Giraldeau, L. - A., & Lefebvre, L. (1987). Scrounging prevents cultural transmission of food-finding behaviour in pigeons. Anim. Behav., 35(2), 387–394.
Abstract: Living in groups should promote the cultural transmission of a novel behaviour because opportunities for observing knowledgeable individuals are likely to be more numerous in this condition. However, in this study pigeons who shared the food discoveries of others (scroungers) did not learn the food-finding technique used by the discoverers (producers). Individually-caged pigeons prevented from scrounging easily learned the technique from a conspecific tutor. When caged pigeons obtained food from the tutor's performance, most naïve observers failed to learn. In a flock, scroungers selectively followed producers. In individual cages, scrounging during the tutor's demonstration was equivalent to getting no demonstration at all. This effect of scrounging did not interfere with subsequent acquisition of the food-finding behaviour when scrounging was no longer possible.
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Harrington, F. H. (1987). Aggressive howling in wolves. Anim Behav, 35.
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Hildebrand, M. (1987). The Mechanics of Horse Legs. Amer. Sci., 75(6), 594–601.
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DOBRORUKA LJ et al,. (1987). An analysis of the population of Grevy's zebra. Int Zoo Yb, 26, 290–293.
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Ginsberg, J. R. (1987). Social behavior and mating strategies of an arid adapted equid: the Grevy's zebra. Prnceton.
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Glen-Leary J,. (1987). Stud book for zebras. Farmer's weekly, .
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GODFREY D et al,. (1987). Zebra stripes and tiger stripes: the special frequency distribution of the pattern compared to that of the background is significant in disply and crysis. Biol J Linnean Soc, 32, 427–433.
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Harley Eh,. (1987). The retrieval of the quagga.
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Klingel H,. (1987). Unpaarhufer, Pferde. in Grzimek B (ed): Grzimeks Enzyklopädie Säugetiere, 4, 548–592, Kindler.
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Mcinnis Ml, V. M. (1987). Dietary relationships among feral horses, cattle, and pronhorn in southeastern Oregon. J Range Mgmt, 40, 60–66.
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