 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Shettleworth2009 | Serial | 6231 | ||
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Author | Kruska, D. | ||||
Title | The effect of domestication on brain size and composition in the mink (Mustela vison) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1996 | Publication | J Zool | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 239 | Issue | Pages | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Kruska1996 | Serial | 6234 | ||
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