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Author Petersen, J.L.; Mickelson, J.R.; Cothran, E.G.; Andersson, L.S.; Axelsson, J.; Bailey, E.; Bannasch, D.; Binns, M.M.; Borges, A.S.; Brama, P.; da Câmara Machado, A.; Distl, O.; Felicetti, M.; Fox-Clipsham, L.; Graves, K.T.; Guérin, G.; Haase, B.; Hasegawa, T.; Hemmann, K.; Hill, E.W.; Leeb, T.; Lindgren, G.; Lohi, H.; Lopes, M.S.; McGivney, B.A.; Mikko, S.; Orr, N.; Penedo, M.C.T.; Piercy, R.J.; Raekallio, M.; Rieder, S.; Røed, K.H.; Silvestrelli, M.; Swinburne, J.; Tozaki, T.; Vaudin, M.; M. Wade, C.; McCue, M.E.
Title Genetic Diversity in the Modern Horse Illustrated from Genome-Wide SNP Data Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication (up) Plos One Abbreviated Journal Plos One
Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages e54997
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Abstract Horses were domesticated from the Eurasian steppes 5,000-6,000 years ago. Since then, the use of horses for transportation, warfare, and agriculture, as well as selection for desired traits and fitness, has resulted in diverse populations distributed across the world, many of which have become or are in the process of becoming formally organized into closed, breeding populations (breeds). This report describes the use of a genome-wide set of autosomal SNPs and 814 horses from 36 breeds to provide the first detailed description of equine breed diversity. FST calculations, parsimony, and distance analysis demonstrated relationships among the breeds that largely reflect geographic origins and known breed histories. Low levels of population divergence were observed between breeds that are relatively early on in the process of breed development, and between those with high levels of within-breed diversity, whether due to large population size, ongoing outcrossing, or large within-breed phenotypic diversity. Populations with low within-breed diversity included those which have experienced population bottlenecks, have been under intense selective pressure, or are closed populations with long breed histories. These results provide new insights into the relationships among and the diversity within breeds of horses. In addition these results will facilitate future genome-wide association studies and investigations into genomic targets of selection.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6214
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Author Pirault, P.; Danvy, S.; Verrier, E.; Leroy, G.
Title Genetic Structure and Gene Flows within Horses: A Genealogical Study at the French Population Scale Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication (up) Plos One Abbreviated Journal Plos One
Volume 8 Issue 4 Pages e61544
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Abstract Since horse breeds constitute populations submitted to variable and multiple outcrossing events, we analyzed the genetic structure and gene flows considering horses raised in France. We used genealogical data, with a reference population of 547,620 horses born in France between 2002 and 2011, grouped according to 55 breed origins. On average, individuals had 6.3 equivalent generations known. Considering different population levels, fixation index decreased from an overall species FIT of 1.37%, to an average of -0.07% when considering the 55 origins, showing that most horse breeds constitute populations without genetic structure. We illustrate the complexity of gene flows existing among horse breeds, a few populations being closed to foreign influence, most, however, being submitted to various levels of introgression. In particular, Thoroughbred and Arab breeds are largely used as introgression sources, since those two populations explain together 26% of founder origins within the overall horse population. When compared with molecular data, breeds with a small level of coancestry also showed low genetic distance; the gene pool of the breeds was probably impacted by their reproducer exchanges.
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Publisher Public Library of Science Place of Publication Editor
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6215
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Author Range, F.; Virányi, Z.
Title Wolves are better imitators of conspecifics than dogs Type Journal Article
Year 2014 Publication (up) PLoS One Abbreviated Journal
Volume 9 Issue Pages
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Abstract Domestication is thought to have influenced the cognitive abilities of dogs underlying their communication with humans, but little is known about its effect on their interactions with conspecifics. Since domestication hypotheses offer limited predictions in regard to wolf-wolf compared to dog-dog interactions, we extend the cooperative breeding hypothesis suggesting that the dependency of wolves on close cooperation with conspecifics, including breeding but also territory defense and hunting, has created selection pressures on motivational and cognitive processes enhancing their propensity to pay close attention to conspecifics’ actions. During domestication, dogs’ dependency on conspecifics has been relaxed, leading to reduced motivational and cognitive abilities to interact with conspecifics. Here we show that 6-month-old wolves outperform same aged dogs in a two-action-imitation task following a conspecific demonstration. While the wolves readily opened the apparatus after a demonstration, the dogs failed to solve the problem. This difference could not be explained by differential motivation, better physical insight of wolves, differential developmental pathways of wolves and dogs or a higher dependency of dogs from humans. Our results are best explained by the hypothesis that higher cooperativeness may come together with a higher propensity to pay close attention to detailed actions of others and offer an alternative perspective to domestication by emphasizing the cooperativeness of wolves as a potential source of dog-human cooperation.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Range2014 Serial 6246
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Author Tennie, C.; Call, J.; Tomasello, M.
Title Untrained chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) fail to imitate novel actions Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication (up) PLoS One Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Tennie2012 Serial 6289
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Author Smaers, J.B.; Dechmann, D.K.N.; Goswami, A.; Soligo, C.; Safi, K.
Title Comparative analyses of evolutionary rates reveal different pathways to encephalization in bats, carnivorans, and primates Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication (up) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Abbreviated Journal
Volume 109 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Smaers2012 Serial 6238
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Author Fagot, J.; Cook, R.G.
Title Evidence for large long-term memory capacities in baboons and pigeons and its implications for learning and the evolution of cognition Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication (up) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Abbreviated Journal
Volume 103 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Fagot2006 Serial 6278
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Author Benson-Amram, S.; Holekamp, K.E.
Title Innovative problem solving by wild spotted hyenas Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication (up) Proc R Soc B Abbreviated Journal Proc R Soc B
Volume 279 Issue Pages 4087-4095
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Benson-Amram2012 Serial 6266
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Author Briefer, E.F.; Padilla de la Torre, M.; McElligott, A.G.
Title Mother goats do not forget their kids' calls Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication (up) Proc R Soc B Abbreviated Journal
Volume 279 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Briefer2012 Serial 6282
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Author Meddock, T.; Osborn, D.
Title Neophobia in wild and laboratory mice Type Journal Article
Year 1968 Publication (up) Psychol Sci Abbreviated Journal
Volume 12 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Meddock1968 Serial 6366
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Author Zentall, T.R.; Sutton, J.E.; Sherburne, L.M.
Title True imitative learning in pigeons Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication (up) Psychol Sci Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Zentall1996 Serial 6372
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