| Records |
| Author |
Mirabet, V.; Fréon, P.; Lett, C. |
| Title |
Factors affecting information transfer from knowledgeable to naive individuals in groups |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume |
63 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
159-171-171 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
| Abstract |
There is evidence that individuals in animal groups benefit from the presence of knowledgeable group members in different ways. Experiments and computer simulations have shown that a few individuals within a group can lead others, for a precise task and at a specific moment. As a group travels, different individuals possessing a particular knowledge may act as temporary leaders, so that the group will, as a whole, follow their behaviour. In this paper, we use a model to study different factors influencing group response to temporary leadership. The model is based on four individual behaviours. Three of those, attraction, repulsion, and alignment, are shared by all individuals. The last one, attraction toward the source of a stimulus, concerns only a fraction of the group members. We explore the influence of group size, proportion of stimulated individuals, number of influential neighbours, and intensity of the attraction to the source of the stimulus, on the proportion of the group reaching this source. Special attention is given to the simulation of large group size, close to those observed in nature. Groups of 100, 400 and 900 individuals are currently simulated, and up to 8,000 in one experiment. We show that more stimulated individuals and a larger group size both induce the arrival of a larger fraction of the group. The number of influential neighbours and the intensity of the stimulus have a non-linear influence on the proportion of the group arrival, displaying first a positive relationship and then, above a given threshold, a negative one. We conclude that an intermediate level of group cohesion provides optimal transfer information from knowledgeable to naive individuals. |
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Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
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0340-5443 |
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| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5295 |
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| Author |
Noë, R.; Hammerstein, P. |
| Title |
Biological markets: supply and demand determine the effect of partner choice in cooperation, mutualism and mating |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-11 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
| Abstract |
The formation of collaborating pairs by individuals belonging to two different classes occurs in the contexts of reproduction and intea-specific cooperation as well as of inter-specific mutualism. There is potential for partner choice and for competition for access to preferred partners in all three contexts. These selective forces have long been recognised as important in sexual selection, but their impact is not yet appreciated in cooperative and mutualistic systems. The formation of partnerships between members of different classes has much in common with the conclusion of trade agreements in human markets with two classes of traders, like producers and consumers, or employers and employees. Similar game-theoretical models can be used to predict the behaviour of rational traders in human markets and the evolutionarily stable strategies used in biological markets. We present a formal model in which the influence of the market mechanism on selection is made explicit. We restrict ourselves to biological markets in which: (1) Individuals do not compete over access to partners in an agonistic manner, but rather by outcompeting each other in those aspects that are preferred by the choosing party. (2) The commodity the partner has to offer cannot be obtained by the use of force, but requires the consent of the partner. These two restrictions ensure a dominant role for partner choice in the formation of partnerships. In a biological market model the decision to cooperate is based on the comparison between the offers of several potential partners, rather than on the behaviour of a single potential partner, as is implicitly assumed in currently accepted models of cooperation. In our example the members of one class A offer a commodity of fixed value in exchange for a commodity of variable value supplied by the other class, B. We show that when the B-class outnumbers the A-class sufficiently and the cost for the A-class to sample the offers of the B-class are low, the choosiness of the A-class will lead to selection for the supply of high value commodities by the B-class (Fig. 3a). Under the same market conditions, but with a high sampling cost this may still be the evolutionariy stable outcome, but another pair of strategies proves to be stable too: relaxed choosiness of class A coupled with low value commodities supplied by class B (Fig. 3b). We give a number of examples of mating, cooperative and mutualistic markets that resemble the low sampling cost situation depicted in Fig. 3a. |
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Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
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0340-5443 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5404 |
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| Author |
Verdolin, J. |
| Title |
Gunnison’s prairie dog (Cynomys gunnisoni): testing the resource dispersion hypothesis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Beh. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume |
63 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
789-799 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
| Abstract |
Few studies have experimentally tested the resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH). In this study, I tested whether space use and social organization of Gunnison’s prairie dog responded to changes in the dispersion and abundance of resources. Food manipulations were carried out during the reproductive and nonreproductive seasons across 2 years. Gunnison’s prairie dog adults responded to the experiments by decreasing territory size as food became patchier in space and time. Both males and females modified their home ranges, with no detectable difference between sexes, either prior to or during the experiments. As food became patchier in space and time, the spatial overlap of adults increased, whereas it decreased as food became more evenly dispersed. The average size of a group, defined as those individuals occupying the same territory, did not change significantly as a result of the experiments. Where changes in the composition and size of groups did occur, there was no indication that such changes were sex specific. Results from this study support critical components of the RDH and strongly suggest that patterns of space use and social structure in Gunnison’s prairie dogs are the result of individual responses to resource abundance and distribution. |
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Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
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0340-5443 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5468 |
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| Author |
Krueger, K. |
| Title |
Social Ecology of Horses |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Ecology of Social Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
195-206 |
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| Abstract |
Horses (Equidae ) are believed to clearly demonstrate the links between ecology and social organization. Their social cognitive abilities enable them to succeed in many different environments, including those provided for them by humans, or the ones domestic horses encounter when escaping from their human care takers. Living in groups takes different shapes in equids. Their aggregation and group cohesion can be explained by Hamilton“s selfish herd theory. However, when an individual joins and to which group it joins appears to be an active individual decision depending on predation pressure, intra group harassment and resource availability. The latest research concerning the social knowledge horses display in eavesdropping experiments affirms the need for an extension of simple herd concepts in horses for a cognitive component. Horses obviously realize the social composition of their group and determine their own position in it. The horses exceedingly flexible social behavior demands for explanations about the cognitive mechanisms, which allow them to make individual decisions. ”Ecology conditions like those that favour the evolution of open behavioural programs sometimes also favour the evolution of the beginnings of consciousness, by favouring conscious choice. Or in other words, consciousness originates with the choice that are left open by open behavioural programs." Popper (1977) |
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Springer Verlag |
Place of Publication |
Heidelberg |
Editor |
j. Korb and J. Heinze |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4387 |
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| Author |
Keiper Rr, |
| Title |
Population dynamics of feral ponies. |
Type |
Conference Volume |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
175-184 |
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Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids |
Place of Publication |
Laramie |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
1252 |
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| Author |
Baragli, P.; Paoletti, E.; Vitale, V.; Sighieri, C. |
| Title |
Looking in the correct location for a hidden object: brief note about the memory of donkeys (Equus asinus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Ethology Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology Ecology & Evolution |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
187-192 |
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In recent years, considerable literature has been published on cognition in horses; however, much less is known about the cognitive abilities of domestic donkey (Equus asinus). This study aimed to expand our knowledge of donkey cognition by assessing their short-term memory capacity. We employed a detour problem combined with the classic delayed-response task, which has been extensively used to compare working memory duration in a variety of different species. A two-point choice apparatus was used to investigate location recall and search behaviour for a food target, after a short delay following its disappearance. Four donkeys completed the task with a 10 sec delay, while four others were tested with a 30 sec delay. Overall, each group performed above chance level on the test, showing that subjects had successfully encoded, maintained, and retrieved the existence and location of the target despite the loss of visual contact. |
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Taylor & Francis |
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0394-9370 |
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doi: 10.1080/03949370.2011.554885 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6177 |
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| Author |
Meriggi, A.; Dagradi, V.; Dondina, O.; Perversi, M.; Milanesi, P.; Lombardini, M.; Raviglione, S.; Repossi, A. |
| Title |
Short-term responses of wolf feeding habits to changes of wild and domestic ungulate abundance in Northern Italy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ethology Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology Ecology & Evolution |
| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
389-411 |
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Taylor & Francis |
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0394-9370 |
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doi: 10.1080/03949370.2014.986768 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6688 |
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| Author |
Asa Cs, |
| Title |
Sociosexual behavior in the domestic pony |
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Conference Article |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of Wild and Feral Equids |
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59-70 |
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Univ. of Wyoming. |
Place of Publication |
Laramie |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
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Serial |
900 |
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| Author |
Miller, R. |
| Title |
Band organisation and stability in Red Desert feral horses |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Proceedings of a Conference on the Ecology and Behavior of Feral Equids |
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Issue |
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Pages |
113-123 |
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University of Wyoming. |
Place of Publication |
Laramie |
Editor |
R.H. Denniston |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2361 |
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