Records |
Author |
Passilongo, D.; Mattioli, L.; Bassi, E.; Szabó, L.; Apollonio, M. |
Title |
Visualizing sound: counting wolves by using a spectral view of the chorus howling |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Zool. |
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
22 |
Keywords |
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Abstract |
Monitoring large carnivores is a central issue in conservation biology. The wolf (Canis lupus) is the most studied large carnivore in the world. After a massive decline and several local extinctions, mostly due to direct persecutions, wolves are now recolonizing many areas of their historical natural range. One of the main monitoring techniques is the howling survey, which is based on the wolves' tendency to use vocalisations to mark territory ownership in response to howls of unknown individuals. In most cases wolf howling sessions are useful for the localisation of the pack, but they provide only an aural estimation of the chorus size. |
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1742-9994 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Passilongo2015 |
Serial |
6498 |
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Author |
de Villiers, M.S.; Richardson, P.R.K.; van Jaarsveld, A.S. |
Title |
Patterns of coalition formation and spatial association in a social carnivore, the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Zool |
Volume |
260 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
377-389 |
Keywords |
coalitions; social systems; Carnivora; Lycaon pictus |
Abstract |
In many social species, relationships within groups seem to be non-random but related to variables such as rank, kinship or sexual attractiveness. The endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus is a social carnivore that lives in large, stable packs, and intra-pack associations might be expected to display similar patterns. We investigated patterns of coalition formation (support during dominance interactions, and partnership interactions) and resting associations between members of a captive pack of 19 wild dogs. The social organization of the captive pack was similar to that of free-ranging packs in many respects. Polyadic (group) incidents of coalition support were also observed in a free-ranging pack. Patterns of coalition formation in the captive pack were related to rank. Most aggressive interactions involved high-ranking individuals (particularly the alpha, beta and third-ranking males) and coalitionary support tended to reinforce the existing hierarchy. However, there was at least one example of support influencing a successful rank challenge. Support was affected by potential risks and benefits, the latter including dominance through association and revolutionary alliances. An even stronger pattern overlaid associations between pack members: coalitions and resting associations were strongest between members of the same age–sex cohort, and may have enabled the eventual dominance of younger pack members over adults. Among adults, coalitionary associations were sometimes overridden by intersexual relationships. The results from this captive pack suggest that wild dogs are sensitive to differences in competitive ability. This information, in conjunction with strong affiliative bonds between littermates, is used to manoeuvre for position in the social hierarchy. It may also be important during dispersal, in encounters with other dispersing groups of the same sex. Although most features of the social structure of the captive pack were comparable to those of free-ranging packs, aspects such as the influence of relatedness on coalition formation still need to be explored. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5249 |
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Author |
Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Harvey, P.H. |
Title |
Primates, brains and ecology |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Zool. Lond. |
Volume |
190 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
309-323 |
Keywords |
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Abstract |
The paper examines systematic relationships among primates between brain size (relative to body size) and differences in ecology and social system. Marked differences in relative brain size exist between families. These are correlated with inter-family differences in body size and home range size. Variation in comparative brain size within families is related to diet (folivores have comparatively smaller brains than frugivores), home range size and possibly also to breeding system. The adaptive significance of these relationships is discussed. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5451 |
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Author |
Mace, G.M.; Harvey, P.H.; Clutton-Brock, T.H. |
Title |
Brain size and ecology in small mammals |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Zool |
Volume |
193 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
333-354 |
Keywords |
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Abstract |
Relative brain size (measured as gross brain size after body size effects are removed) differs systematically between families of rodents, insectivores and lagomorphs. The Sciuridae have the largest relative brain size, the Soricidae and Bathyergidae the smallest. These results are discussed and compared with previous analyses of relative brain sizes among primates and bats. These differences complicate comparisons between relative brain size across phylogenetically diverse species and attempts to relate differences in relative brain size to ecological variables. To overcome these problems, best fit relationships were estimated for each family, and values for each genus were expressed as deviations from the lines of best fit. We refer to these values as Comparative Brain Size (CBS). Differences in CBS are related to differences in habitat type (forest-dwelling genera have larger CBS' than grassland forms), in diet (folivores have smaller CBS' than generalists or insectivores, frugivores and granivores), in zonation (arboreal genera have larger CBS' than terrestrial ones) and in activity timing (nocturnal genera have larger CBS' than dirurnal ones). However, these ecological categories are interrelated and, when the effects of other ecological differences are taken into account using analyses of variance, only the differences associated with diet, and possibly habitat remain. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5455 |
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Author |
GONÇALVES DA SILVA, A.; CAMPOS-ARCEIZ, A.; ZAVADA, M.S. |
Title |
On tapir ecology, evolution and conservation: what we know and future perspectives–part II |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Integrative Zoology |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-3 |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1749-4877 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6141 |
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Author |
Klingel, H. |
Title |
Das Verhalten der Pferde (Equidae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
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Publication |
Handbook of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Handb. o. Zool. |
Volume |
8 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1-68 |
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Publisher |
Walter De Gruyter |
Place of Publication |
Berlin/Newyork |
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Language |
German English |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
473 |
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