Records |
Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
Title |
Animal behaviour: planning for breakfast |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
445 |
Issue |
7130 |
Pages |
825-826 |
Keywords |
Animals; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; *Food; Haplorhini/physiology; Memory/physiology; Songbirds/*physiology; Thinking/*physiology |
Abstract |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1476-4687 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:17314961 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
356 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Amdam, G.V.; Csondes, A.; Fondrk, M.K.; Page, R.E.J. |
Title |
Complex social behaviour derived from maternal reproductive traits |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
439 |
Issue |
7072 |
Pages |
76-78 |
Keywords |
Aging/physiology; Animals; Bees/*physiology; *Evolution; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Female; Infertility, Female; Maternal Behavior/*physiology; Ovary/physiology; Pollen/metabolism; Reproduction/*physiology; *Social Behavior |
Abstract |
A fundamental goal of sociobiology is to explain how complex social behaviour evolves, especially in social insects, the exemplars of social living. Although still the subject of much controversy, recent theoretical explanations have focused on the evolutionary origins of worker behaviour (assistance from daughters that remain in the nest and help their mother to reproduce) through expression of maternal care behaviour towards siblings. A key prediction of this evolutionary model is that traits involved in maternal care have been co-opted through heterochronous expression of maternal genes to result in sib-care, the hallmark of highly evolved social life in insects. A coupling of maternal behaviour to reproductive status evolved in solitary insects, and was a ready substrate for the evolution of worker-containing societies. Here we show that division of foraging labour among worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) is linked to the reproductive status of facultatively sterile females. We thereby identify the evolutionary origin of a widely expressed social-insect behavioural syndrome, and provide a direct demonstration of how variation in maternal reproductive traits gives rise to complex social behaviour in non-reproductive helpers. |
Address |
Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA. Gro.Amdam@asu.edu |
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English |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1476-4687 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:16397498 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
531 |
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Author |
Cameron, E.Z.; du Toit, J.T. |
Title |
Winning by a neck: tall giraffes avoid competing with shorter browsers |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The American naturalist |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am Nat |
Volume |
169 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
130-135 |
Keywords |
Acacia/growth & development; Animals; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Neck/*anatomy & histology; Plant Leaves/growth & development; Ruminants/*anatomy & histology/*physiology; South Africa |
Abstract |
With their vertically elongated body form, giraffes generally feed above the level of other browsers within the savanna browsing guild, despite having access to foliage at lower levels. They ingest more leaf mass per bite when foraging high in the tree, perhaps because smaller, more selective browsers deplete shoots at lower levels or because trees differentially allocate resources to promote shoot growth in the upper canopy. We erected exclosures around individual Acacia nigrescens trees in the greater Kruger ecosystem, South Africa. After a complete growing season, we found no differences in leaf biomass per shoot across height zones in excluded trees but significant differences in control trees. We conclude that giraffes preferentially browse at high levels in the canopy to avoid competition with smaller browsers. Our findings are analogous with those from studies of grazing guilds and demonstrate that resource partitioning can be driven by competition when smaller foragers displace larger foragers from shared resources. This provides the first experimental support for the classic evolutionary hypothesis that vertical elongation of the giraffe body is an outcome of competition within the browsing ungulate guild. |
Address |
Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa. ezcameron@zoology.up.ac.za |
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English |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1537-5323 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:17206591 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
410 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Dubois, F.; Giraldeau, L.-A. |
Title |
The forager's dilemma: food sharing and food defense as risk-sensitive foraging options |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2003 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The American Naturalist |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am Nat |
Volume |
162 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
768-779 |
Keywords |
Animals; Competitive Behavior/*physiology; *Environment; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; *Game Theory; *Models, Biological; Population Density; Population Dynamics |
Abstract |
Although many variants of the hawk-dove game predict the frequency at which group foraging animals should compete aggressively, none of them can explain why a large number of group foraging animals share food clumps without any overt aggression. One reason for this shortcoming is that hawk-dove games typically consider only a single contest, while most group foraging situations involve opponents that interact repeatedly over discovered food clumps. The present iterated hawk-dove game predicts that in situations that are analogous to a prisoner's dilemma, animals should share the resources without aggression, provided that the number of simultaneously available food clumps is sufficiently large and the number of competitors is relatively small. However, given that the expected gain of an aggressive animal is more variable than the gain expected by nonaggressive individuals, the predicted effect of the number of food items in a clump-clump richness-depends on whether only the mean or both the mean and variability associated with payoffs are considered. More precisely, the deterministic game predicts that aggression should increase with clump richness, whereas the stochastic risk-sensitive game predicts that the frequency of encounters resulting in aggression should peak at intermediate clump richnesses or decrease with increasing clump richness if animals show sensitivity to the variance or coefficient of variation, respectively. |
Address |
Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Case postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada. fdubois@u-bourgogne.fr |
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English |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-0147 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:14737714 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
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Serial |
2132 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hirsch, B.T. |
Title |
Costs and benefits of within-group spatial position: a feeding competition model |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The Quarterly review of biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Q Rev Biol |
Volume |
82 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
9-27 |
Keywords |
Animals; Competitive Behavior/*physiology; Dominance-Subordination; Feeding Behavior/*physiology/*psychology; Population Dynamics; Predatory Behavior/*physiology |
Abstract |
An animal's within-group spatial position has several important fitness consequences. Risk of predation, time spent engaging in antipredatory behavior and feeding competition can all vary with respect to spatial position. Previous research has found evidence that feeding rates are higher at the group edge in many species, but these studies have not represented the entire breadth of dietary diversity and ecological situations faced by many animals. In particular the presence of concentrated, defendable food patches can lead to increased feeding rates by dominants in the center of the group that are able to monopolize or defend these areas. To fully understand the tradeoffs of within-group spatial position in relation to a variety of factors, it is important to be able to predict where individuals should preferably position themselves in relation to feeding rates and food competition. A qualitative model is presented here to predict how food depletion time, abundance of food patches within a group, and the presence of prior knowledge of feeding sites affect the payoffs of different within-group spatial positions for dominant and subordinate animals. In general, when feeding on small abundant food items, individuals at the front edge of the group should have higher foraging success. When feeding on slowly depleted, rare food items, dominants will often have the highest feeding rates in the center of the group. Between these two extreme points of a continuum, an individual's optimal spatial position is predicted to be influenced by an additional combination of factors, such as group size, group spread, satiation rates, and the presence of producer-scrounger tactics. |
Address |
Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA. BTHIRSCH@IC.SUNYSB.EDU |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0033-5770 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:17354992 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
803 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A. |
Title |
Ingestive behavior |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1990 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract |
Volume |
6 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
319-337 |
Keywords |
Animals; Eating/*physiology; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Horses/*physiology |
Abstract |
In summary, horses spend 60% or more of their time eating when grazing or when feed is available free choice. Grasses are their preferred food, but they supplement the grass with herbs and woody plants. Sweetened mixtures of oats and corn are the most preferred concentrate. Horses can increase or decrease the time spent eating and amount eaten to maintain caloric intake. Their intake is stimulated by drugs such as diazepam and by the presence of other horses. Horses stop eating when gastric osmolality increases; increases in plasma osmolality, protein, and glucose accompany digestion. Foals eat several times an hour and begin sampling solid food at the same time that their dam is eating. Several areas of particular importance to the equine industry have not been investigated. These areas include the effect of exercise on short- and long-term food intake and the influence of reproductive state on the feeding of mares. |
Address |
Department of Physiology, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca |
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Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0749-0739 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:2202495 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
42 |
Permanent link to this record |