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| Author | Scheidhacker, M.; Bender, W.; Vaitl, P. | ||||
| Title | Die Wirksamkeit des therapeutischen Reitens bei der Behandlung chronisch schizophrener Patienten | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1991 | Publication | Der Nervenarzt | Abbreviated Journal | Nervenarzt |
| Volume | 62 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 283-287 |
| Keywords | Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Animals; Attention; Chronic Disease; Female; Follow-Up Studies; *Horses; Humans; Male; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychotherapy/*methods; Schizophrenia/*rehabilitation; *Schizophrenic Psychology; Self Concept; *Sports | ||||
| Abstract | After describing horse-riding as a facility in managing mentally ill patients, a program for chronic schizophrenic in-patients is presented. Clinical experience with this program and also results of a controlled study are reported. The therapeutic value and slope for horse-riding are discussed in relation to different diagnoses. | ||||
| Address | Bezirkskrankenhaus Haar b. Munchen | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title  |
Die Wirksamkeit des therapeutischen Reitens bei der Behandlung chronisch schizophrener Patienten. Experimentelle Ergebnisse und klinische Erfahrungen | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0028-2804 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | [The effectiveness of therapeutic horseback-riding in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic patients. Experimental results and clinical experiences] | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5067 | ||
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| Author | Stadler, P.; Rewel, A.; Deegen, E. | ||||
| Title | [M-mode echocardiography in dressage horses, class S jumping horses and untrained horses] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1993 | Publication | Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A | Abbreviated Journal | Zentralbl Veterinarmed A |
| Volume | 40 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 292-306 |
| Keywords | Animals; Echocardiography/*veterinary; Female; Heart Septum/ultrasonography; Heart Ventricles/ultrasonography; Horses/*anatomy & histology; Male; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; Reference Values | ||||
| Abstract | Heart structures of 45 warmblooded horses were measured by M-mode-echocardiography. The current training level of 15 dressage horses (group I) and 15 show-jumping horses (group II) was category “S”. In the third group were 15 untrained horses. Four standardized transducer positions were determined for the m-mode echobeam, calibrated according to the two-dimensional real time technique. End systolic and end diastolic diameters of left ventricle, right ventricle, aortic root, interventricular septum and left ventricular wall, as well as motion pattern of heart wall, mitral valve and aortic valve of all horses were measured. The dressage horses showed a significant thickening of interventricular septum and left-ventricular wall compared with the show-jumping horses and the untrained horses. The end diastolic left ventricle diameter of the show-jumping horses was significantly larger than in the other groups. Compared to the untrained horses the show-jumping horses showed a significantly larger end systolic left ventricular wall diameter measured at the level of papillary muscle. It can be concluded, that an increase in heart mass in category “S” sport horses is attributed to their level of training. | ||||
| Address | Klinik fur Pferde der Tierarztlichen Hochschule Hannover | ||||
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| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title |
Die M-mode-Echokardiographie bei S-Dressur-, S-Springpferden und bei untrainierten Pferden | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0514-7158 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:8342361 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3749 | ||
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| Author | Kaplan, A.I.; Borodovskii, M.I. | ||||
| Title | [Alternative animal behavior: a model and its statistical characteristics] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication | Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly. Biologicheskie Nauki | Abbreviated Journal | Nauchnye Doki Vyss Shkoly Biol Nauki |
| Volume | Issue | 3 | Pages | 29-32 | |
| Keywords | Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Male; Mathematics; *Models, Biological; *Models, Statistical; Rats; Reinforcement (Psychology) | ||||
| Abstract | The rats' alternative behaviour in T-maze at simultaneous two-sided food refreshment in 13 trials a day during 6 days has been studied. It has been found that in the first testing days the indexes of alternative behaviour of animals correspond to the characteristics of the random alternation. However, on the 5-6th day of testing in the overwhelming majority of rats the true deviation of alternation index above or below than the theoretical values has been revealed. A question on the existence of two strategies of cognitive behaviour alteration and perseveration in rat population is under discussion. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title |
Al'ternativnoe povedenie zhivotnykh: model' i statisticheskie kharakteristiki | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0470-4606 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:2742929 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2799 | ||
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| Author | Elsaesser, F.; Klobasa, F.; Ellendorff, F. | ||||
| Title | ACTH stimulation test for the determination of salivary cortisol and of cortisol responses as markers of the training status/fitness of warm-blooded sports horses] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift | Abbreviated Journal | Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr |
| Volume | 108 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 31-36 |
| Keywords | Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*diagnostic use; Animals; Health; Horses/*physiology; Hydrocortisone/*analysis/*secretion; Male; Orchiectomy; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; Running; Saliva/*chemistry; Walking | ||||
| Abstract | Previous work (Marc et al., 2000) suggested that plasma cortisol responses to treadmill exercise or ACTH injection are a reliable marker for performance evaluation in warmblood horses. For practical purposes blood sample collections and treadmill exercise tests are somewhat troublesome and time consuming. The goal of this study was thus to evaluate the use of saliva for cortisol determination (by direct EIA) as a marker for performance and to investigate the reliability and repeatability of plasma cortisol responses to a single i.v. injection of ACTH (50 micrograms or 250 micrograms). Furthermore, the effect of training horses for 8 weeks 3 times per week covering the same distance (increasing from 3.5 km during the first week to 8 km during the last week) either by trotting (approximately 240 m/min) or by cantering (375 m/min) was investigated. For this purpose initially ten four-year-old Hannovarian geldings, all reared in the same State stud, were used. Mean overall correlation between salivary cortisol and plasma cortisol concentrations was 0.64 when samples of various points of time were used. However, in spite of attempts to standardize saliva sample collection, correlation between salivary cortisol levels and plasma cortisol levels at distinct points of time in different tests were low and significant (r = 0.85, p < 0.02) only in one test. Thus, salivary cortisol measurements for diagnostic purposes are not reliable or useful. The repeatability of plasma cortisol responses to ACTH for untrained and trained horses were r = 0.86 and r = 0.8 respectively (p < or = 0.01 and p < or = 0.05 respectively). Training horses either by trotting or cantering did not affect the cortisol response either to treadmill exercise or to stimulation by ACTH. It is concluded that the relationship between salivary cortisol levels and plasma cortisol levels is not close enough to allow the use of salivary cortisol determination as marker of the training status/fitness of horses. The repeatability of the cortisol response to ACTH is similar to the cortisol response to treadmill exercise. Based on plasma cortisol responses to ACTH or treadmill exercise training horses by cantering at low speed is not superior to training by trotting for the fitness of horses. | ||||
| Address | Institut fur Tierzucht und Tierverhalten Mariensee (FAL), Holtystrasse 10, 31535 Neustadt. elsaesser@tzv.fal.de | ||||
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| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title |
ACTH Stimulationstest und Bestimmung von Cortisol im Blut und Speichel zur Bewertung des Trainingszustands/der Kondition beim Warmblutpferd | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0341-6593 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:11232423 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4053 | ||
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| Author | Paukner, A.; Anderson, J.R.; Fujita, K. | ||||
| Title | Redundant food searches by capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella): a failure of metacognition? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 110-117 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Cebus; *Concept Formation; Female; Male; Pattern Recognition, Visual; *Problem Solving; *Visual Perception | ||||
| Abstract | This study investigated capuchin monkeys' understanding of their own visual search behavior as a means to gather information. Five monkeys were presented with three tubes that could be visually searched to determine the location of a bait. The bait's visibility was experimentally manipulated, and the monkeys' spontaneous visual searches before tube selection were analyzed. In Experiment 1, three monkeys selected the baited tube significantly above chance; however, the monkeys also searched transparent tubes. In Experiment 2, a bent tube in which food was never visible was introduced. When the bent tube was baited, the monkeys failed to deduce the bait location and responded randomly. They also continued to look into the bent tube despite not gaining any pertinent information from it. The capuchin monkeys' behavior contrasts with the efficient employment of visual search behavior reported in humans, apes and macaques. This difference is consistent with species-related variations in metacognitive abilities, although other explanations are also possible. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK. ap14@stir.ac.uk | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16184375 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 15 | ||
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| Author | Palmer, M.E.; Calve, M.R.; Adamo, S.A. | ||||
| Title | Response of female cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Cephalopoda) to mirrors and conspecifics: evidence for signaling in female cuttlefish | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 151-155 |
| Keywords | Analysis of Variance; *Animal Communication; Animals; Bias (Epidemiology); Female; Male; Pigmentation/*physiology; Recognition (Psychology)/*physiology; Sepia/*physiology; Visual Perception/*physiology | ||||
| Abstract | Cuttlefish have a large repertoire of body patterns that are used for camouflage and interspecific signaling. Intraspecific signaling by male cuttlefish has been well documented but studies on signaling by females are lacking. We found that females displayed a newly described body pattern termed Splotch toward their mirror image and female conspecifics, but not to males, prey or inanimate objects. Female cuttlefish may use the Splotch body pattern as an intraspecific signal, possibly to reduce agonistic interactions. The ability of females to produce a consistent body pattern in response to conspecifics and mirrors suggests that they can recognize same-sex conspecifics using visual cues, despite the lack of sexual dimorphism visible to human observers. | ||||
| Address | Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Dorset, ON, Canada, P0A 1E0 | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title |
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16408230 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 16 | ||
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| Author | Herrmann, E.; Melis, A.P.; Tomasello, M. | ||||
| Title | Apes' use of iconic cues in the object-choice task | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Animal cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 118-130 |
| Keywords | Animal Communication; Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; *Choice Behavior; *Cues; Female; Gorilla gorilla; Male; *Nonverbal Communication; Pan paniscus; Pan troglodytes; Pongo pygmaeus; *Problem Solving; Space Perception; Species Specificity; Statistics, Nonparametric | ||||
| Abstract | In previous studies great apes have shown little ability to locate hidden food using a physical marker placed by a human directly on the target location. In this study, we hypothesized that the perceptual similarity between an iconic cue and the hidden reward (baited container) would help apes to infer the location of the food. In the first two experiments, we found that if an iconic cue is given in addition to a spatial/indexical cue – e.g., picture or replica of a banana placed on the target location – apes (chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, gorillas) as a group performed above chance. However, we also found in two further experiments that when iconic cues were given on their own without spatial/indexical information (iconic cue held up by human with no diagnostic spatial/indexical information), the apes were back to chance performance. Our overall conclusion is that although iconic information helps apes in the process of searching hidden food, the poor performance found in the last two experiments is due to apes' lack of understanding of the informative (cooperative) communicative intention of the experimenter. | ||||
| Address | Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. eherrman@eva.mpg.de | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title |
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16395566 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 14 | |||
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| Author | Stahlbaum, C.C.; Houpt, K.A. | ||||
| Title | The role of the Flehmen response in the behavioral repertoire of the stallion | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication | Physiology & behavior | Abbreviated Journal | Physiol. Behav. |
| Volume | 45 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1207-1214 |
| Keywords | Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Circadian Rhythm; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology; Estrus; Feces; Female; Horses/*physiology; Male; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Smell/*physiology; Taste/physiology; Urine | ||||
| Abstract | The role of the Flehmen response in equine behavior was investigated under field and laboratory conditions. In Experiment 1, a field study made of five stallions on pasture with between three and eighteen mares each during the season indicated the following: 1) The Flehmen response was most frequently preceded by nasal, rather than oral, investigation of substances; 2) The stallions' rate of Flehmen varied with the estrous cycles of the mares; 3) The rate of Flehmen response did not show a variation with time of day; and 4) The Flehmen response was most frequently followed by marking behaviors rather than courtship behaviors. The results suggest that the Flehmen response is not an immediate component of sexual behavior, e.g., courtship of the stallion but may be involved in the overall monitoring of the mare's estrous cycle. Therefore the Flehmen response may contribute to the chemosensory priming of the stallion for reproduction. In Experiment 2 stallions were presented with urine or feces of mares in various stages of the reproductive cycle as well as with their own or other males' urine or feces. The occurrence of sniffing and Flehmen was used to determine the discriminatory ability of the stallions. Stallions can differentiate the sex of a horse on the basis of its feces alone, but cannot differentiate on the basis of urine. This ability may explain the function of fecal marking behavior of stallions. | ||||
| Address | New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853 | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0031-9384 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:2813545 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 44 | ||
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| Author | Hodgson, D.; Howe, S.; Jeffcott, L.; Reid, S.; Mellor, D.; Higgins, A. | ||||
| Title | Effect of prolonged use of altrenogest on behaviour in mares | Type | |||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) | Abbreviated Journal | Vet J |
| Volume | 169 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 113-115 |
| Keywords | Administration, Oral; Anabolic Agents/adverse effects/*pharmacology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects; Body Constitution/drug effects; Body Weight/drug effects; *Doping in Sports; Female; Horses/*physiology; Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Time Factors; Trenbolone/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology | ||||
| Abstract | Erratum in: Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):321. Corrected and republished in: Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):322-5. Oral administration of altrenogest for oestrus suppression in competition horses is believed to be widespread in some equestrian disciplines, and can be administered continuously for several months during a competition season. To examine whether altrenogest has any anabolic or other potential performance enhancing properties that may give a horse an unfair advantage, we examined the effect of oral altrenogest (0.044 mg/kg), given daily for a period of eight weeks, on social hierarchy, activity budget, body-mass and body condition score of 12 sedentary mares. We concluded that prolonged oral administration of altrenogest at recommended dose rates to sedentary mares resulted in no effect on dominance hierarchies, body mass or condition score. |
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| Address | Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Private Mailbag 4, Narellan Delivery Centre, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. davidh@camden.usyd.edu.au | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1090-0233 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:15683772 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 671 | ||
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| Author | Houpt, K.A.; Wolski, T.R. | ||||
| Title | Stability of equine hierarchies and the prevention of dominance related aggression | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1980 | Publication | Equine veterinary journal | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Vet J |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 15-18 |
| Keywords | *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Feeding Behavior; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; *Horses; Humans; Male; Maternal Behavior; *Social Dominance | ||||
| Abstract | The dominance hierarchy of a herd of 10 Thoroughbred mares was determined twice, at an interval of 18 months, using paired feeding tests. Each mare's rank was correlated significantly between the 2 tests. This indicated that the hierarchy within the herd was stable. The offspring of dominant and subordinate mares were also tested for dominance in their own age groups. The offspring of dominant mares tended to be near the top of the hierarchy while those of middle and low ranking mares were not consistently found in the middle or bottom of their own hierarchies. Paired feeding tests were carried out on 8 ponies. During tests the time that each pony spent eating and the ponies' aggressive interactions were recorded. Two situations were used. Each pony-pair was tested when both ponies were in the same paddock and also when they were separated by a rail fence. The subordinate ponies spent significantly more time eating and the domonant pony was significantly less aggressive, when the pony-pair was separated by a fence than when they were in one paddock. It was concluded that the dominance hierarchies of adult horse groups changed very little over time and that the foals of dominant mares will tend to be dominant in their own age groups. Management practices can be used to reduce aggression and consequent injury that may arise in group feeding situations. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0425-1644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7189148 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 59 | ||
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