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Author |
Gosling, S.D. |
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Title |
Personality dimensions in spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication  |
Journal of Comparative Psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
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Volume |
112 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
107-118 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Carnivora/*psychology; Female; Humans; Male; *Personality; Personality Assessment/statistics & numerical data; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Species Specificity; Temperament |
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Abstract |
Personality ratings of 34 spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) were made by 4 observers who knew the animals well. Analyses suggest that (a) hyena personality traits were rated with generally high reliability; (b) 5 broad dimensions (Assertiveness, Excitability, Human-Directed Agreeableness, Sociability, and Curiosity) captured about 75% of the total variance; (c) this dimensional structure could not be explained in terms of dominance status, sex, age, or appearance; and (d) as expected, female hyenas were more assertive than male hyenas. Comparisons with previous research provide evidence for the cross-species generality of Excitability, Sociability, and especially Assertiveness. Discussion focuses on methodological issues in research on animal personality and on the potential contributions this research can make for understanding the biological and environmental bases of personality. |
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Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-1650, USA. samiam@uclink.berkeley.edu |
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0735-7036 |
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PMID:9642781 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5019 |
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Author |
Blunden, A.S.; Smith, K.C.; Whitwell, K.E.; Dunn, K.A. |
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Title |
Systemic infection by equid herpesvirus-1 in a Grevy's zebra stallion (Equus grevyi) with particular reference to genital pathology |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Comparative Pathology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Pathol |
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Volume |
119 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
485-493 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Zoo; Epididymis/pathology/virology; Equidae/*virology; Herpesviridae Infections/diagnosis/pathology/*veterinary; Herpesvirus 1, Equid/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity; Lymph Nodes/pathology/virology; Male; Nasal Mucosa/pathology/virology; Pulmonary Edema/pathology; Spleen/virology; Testis/*pathology/virology |
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A severe multi-systemic form of equid herpesvirus-1 infection is described in an adult zebra stallion. There was multifocal necrotizing rhinitis, marked hydrothorax and pulmonary oedema, with viral antigen expression in degenerating epithelial cells, local endothelial cells and intravascular leucocytes of the nasal mucosa and lung. Specific localization of EHV-1 infection was seen in the testes and epididymides, including infection of Leydig cells and germinal epithelium, which would have facilitated venereal shedding of virus in life. The case provided a unique opportunity to study hitherto undescribed aspects of the pathogenesis of naturally occurring EHV-1 infection in the male equine genital tract. Restriction digests of the isolate demonstrated a pattern similar to that of EHV-1 isolates previously recovered from aborted zebra and onager fetuses. |
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Animal Health Trust Centre for Preventive Medicine, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK |
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0021-9975 |
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PMID:9839210 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2239 |
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Author |
Allen, C. |
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Title |
Assessing animal cognition: ethological and philosophical perspectives |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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76 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
42-47 |
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Agriculture; Animal Welfare; Animals; Animals, Domestic/physiology/*psychology; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Cognition/*physiology; *Ethology; *Philosophy; Research |
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Developments in the scientific and philosophical study of animal cognition and mentality are of great importance to animal scientists who face continued public scrutiny of the treatment of animals in research and agriculture. Because beliefs about animal minds, animal cognition, and animal consciousness underlie many people's views about the ethical treatment of nonhuman animals, it has become increasingly difficult for animal scientists to avoid these issues. Animal scientists may learn from ethologists who study animal cognition and mentality from an evolutionary and comparative perspective and who are at the forefront of the development of naturalistic and laboratory techniques of observation and experimentation that are capable of revealing the cognitive and mental properties of nonhuman animals. Despite growing acceptance of the ethological study of animal cognition, there are critics who dispute the scientific validity of the field, especially when the topic is animal consciousness. Here, a proper understanding of developments in the philosophy of mind and the philosophy of science can help to place cognitive studies on a firm methodological and philosophical foundation. Ultimately, this is an interdisciplinary task, involving scientists and philosophers. Animal scientists are well-positioned to contribute to the study of animal cognition because they typically have access to a large pool of potential research subjects whose habitats are more controlled than in most field studies while being more natural than most laboratory psychology experiments. Despite some formidable questions remaining for analysis, the prospects for progress in assessing animal cognition are bright. |
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Department of Philosophy, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4237, USA |
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0021-8812 |
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PMID:9464883 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2750 |
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Author |
Hoover, T.S.; Marshall, T.T. |
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Title |
A comparison of learning styles and demographic characteristics of students enrolled in selected animal science courses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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76 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
3169-3173 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2939 |
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Author |
Honeyman, M.S.; Miller, G.S. |
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Title |
The effect of teaching approaches on achievement and satisfaction of field-dependent and field-independent learners in animal science |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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Volume |
76 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1710-1715 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2941 |
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Author |
Watts, J.M. |
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Title |
Animats: computer-simulated animals in behavioral research |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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76 |
Issue |
10 |
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2596-2604 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2936 |
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Author |
Marshall, T.T.; Hoover, T.S.; Reiling, B.A.; Downs, K.M. |
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Title |
Experiential learning in the animal sciences: effect of 13 years of a beef cattle management practicum |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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76 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2947-2952 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2938 |
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Author |
Davis, S.L.; Cheeke, P.R. |
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Title |
Do domestic animals have minds and the ability to think? A provisional sample of opinions on the question |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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76 |
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8 |
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2072-2079 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2930 |
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Author |
Schiffman, S.S. |
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Title |
Livestock odors: implications for human health and well-being |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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76 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1343-1355 |
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N1 - |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2949 |
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Author |
Zohary, D.; Tchernov, E.; Horwitz, L.K. |
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Title |
The role of unconscious selection in the domestication of sheep and goats |
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Journal Article |
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1998 |
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J Zool |
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245 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Zohary1998 |
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6240 |
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