| Records |
| Author |
von Peinen, K.; Wiestner, T.; Bogisch, S.; Roepstorff, L.; Van Weeren, P.R.; Weishaupt, M.A. |
| Title |
Relationship between the forces acting on the horse's back and the movements of rider and horse while walking on a treadmill |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
41 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
285-291 |
| Keywords |
horse; ground reaction forces; kinematics; rider; saddle force |
| Abstract |
Reasons for performing study: The exact relationship between the saddle pressure pattern during one stride cycle and the movements of horse and rider at the walk are poorly understood and have never been investigated in detail. Hypothesis: The movements of rider and horse account for the force distribution pattern under the saddle. Method: Vertical ground reaction forces (GRF), kinematics of horse and rider as well as saddle forces (FS) were measured synchronously in 7 high level dressage horses while being ridden on an instrumented treadmill at walk. Discrete values of the total saddle forces (FStot) were determined for each stride and related to kinematics and GRF. The pressure sensitive mat was divided into halves and sixths to assess the force distribution over the horse's back in more detail. Differences were tested using a one sample t test (P<0.05). Results: FStot of all the horses showed 3 peaks (P1-P3) and 3 minima (M1-M3) in each half-cycle, which were systematically related to the footfall sequence of the walk. Looking at the halves of the mat, force curves were 50% phase-shifted. The analysis of the FS of the 6 sections showed a clear association to the rider's and horse's movements. Conclusion: The saddle force distribution during an entire stride cycle has a distinct pattern although the force fluctuations of the FStot are small. The forces in the front thirds were clearly related to the movement of the front limbs, those in the mid part to the lateral flexion of the horse's spine and the loading of the hind part was mainly influenced by the axial rotation and lateral bending of the back. Potential relevance: These data can be used as a reference for comparing different types of saddle fit. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2042-3306 |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5822 |
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| Author |
Veen, P.; Jefferson, R.; de Smidt, J.; van der Straaten, J. |
| Title |
Grasslands in Europe of high nature value |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Publisher |
Brill |
Place of Publication |
The Netherlands |
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| Language |
No Linguistic Content |
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ISBN |
9789050113168 9050113168 9789004278103 9004278109 |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ 6066883015 |
Serial |
6561 |
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| Author |
Ramseyer, A.; Boissy, A.; Thierry, B.; Dumont, B. |
| Title |
Individual and social determinants of spontaneous group movements in cattle and sheep |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
animal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Animal |
| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
09 |
Pages |
1319-1326 M3 - 10.1017/S1751731109004790 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Group-living animals travel together to collectively exploit the resources of their environment. This study investigates how social relationships and individual temperament traits affect movement orders in domestic cattle and sheep. We analysed spontaneous group movements occurring at pasture after a resting period in a group of 15 18-month-old Charolais heifers and a group of 19 1-year-old Romane ewe-lambs. For each species, animals had similar social experience and no kinship ties. Before that, animals were observed within the group to establish their social status (e.g. dominance and preferential relationships, and sociability), then in individual tests in order to assess their emotional traits. In both species, most individuals could initiate a group movement but some individuals were more successful than others in recruiting the rest of the group. Ewe-lambs, and to a lesser extent heifers, held preferential positions during travel. We did not find any significant correlations in either species between animal order and their position in the dominance hierarchy (heifers: P = 0.438; ewe-lambs: P = 0.574) while individuals linked by preferential bonds frequently followed each other during group movements (heifers: P < 0.001; ewe-lambs: P < 0.001). With regard to social traits, heifers with a low cohesion index, and with a lower number of partners with whom they develop frequent affinitive interactions, acted more frequently as ‘first movers’ (P = 0.040 and 0.023, respectively), as well as did ewe-lambs with a high spatial independency index (P = 0.002). Ewe-lambs with the highest cohesion indices were more frequently observed in front of the group while moving halfway between departure and arrival (P = 0.028). We did not find significant correlations between individual positions during group movements and emotional traits such as reactivity, boldness and fearfulness. We conclude that preferential bonds and individual traits related to social dependence were more influential in spontaneous group movements at pasture than were emotional traits and dominance status. |
| Address |
group movement; group order; social relationship; temperament; ungulates |
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| Publisher |
Cambridge Journals Online |
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| ISSN |
1751-7311 |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5047 |
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| Author |
Battista E. |
| Title |
Il Pony di Esperia |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Il Pony di Esperia |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Publisher |
ciociariaturismo |
Place of Publication |
Ciociaria |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5438 |
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| Author |
Krueger,K.; Flauger, B. |
| Title |
Social and individual olfaction through horse faeces (Equus caballus) |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Program of the 4. Thementagung der Ethologischen Gesellschaft, Februar 12 -14, 2009. |
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Issue |
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Pages |
23 |
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| Publisher |
Dpz. |
Place of Publication |
Göttingen |
Editor |
Kappeler,P.M. ; Schwibbe, M. |
| Language |
German |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5716 |
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| Author |
Krueger, K.; Flauger, B. |
| Title |
Horses (Equus caballus) show respect and trust in their owners |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Program of the 4. Thementagung der Ethologischen Gesellschaft, Februar 12 -14, 2009. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
32 |
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| Abstract |
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| Address |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Dpz. |
Place of Publication |
Göttingen |
Editor |
Kappeler, P.M.; Schwibbe, M. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Krueger2009 |
Serial |
5717 |
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| Author |
Flauger, B.; Krueger, K.; Gerhards, H.; Moestl, E. |
| Title |
Measurement of glucocorticoid metabolites in horse faeces: the validation of different group specific enzymeimmunoassays and extraction methods. |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Proceeding of the 102. Annual meeting of the Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft (DZG). |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
166 |
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| Publisher |
Dt. Zoologische Ges |
Place of Publication |
München |
Editor |
Cremer,S.;Schrempf,A.;Heinze,J. |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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ISBN |
978-3-00-028368-0 |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5718 |
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| Author |
Warneken, F.; Tomasello, M. |
| Title |
Varieties of altruism in children and chimpanzees |
Type |
Abstract |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Trends in cognitive sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Cogn Sci |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
397-402 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Recent empirical research has shed new light on the perennial question of human altruism. A number of recent studies suggest that from very early in ontogeny young children have a biological predisposition to help others achieve their goals, to share resources with others and to inform others of things helpfully. Humans nearest primate relatives, such as chimpanzees, engage in some but not all of these behaviors: they help others instrumentally, but they are not so inclined to share resources altruistically and they do not inform others of things helpfully. The evolutionary roots of human altruism thus appear to be much more complex than previously supposed. |
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| Publisher |
Elsevier Science, |
Place of Publication |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1364-6613 |
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Approved |
no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ S1364-6613(09)00149-1 DOI - 10.1016/j.tics.2009.06.008 |
Serial |
5608 |
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| Author |
Lepple, N. |
| Title |
Qualitätssicherung in der Fohlenaufzucht |
Type |
Manuscript |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Thesis |
Diploma thesis |
| Publisher |
Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Umwelt Nürtingen-Geislingen |
Place of Publication |
Nürtingen |
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ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5219 |
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| Author |
Ohtsuki, H.; Iwasa, Y.; Nowak, M.A. |
| Title |
Indirect reciprocity provides only a narrow margin of efficiency for costly punishment |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
457 |
Issue |
7225 |
Pages |
79-82 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Indirect reciprocity1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is a key mechanism for the evolution of human cooperation. Our behaviour towards other people depends not only on what they have done to us but also on what they have done to others. Indirect reciprocity works through reputation5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. The standard model of indirect reciprocity offers a binary choice: people can either cooperate or defect. Cooperation implies a cost for the donor and a benefit for the recipient. Defection has no cost and yields no benefit. Currently there is considerable interest in studying the effect of costly (or altruistic) punishment on human behaviour18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. Punishment implies a cost for the punished person. Costly punishment means that the punisher also pays a cost. It has been suggested that costly punishment between individuals can promote cooperation. Here we study the role of costly punishment in an explicit model of indirect reciprocity. We analyse all social norms, which depend on the action of the donor and the reputation of the recipient. We allow errors in assigning reputation and study gossip as a mechanism for establishing coherence. We characterize all strategies that allow the evolutionary stability of cooperation. Some of those strategies use costly punishment; others do not. We find that punishment strategies typically reduce the average payoff of the population. Consequently, there is only a small parameter region where costly punishment leads to an efficient equilibrium. In most cases the population does better by not using costly punishment. The efficient strategy for indirect reciprocity is to withhold help for defectors rather than punishing them. |
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| Publisher |
Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved |
Place of Publication |
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Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
10.1038/nature07601 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4705 |
| Permanent link to this record |
