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Author Haring, H.
Title Development, level and prospects of the german horse breeding Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication (down) Zuechtungskunde Abbreviated Journal Zuechtungskunde
Volume 77 Issue 6 Pages 490-495
Keywords Breeding program; Breeding/Member association; Change of structure; Estimation of breeding values; Fédération Equestre Nationale (FN)/German Equestrian Federation; Step of selection; Equidae; Equus caballus
Abstract The economic impact of the horses of the Federal Republic of Germany has gone up, the statistic numerals verify obviously that Germany took pride of place in Europe in terms of numbers of riders as well as numbers of horses. Successes of German branded horses let their breeders reach the summit worldwide. The carefully agreed breeding programme connects practical cognitions with those of science and permits the leading breeding areas unobstructed space to set their own priorities. Globalisation and rised demand of customers forces breeding associations towards a far-reaching reorganisation because just large powerful institutions can meet these requirements. An end of this process, which scarcely has just begun, cannot yet be conceivable seen. – Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart.
Address Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung e. V., 48229 Warendorf, Germany
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ISSN 00445401 (Issn) ISBN Medium
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Notes Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 21 April 2007; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: German; Correspondence Address: Haring, H.; Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung e. V. 48229 Warendorf, Germany; email: Hharing@fn-dokr.de Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 791
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Author Smith, D.G.; Pearson, R.A.
Title A review of the factors affecting the survival of donkeys in semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication (down) Tropical Animal Health and Production Abbreviated Journal Trop Anim Health Prod
Volume 37 Suppl 1 Issue Pages 1-19
Keywords Africa South of the Sahara; Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Equidae/growth & development/*physiology; Socioeconomic Factors
Abstract The large fluctuations seen in cattle populations during periods of drought in sub-Saharan Africa are not evident in the donkey population. Donkeys appear to have a survival advantage over cattle that is increasingly recognized by smallholder farmers in their selection of working animals. The donkey's survival advantages arise from both socioeconomic and biological factors. Socioeconomic factors include the maintenance of a low sustainable population of donkeys owing to their single-purpose role and their low social status. Also, because donkeys are not usually used as a meat animal and can provide a regular income as a working animal, they are not slaughtered in response to drought, as are cattle. Donkeys have a range of physiological and behavioural adaptations that individually provide small survival advantages over cattle but collectively may make a large difference to whether or not they survive drought. Donkeys have lower maintenance costs as a result of their size and spend less energy while foraging for food; lower energy costs result in a lower dry matter intake (DMI) requirement. In donkeys, low-quality diets are digested almost as efficiently as in ruminants and, because of a highly selective feeding strategy, the quality of diet obtained by donkeys in a given pasture is higher than that obtained by cattle. Lower energy costs of walking, longer foraging times per day and ability to tolerate thirst may allow donkeys to access more remote, under-utilized sources of forage that are inaccessible to cattle on rangeland. As donkeys become a more popular choice of working animal for farmers, specific management practices need to be devised that allow donkeys to fully maximize their natural survival advantages.
Address Department of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, Scotland, UK. d.g.smith@abdn.ac.uk
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ISSN 0049-4747 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:16335068 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4231
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Author Robinson, H.C.
Title Equine interspecies aggression Type
Year 2007 Publication (down) The Veterinary record Abbreviated Journal Vet. Rec.
Volume 160 Issue 7 Pages 244
Keywords *Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Equidae; Horses/*physiology/*psychology
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ISSN 0042-4900 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:17308028 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1773
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Author Burden, F.; Trawford, A.
Title Equine interspecies aggression Comment on Type
Year 2006 Publication (down) The Veterinary record Abbreviated Journal Vet. Rec.
Volume 159 Issue 25 Pages 859-860
Keywords *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cats; Dogs; Equidae
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ISSN 0042-4900 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:17172484 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1777
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Author Dierenfeld, E.S.
Title Vitamin E in exotics: effects, evaluation and ecology Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication (down) The Journal of Nutrition Abbreviated Journal J Nutr
Volume 124 Issue 12 Suppl Pages 2579s-2581s
Keywords Animal Feed/*analysis; Animals; Animals, Zoo/blood/*metabolism; Antelopes/blood/metabolism; Birds/blood/metabolism; Deer/blood/metabolism; Elephants/blood/metabolism; Equidae/blood/metabolism; Perissodactyla/blood/metabolism; Vitamin E/*administration & dosage/analysis/blood; Vitamin E Deficiency/pathology/physiopathology/veterinary
Abstract The pathophysiology and lesions associated with vitamin E deficiency are similar between domestic and exotic species, and circulating plasma concentrations are also similar between comparable groups. However, many ecological variables must be considered for the most relevant comparisons. Tissue values of vitamin E, apart from plasma, are unknown for most exotics. Dietary vitamin E requirements of exotic species and domestics appear to differ; based on natural foodstuff analyses and clinical observations, between 50 and 200 mg vitamin E/kg DM are necessary to prevent vitamin E deficiency, 5- to 10-fold higher than current livestock recommendations.
Address Department of Nutrition, Wildlife Health Center, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY 10460
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ISSN 0022-3166 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:7996243 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2661
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Author Thackeray, J.F.
Title Zebras from wonderwerk cave, northern Cape province, South Africa: attempts to distinguish Equus burchelli and E. quagga Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication (down) South African journal of science Abbreviated Journal Suid- Afrikaanse Tydsskrif vir Wetenskap
Volume 84 Issue Pages 99-101
Keywords Cape Province; Teeth; Statistical analysis; Equidae; Hippomorpha; South Africa; Southern Africa; Perissodactyla; Mammalia; Vertebrata
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ISSN 0038-2353 ISBN Medium
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes
Call Number Serial 1644
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Author Moehlman, P.D.
Title Endangered wild equids Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication (down) Scientific American Abbreviated Journal Sci Am
Volume 292 Issue 3 Pages 74-81
Keywords Africa; Americas; Animals; *Animals, Wild/physiology; Asia; *Conservation of Energy Resources; Environment; *Equidae/physiology; Food Chain; Humans; Male; Reproduction
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Address IUCN-The World Conservation Union/Species Survival Commission Equid Specialist Group
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ISSN 0036-8733 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:15859216 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 551
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Author Macfadden, B.J.
Title Evolution. Fossil horses--evidence for evolution Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication (down) Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science
Volume 307 Issue 5716 Pages 1728-1730
Keywords Animals; Body Size; DNA, Mitochondrial; Diet; *Equidae/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics; *Evolution; Feeding Behavior; *Fossils; *Horses/anatomy & histology/classification/genetics; Paleodontology; Phylogeny; Time; Tooth/anatomy & histology
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Address Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. bmacfadd@flmnh.ufl.edu
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ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:15774746 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1892
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Author Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Turner, J.W.J.; Liu, I.K.; Fayrer-Hosken, R.; Rutberg, A.T.
Title Case studies in wildlife immunocontraception: wild and feral equids and white-tailed deer Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication (down) Reproduction, fertility, and development Abbreviated Journal Reprod Fertil Dev
Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 105-110
Keywords Animals; Antigens/immunology; Contraception, Immunologic/*veterinary; *Deer; *Equidae; Female; Immunization, Secondary; Pest Control/*methods; Pregnancy; Swine; Vaccines/administration & dosage; Zona Pellucida/immunology
Abstract Non-lethal management methods are required for wild equids that are protected by law and for deer inhabiting areas where lethal controls are not legal or safe. Single or multiple inoculations of porcine zona pellucida (PZP) vaccine have been delivered to wild horses and deer by means of darts. Contraceptive efficacy in horses after two inoculations ranged from 90% to 100%, and after a single inoculation ranged from 19% to 28%. Mares given a controlled-release form of the vaccine had foaling rates ranging from 7% to 20%. No detectable changes in social organization or behaviours among treated horses occurred. Contraceptive effects were reversible after 4 consecutive years of treatment but 5-7 years of treatment resulted in ovulation failure and decreased urinary oestrogen concentrations. Among deer, two inoculations were 70-100% effective in preventing fawns, but one inoculation yielded a contraceptive efficacy of < or = 20%, with pregnancies occurring late in the breeding season; a single annual booster inoculation reduced fertility to 20% in the second year. Energy costs of extended breeding seasons were less than those resulting from pregnancy. After two years of treatment, ovaries appeared normal. These studies suggest that PZP immunocontraception can be successfully applied to certain free-roaming populations of wild horses and deer.
Address ZooMontana, Billings 59108, USA
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ISSN 1031-3613 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:9109199 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 143
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Author Pritchard, J.C.; Lindberg, A.C.; Main, D.C.J.; Whay, H.R.
Title Assessment of the welfare of working horses, mules and donkeys, using health and behaviour parameters Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication (down) Preventive Veterinary Medicine Abbreviated Journal Prev Vet Med
Volume 69 Issue 3-4 Pages 265-283
Keywords *Animal Welfare; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Developing Countries; *Equidae; Female; Health; Male
Abstract Working animals provide an essential transport resource in developing countries worldwide. Many of these animals are owned by poor people and work in harsh environments, so their welfare is a cause for concern. A protocol was developed to assess the welfare of working horses, mules and donkeys in urban and peri-urban areas, using direct observation of health and behaviour parameters. In this study, 4903 animals used for draught, pack and ridden work in Afghanistan, Egypt, India, Jordan and Pakistan were assessed between December 2002 and April 2003. The data showed that donkeys were more likely than mules or horses to demonstrate avoidance or aggressive behaviour towards an observer, while horses were most likely to make a friendly approach. Fewer than 8% of working equines had abnormal mucous membranes, ectoparasites or poor coat condition. Body lesions occurred predominantly in the areas of the breast/shoulder, withers and girth in all three species, with mules having the highest prevalence of lesions in these areas (22.5, 21.3 and 28.4%, respectively). Among horses and donkeys, the prevalence of these lesions was influenced by the type of work carried out. Lesions on the head, neck, ribs, flank and tail base were seen in less than 10% of animals. Across all three species approximately 70% of animals were thin, having a body condition score (BCS) of 2 or less on a scale of 1-5 (1, very thin; 5, very fat) and more horses were in very thin condition (BCS 1) than mules or donkeys. Over 75% of animals demonstrated limb deformities and abnormalities of gait. The results of this study are being used as the initial stage of a long-term strategy to inform priorities for welfare interventions in working equines and to establish a welfare benchmark. Subsequent stages will rank the welfare concerns identified, assess the contributing risk factors and implement specific interventions to address these risks. Following intervention, success in improving welfare will be measured by repetition of this protocol and comparison with the benchmark.
Address Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK. joy.pritchard@bristol.ac.uk
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ISSN 0167-5877 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:15907574 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1889
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