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Author |
McCall, C.A. |
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Title |
The effect of body condition of horses on discrimination learning abilities |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
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Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
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22 |
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3-4 |
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327-334 |
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Discriminative learning abilities were studied in 12 mature, malnourished horses. All horses initially received a condition score (CS) between 2 and 4 on a scale of 1 (poor) to 9 (extremely fat). Then horses were assigned to one of 3 treatments based on their eventual, rehabilitated CS during discrimination testing: thin, CS 1-3; moderate, CS 4-6; and fat, CS 7-9. The discrimination learning task was performed for 14 days with a maximum of 20 trials per day. Daily criterion was set at eight consecutively correct trails. Total trials to first criteria and total errors during testing were recorded. Analysis of variance showed that treatments did not differ (P>0.05) in total trials to first criterion, however horses on the fat treatment did have higher total error scores (P<0.05) than horses on the thin or moderate treatments. This difference was probably owing to lack of motivation in the fat treatment horses, rather than to true learning ability differences. The sex of the horse did not significantly affect either learning score. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3570 |
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Author |
Kondo, S.; Sekine, J.; Okubo, M.; Asahida, Y. |
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Title |
The effect of group size and space allowance on the agonistic and spacing behavior of cattle |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
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24 |
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2 |
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127-135 |
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The number of agonistic encounters in a group (frequency per h) and the mean distance to the nearest neighbor in a group (m) were analyzed by a multiple regression on the group size (number of animals in a group) and space allowance (m3 per animal) in each group of calves (6–13 months old, Holstein female and castrated male) and adult cattle (2–12 years old, Holstein heifers and cows or Holstein and Hereford grazing beef cattle). A total of 196 calves and 602 adult animals were used in this analysis. In calves, a significant correlation was found between agonistic behavior and space allowance (r=-0.48, P<0.01), but not between agonistic behavior and group sizes. The mean distance to the nearest neighbor in calf groups increased as the group size decreased and space allowance increased (R2=0.66, P<0.01). In adult cattle, the number of agonistic encounters increased linearly as the group size increased (r=+0.37, P<0.05). The relationship between agonistic behavior and 1(space allowance)2 was significant (r=+0.48, P<0.05). The mean distance to the nearest neighbor tended to increase as the group size decreased and the space allowance increased (R2=0.68, P<0.01). When the space allowance increased beyond 360 m2 per animal, the average distance to the nearest neighbor in the adult group was maintained within the range of 10–12 m. |
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0168-1591 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5473 |
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Author |
Galef, B.G. |
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Enduring social enhancement of rats' preferences for the palatable and the piquant |
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1989 |
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Appetite |
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Appetite |
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13 |
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2 |
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81-92 |
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In three experiments on the social induction of food preferences in rats, I found: (a) that eight 30-min exposures of a naive “observer” rat to a “demonstrator” rat fed one of two approximately equipalatable diets produced observer preference for the diet fed to its demonstrator that lasted for more than a month, (b) that simple exposure of naive subjects to a diet itself, rather than to a rat that had eaten a diet, was not sufficient to enhance preference for that diet, and (c) that lasting preference for an unpalatable, piquant diet could also be established by exposing naive rats to demonstrators that had eaten the piquant diet, but not by simply exposure to the piquant diet itself. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis proposed by both Birch and Rozin that social-affective contexts are important in establishing stable, learned preferences for foods. |
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0195-6663 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6567 |
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Gallistel, C.R. |
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Title |
Animal Cognition: The Representation of Space, Time and Number |
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Year |
1989 |
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Annual Review of Psychology |
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40 |
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1 |
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155-189 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2972 |
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Dewsbury, D.A. |
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Comparative Psychology, Ethology, and Animal Behavior |
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1989 |
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Annual Review of Psychology |
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40 |
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1 |
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581-602 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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3541 |
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Author |
Walker, S. |
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An introduction to animal cognition : By . Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum (1988). Pp. viii + 328. Price [pound sign]8.95 paperback |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
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Animal Behaviour. |
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Anim. Behav. |
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37 |
Issue |
Part 3 |
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521-522 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2922 |
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De Waal, Frans B. M.; Luttrell, L.M. |
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Toward a comparative socioecology of the genus Macaca: Different dominance styles in rhesus and stumptail monkeys |
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Journal Article |
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1989 |
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American journal of primatology |
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Am. J. Primatol. |
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19 |
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2 |
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83-109 |
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Captive studies can make a unique contribution to primate socioecology by documenting species-typical social dispositions under controlled conditions. Recent theories seek to connect the dominance relationships, group cohesiveness, and feeding ecology of primates. The present study explores the first two aspects by comparing the social organization of rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and stumptail monkeys (M. arctoides). Data were collected over a period of eight years, with five different methods, on three well-established captive groups in identical environments. The groups were found to share one characteristic: a clear-cut, linear formal dominance hierarchy as expressed in teeth-baring displays. The two main study groups (one of each species) differed significantly, however, with respect to nine of eleven behavioral measures. In addition to a previously reported higher frequency of reconciliation in the stumptail group, this group showed (1) more frequent but less severe aggressive behavior, (2) greater symmetry of contests, (3) greater social tolerance, (4) more nonagonistic approaches, and (5) more allogrooming. The differences can be summarized as a contrast in dominance style, with the stumptails having a more relaxed style and placing greater emphasis on social cohesion than the rhesus monkeys. An egalitarian attitude was also reflected in approach behavior: contacts in the rhesus group were mostly initiated by dominants, whereas contacts in the stumptail group were initiated independent of rank. Comparisons with a second rhesus group, and with published reports, suggest that while some of the observed differences are probably representative of the two species, considerable intraspecific variation does exist, and a more comprehensive program of comparative studies is needed. |
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1098-2345 |
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refbase @ user @ FransB.M.DeWaal1989 |
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870 |
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Gao, X; Gu, J. |
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The distribution and status of the Equidae in China. |
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1989 |
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Acta Theriologica Sinica |
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Acta Theriol. Sin. |
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9 |
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4 |
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269-274 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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yes |
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1101 |
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Rau, R.E, |
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The museum's Quagga project |
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1989 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1500 |
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Author |
McCullough, P.; Nelder, J.A. |
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Title |
Generalized linear models. |
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1989 |
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Book Description
The success of the first edition of Generalized Linear Models led to the updated Second Edition, which continues to provide a definitive unified, treatment of methods for the analysis of diverse types of data. Today, it remains popular for its clarity, richness of content and direct relevance to agricultural, biological, health, engineering, and other applications. The authors focus on examining the way a response variable depends on a combination of explanatory variables, treatment, and classification variables. They give particular emphasis to the important case where the dependence occurs through some unknown, linear combination of the explanatory variables. The Second Edition includes topics added to the core of the first edition, including conditional and marginal likelihood methods, estimating equations, and models for dispersion effects and components of dispersion. The discussion of other topics-log-linear and related models, log odds-ratio regression models, multinomial response models, inverse linear and related models, quasi-likelihood functions, and model checking-was expanded and incorporates significant revisions. Comprehension of the material requires simply a knowledge of matrix theory and the basic ideas of probability theory, but for the most part, the book is self-contained. Therefore, with its worked examples, plentiful exercises, and topics of direct use to researchers in many disciplines, Generalized Linear Models serves as ideal text, self-study guide, and reference. |
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Chapman & Hall |
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New York |
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2 |
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978-0412317606 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4370 |
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