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| Author | Hoffmann, G.; Bentke, A.; Rose-Meierhöfer, S.; Berg, W.; Mazetti, P.; Hardarson, G.H. | ||||
| Title | Influence of an active stable system on the behavior and body condition of Icelandic horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication  |
animal | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 1684-1693 |
| Keywords | activity, automatic feeding system, behavior, body condition score, Icelandic horse | ||||
| Abstract | Horses are often stabled in individual boxes, a method that does not meet their natural needs and may cause psychical and musculoskeletal diseases. This problem is particularly evident in Iceland, where horses often spend the long winter periods in cramped boxes. The aim of this study was to analyze the suitability of a group housing system in Iceland, but the results are also applicable to horses of other regions. Eight Icelandic horses were observed in an active stable system, and their behavior and time budget were recorded. Movement and lying behavior were studied with ALT (Activity, Lying, Temperature detection) pedometers. The effect of an automatic concentrate feeding station (CFS) on the horses’ behavior was examined. In the first period of investigation, the horses were fed concentrates manually, and in the second period, they were fed with the CFS. Additional behavioral observations and a determination of social hierarchy occurred directly or by video surveillance. The physical condition of the horses was recorded by body weight (BW) measurement and body condition scoring (BCS). The results showed a significant increase between the first and second trial periods in both the activity (P,0.001) and the lying time (P50.003) of the horses with use of the CFS. However, there was no significant change in BW during the first period without the CFS (P50.884) or during the second period with the CFS (P50.540). The BCS of the horses was constant at a very good level during both trial periods, and the horses showed a low level of aggression, a firm social hierarchy and behavioral synchronization. This study concludes that group housing according to the active stable principle is a welfare-friendly option for keeping horses and is a suitable alternative to conventional individual boxes. |
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| Publisher | Cambridge Journals Online | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1751-732x | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5759 | ||
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| Author | Dawson, B.V.; Foss, B.M. | ||||
| Title | Observational learning in budgerigars | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1965 | Publication |
Animal Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 470-474 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Attention; *Behavior, Animal; Birds; *Learning | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2991 | ||
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| Author | KOIZUMI, R.; MITANI, T.; UEDA, K.; KONDO, S. | ||||
| Title | Skill reading of human social cues by horses (Equus caballus) reared under year-round grazing conditions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication |
Animal Behaviour and Management | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 53 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 69-78 |
| Keywords | horse behavior, human-horse communication, animal cognition, social cue | ||||
| Abstract | Animals use communicative signals, such as gesture or gaze, to communicate to someone the intention or expression of the sender, which is called social cue. In the previous studies, it was suggested the skill of reading human social cue in domestic animals are influenced to the domestication, the experience contacting with human and training to obey human. In this present study, we tested the skill for horses (Equus caballus) kept in year-round grazing conditions using 33 horses differed from breed and the degree of the experience with human by object-choice task subjects choosing either of bait boxes located at the end of experimenter. As results, non-socialized horses hardly responded to human social cues. Habituated horses that were both of trained and untrained responded to human social cues, but their accuracy rates were not more than 50% except for two trained subjects. For the skill of reading human social cues, there was high individual variation in responding to human social cues in horses kept in year-round grazing conditions. The individual characteristics influenced to it more than domestication, the experience with human, and training to obey human. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6168 | ||
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| Author | Dunbar, R.I.; Dunbar, E.P. | ||||
| Title | Contrasts in social structure among black-and-white colobus monkey groups | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1976 | Publication |
Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 84-92 |
| Keywords | Agonistic Behavior; Animals; *Colobus; Copulation; Female; *Haplorhini; *Hierarchy, Social; Male; *Social Dominance | ||||
| Abstract | Three types of Colobus guereza groups may be distinguished on the bases of size and composition, namely small one-male groups, large, one-male groups and multi-male groups. The social structure of each type of group is described in terms of the distribution of non-agonistic interactions, the frequency and distribution of agonistic behaviour and the organization of the roles of vigilance, territorial defence and leadership. A number of differences are found between the group types which appear to be related to the differences in group size and composition. It is suggested that these group types represent stages in the life-cycle of colobus groups, and that such an interpretation may help to resolve some of the conflicting reports in the literature. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0003-3472 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:817624 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 2049 | |||
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| Author | Cowley, J.J.; Griesel, R.D. | ||||
| Title | The effect on growth and behaviour of rehabilitating first and second generation low protein rats | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1966 | Publication |
Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 506-517 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Diet Therapy; Dietary Proteins; Female; *Growth; Humans; Intelligence; Learning; Male; Mental Retardation/etiology; Protein Deficiency/*therapy; Rats | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0003-3472 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:6008473 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4119 | ||
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| Author | Paukner, A.; Anderson, J.R.; Fujita, K. | ||||
| Title | Redundant food searches by capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella): a failure of metacognition? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication |
Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 110-117 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Cebus; *Concept Formation; Female; Male; Pattern Recognition, Visual; *Problem Solving; *Visual Perception | ||||
| Abstract | This study investigated capuchin monkeys' understanding of their own visual search behavior as a means to gather information. Five monkeys were presented with three tubes that could be visually searched to determine the location of a bait. The bait's visibility was experimentally manipulated, and the monkeys' spontaneous visual searches before tube selection were analyzed. In Experiment 1, three monkeys selected the baited tube significantly above chance; however, the monkeys also searched transparent tubes. In Experiment 2, a bent tube in which food was never visible was introduced. When the bent tube was baited, the monkeys failed to deduce the bait location and responded randomly. They also continued to look into the bent tube despite not gaining any pertinent information from it. The capuchin monkeys' behavior contrasts with the efficient employment of visual search behavior reported in humans, apes and macaques. This difference is consistent with species-related variations in metacognitive abilities, although other explanations are also possible. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK. ap14@stir.ac.uk | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16184375 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 15 | ||
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| Author | Herrmann, E.; Melis, A.P.; Tomasello, M. | ||||
| Title | Apes' use of iconic cues in the object-choice task | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication |
Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 118-130 |
| Keywords | Animal Communication; Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; *Choice Behavior; *Cues; Female; Gorilla gorilla; Male; *Nonverbal Communication; Pan paniscus; Pan troglodytes; Pongo pygmaeus; *Problem Solving; Space Perception; Species Specificity; Statistics, Nonparametric | ||||
| Abstract | In previous studies great apes have shown little ability to locate hidden food using a physical marker placed by a human directly on the target location. In this study, we hypothesized that the perceptual similarity between an iconic cue and the hidden reward (baited container) would help apes to infer the location of the food. In the first two experiments, we found that if an iconic cue is given in addition to a spatial/indexical cue – e.g., picture or replica of a banana placed on the target location – apes (chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, gorillas) as a group performed above chance. However, we also found in two further experiments that when iconic cues were given on their own without spatial/indexical information (iconic cue held up by human with no diagnostic spatial/indexical information), the apes were back to chance performance. Our overall conclusion is that although iconic information helps apes in the process of searching hidden food, the poor performance found in the last two experiments is due to apes' lack of understanding of the informative (cooperative) communicative intention of the experimenter. | ||||
| Address | Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. eherrman@eva.mpg.de | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16395566 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 14 | |||
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| Author | de Waal, F.B.M. | ||||
| Title | Silent invasion: Imanishi's primatology and cultural bias in science | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication |
Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 293-299 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Culture; Ecosystem; History, 20th Century; Philosophy; Portraits; *Prejudice; Primates/*psychology; Psychology, Comparative/*history; Research Design/trends | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | Living Links, Yerkes Primate Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. dewaal@emory.edu | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:14551801 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 178 | ||
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| Author | Zentall, T.R. | ||||
| Title | Imitation: definitions, evidence, and mechanisms | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication |
Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 335-353 |
| Keywords | Adaptation, Psychological; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Imitative Behavior; *Learning; Motivation; *Social Environment; Transfer (Psychology) | ||||
| Abstract | Imitation can be defined as the copying of behavior. To a biologist, interest in imitation is focused on its adaptive value for the survival of the organism, but to a psychologist, the mechanisms responsible for imitation are the most interesting. For psychologists, the most important cases of imitation are those that involve demonstrated behavior that the imitator cannot see when it performs the behavior (e.g., scratching one's head). Such examples of imitation are sometimes referred to as opaque imitation because they are difficult to account for without positing cognitive mechanisms, such as perspective taking, that most animals have not been acknowledged to have. The present review first identifies various forms of social influence and social learning that do not qualify as opaque imitation, including species-typical mechanisms (e.g., mimicry and contagion), motivational mechanisms (e.g., social facilitation, incentive motivation, transfer of fear), attentional mechanisms (e.g., local enhancement, stimulus enhancement), imprinting, following, observational conditioning, and learning how the environment works (affordance learning). It then presents evidence for different forms of opaque imitation in animals, and identifies characteristics of human imitation that have been proposed to distinguish it from animal imitation. Finally, it examines the role played in opaque imitation by demonstrator reinforcement and observer motivation. Although accounts of imitation have been proposed that vary in their level of analysis from neural to cognitive, at present no theory of imitation appears to be adequate to account for the varied results that have been found. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA. Zentall@uky.edu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17024510 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 217 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Martin, T.I.; Zentall, T.R. | ||||
| Title | Post-choice information processing by pigeons | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication |
Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 273-278 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Choice Behavior; *Columbidae; Discrimination Learning | ||||
| Abstract | In a conditional discrimination (matching-to-sample), a sample is followed by two comparison stimuli, one of which is correct, depending on the sample. Evidence from previous research suggests that if the stimulus display is maintained following an incorrect response (the so-called penalty-time procedure), acquisition by pigeons is facilitated. The present research tested the hypothesis that the penalty-time procedure allows the pigeons to review and learn from the maintained stimulus display following an incorrect choice. It did so by including a penalty-time group for which, following an incorrect choice, the sample changed to match the incorrect comparison, thus providing the pigeons with post-choice 'misinformation.' This misinformation group acquired the matching task significantly slower than the standard penalty-time group (that had no change in the sample following an error). Furthermore, acquisition of matching by a control group that received no penalty time fell midway between the other two groups, suggesting that the pigeons did not merely take more care in making choices because of the aversiveness of penalty-time. Thus, it appears that in the acquisition of matching-to-sample, when the stimulus display is maintained following an incorrect choice, the pigeons can review or acquire information from the display. This is the first time that such an effect has been reported for a nonhuman species. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15744507 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 225 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||