| Records |
| Author |
Crans, W.J.; McNelly, J.; Schulze, T.L.; Main, A. |
| Title |
Isolation of eastern equine encephalitis virus from Aedes sollicitans during an epizootic in southern New Jersey |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Mosq Control Assoc |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
68-72 |
| Keywords |
Aedes/*microbiology; Alphavirus/*isolation & purification; Animals; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine/*isolation & purification; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/epidemiology/transmission/veterinary; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/transmission; Horses; Insect Vectors/microbiology; New Jersey |
| Abstract |
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEE) was isolated from the salt marsh mosquito, Aedes sollicitans, collected from coastal areas of New Jersey on 3 occasions during the late summer and fall of 1982. The isolations were made at a time when local Culiseta melanura were either undergoing a population increase or exhibiting high levels of EEE virus. Although no human cases were reported during the epizootic period, the data lend support to the hypothesis that Ae. sollicitans is capable of functioning as an epidemic vector in the coastal areas of New Jersey where human cases of EEE have been most common. |
| Address |
Mosquito Research and Control, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
8756-971X |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes  |
PMID:2853203 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2684 |
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| Author |
McHugh, C.P. |
| Title |
Ecology of a semi-isolated population of adult Anopheles freeborni: abundance, trophic status, parity, survivorship, gonotrophic cycle length, and host selection |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
| Volume |
41 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
169-176 |
| Keywords |
Aging/physiology; Animals; Anopheles/*physiology; Breeding; California; Cattle/parasitology; Dogs/parasitology; Ecology; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Female; Horses/parasitology; Host-Parasite Relations; Male; Parity; Population Density; Rabbits/parasitology |
| Abstract |
A population of adult Anopheles freeborni near Sheridan, CA was sampled daily during 13 August-7 September 1984. Data on abundance, trophic status, and gonotrophic age were recorded. Abundance and gonotrophic age data were analyzed to estimate daily survivorship and gonotrophic cycle length. Daily survivorship for unfed mosquitoes was estimated to be 0.72 with a gonotrophic cycle of 6 days duration. Daily survivorship for bloodfed mosquitoes was estimated to be 0.74 with a gonotrophic cycle of 4 days. The 2 day difference in gonotrophic cycles between unfed and bloodfed mosquitoes was the result of the period required for maturation and mating of teneral females. In 1986, an incage release of field-collected females estimated survivorship at 0.75 per day. Precipitin tests of 1,338 blood-engorged mosquito abdomens indicated that bovids, horses, rabbits, and canids comprised 92% of bloodmeals; no bloodmeals of human origin were detected. |
| Address |
Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0002-9637 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:2774063 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2673 |
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| Author |
Konstantinov, S.A.; Veselkin, A.G. |
| Title |
[The intensity and efficiency of a gadfly attack on cattle depending on the number and location of the animals in the herd] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Parazitologiia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Parazitologiia |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3-10 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cattle/*parasitology; Diptera/*physiology; Ecology; Insect Bites and Stings/parasitology/*veterinary; Russia |
| Abstract |
The effect of group was studied on cattle being attacked by horse flies of three genera. The method of simultaneous registrations of attacking horse flies in herds of 8 to 100 animals and on single cows was used. It has been shown that the effect of group reveals itself only when animals in the herd reach a certain minimum number, the effect rate depending on peculiarities of attacking of a given species of bloodsuckers, such as a part of responding individuals, distance of an attack, duration of contact with an object. These parameters tend to change with increasing number of animals in the herd. Therefore differences in the intensity of attacks on herds with different cattle stock cannot be explained proceeding only from differences in the occupied areas. The number of attacking horse flies decreases from the periphery of the herd to its centre and is not the same in different parts of the periphery. The effectiveness of attacking, ie the part of sucking individuals of a given species (genus) from the number of horse flies attacking for a definite period of time, is the highest in a large herd and increases in its ranges from the periphery to the centre. This dependence leads to a more even distribution of sucking individuals as compared to attacking ones. |
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Place of Publication |
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| Language |
Russian |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Intensivnost' i effektivnost' napadeniia slepnei na krupnyi rogatyi skot v zavisimosti ot chisla i mestopolozheniia zhivotnykh v stade |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0031-1847 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:2524028 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2674 |
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| Author |
Scherer, W.F.; Madalengoitia, J.; Flores, W.; Acosta, M. |
| Title |
Ecologic studies of Venezuelan encephalitis virus in Peru during 1970-1971 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
American Journal of Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Epidemiol |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
347-355 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Cricetinae/immunology; Culicidae/microbiology; *Disease Vectors; Ecology; *Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology/isolation & purification; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/immunology/microbiology/transmission; Female; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Horses/immunology; Humans; Neutralization Tests; Peru |
| Abstract |
Venezuelan encephalitis (VE) virus has intermittently produced epidemics and equine epizootics on the dry Pacific coastal plain of Peru since at least the 1930's. However, evidence that the virus exists in the Amazon region of Peru to the east of the Andes mountains was not obtained until antibodies were found in human sera collected in 1965, and 10 strains of the virus were isolated in a forest near the city of Iquitos, Peru during February and March 1971. Eight strains came from mosquitoes and two from dead sentinel hamsters. Three hamsters exposed in forests near Iquitos developed VE virus antibodies suggesting that hamster-benign strains also exist there. Antibody tests of equine sera revealed no evidence that VE virus was actively cycling during the late 1950's or 1960's in southern coastal Peru, where equine epizootics had occurred in the 1930's and 1940's. In northern coastal Peru bordering Ecuador, antibodies were present in equine sera, presumably residual from the 1969 outbreak caused by subtype I virus, since neutralizing antibody titers were higher to subtype I virus than to subtypes III or IV. No VE virus was detected in this northern region during the dry season of 1970 by use of sentinel hamsters. The possibility is considered that VE epidemics and equine epizootics on the Pacific coast of Peru are caused by movements of virus in infected vertebrates traversing Andean passes or in infected vertebrates or mosquitoes carried in airplanes from the Amazon region. |
| Address |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0002-9262 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:235838 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2705 |
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| Author |
Sudia, W.D.; Fernandez, L.; Newhouse, V.F.; Sanz, R.; Calisher, C.H. |
| Title |
Arbovirus vector ecology studies in Mexico during the 1972 Venezuelan equine encephalitis outbreak |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
American Journal of Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Epidemiol |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
51-58 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Arboviruses/isolation & purification; Culicidae/microbiology; Disease Vectors/*microbiology; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/isolation & purification; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/*isolation & purification; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/isolation & purification; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/epidemiology/*transmission/veterinary; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/*transmission; Horses; Insect Vectors/microbiology; Mexico |
| Abstract |
Virus vector studies were conducted in the States of Durango, Chihuahua, and Tamaulipas, Mexico, in June and July 1972. Apparently only a low level of Venzuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus transmission to equines occured at the time of the study, and the infection was restricted to areas which had not experienced overt activity during the preceding year. The low level of infection was associated with a scarcity of mosquitoes. The IB (epidemic) strain of VEE virus was isolated from two pools of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis (Theo.) and the blood of one symptomatic equine. The low mosquito population, the relatively few equine cases observed, and the absence of reports of VEE human disease from the outbreak area suggested VEE virus persistence through a low-level mosquito-equine transmission cycle. Other studies have already indicated that wild vertebrates play no more than a minor role in outbreaks of epidemic VEE. Mosquito collections made in areas of the states of Durango, Chihuahua, and Tamaulipas, where considerable epidemic activity of VEE had occurred in 1971, failed to reveal evidence of VEE virus persistence. Twenty-nine ioslations of other arboviruses were also made in these studies: including 22 of St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE), 2 of Flanders virus, 1 of Turlock virus, 1 of Trivittatus virus of the California Group, 1 of western equine encephalitis virus (VEE), and 2 (from Santa Rose) which possibly represent a hitherto unknown virus in the Bunyamwera Group. These are the first reports of SLE virus isolations from mosquitoes in Mexico, and the first demonstration of Trivittatus, VEE Turlock and Flanders viruses in Mexico from any source. |
| Address |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0002-9262 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:235213 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2706 |
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| Author |
Loyola, E.G.; Rodriguez, M.H.; Gonzalez, L.; Arredondo, J.I.; Bown, D.N.; Vaca, M.A. |
| Title |
Effect of indoor residual spraying of DDT and bendiocarb on the feeding patterns of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis in Mexico |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Mosq Control Assoc |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
635-640 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Anopheles/*physiology; *Carbamates; Cattle; *Ddt; Ecology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects; Horses; Humans; Insect Vectors; Insecticide Resistance; *Insecticides; Mexico; *Phenylcarbamates; Seasons |
| Abstract |
Intense and persistent use of DDT for malaria control has increased resistance and induced exophilic behavior of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis. An evaluation of bendiocarb and DDT to control this species in Sinaloa, Mexico, showed that, in spite of DDT-resistance, both insecticides produced similar effects. Feeding patterns were analyzed to explain these results. Resting mosquitoes were collected over the dry and wet seasons. Anophelines were tested in an ELISA to determine the source of the meals. The human blood index (HBI) ranged from 3.3 to 6.8% in DDT- and from 12.7 to 26.9% in bendiocarb-sprayed houses. Irritability and repellency in DDT-sprayed houses could explain the reduced HBI. In contrast, bendiocarb produced higher mortality. These effects could have affected different components of the vectorial capacity and similarly reduced malaria. |
| Address |
Center for Malaria Research, Chiapas, Mexico |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
8756-971X |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:2098469 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2671 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Wang, L.Y. |
| Title |
Host preference of mosquito vectors of Japanese encephalitis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Zhonghua Minguo wei Sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese Journal of Microbiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zhonghua Min Guo Wei Sheng Wu Xue Za Zhi |
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
274-279 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Birds/blood; *Culex; Ecology; Encephalitis, Japanese/*transmission; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; *Insect Vectors; Mammals/blood; Species Specificity; Taiwan |
| Abstract |
The host preference of 4 Culex mosquito species collected in Miaoli and Pingtung counties, Taiwan was studied by capillary precipitin method. Antisera to alum-precipitated sera of man, bovine, swine, rabbit, horse, dog, cat, mouse, chicken, duck, and pigeon were produced in rabbits and reacted with 758 mosquito blood meals among which reactions to one or more antisera. Culex annulus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus summorosus showed a great avidity for pig, and Culex fuscocephala for bovine. Culex pipiens fatigans was ornithophilic. None of 110 C. t. summorosus and 2.4% of 223 C. annulus had fed on man. Among 66 samples of C.p. fatigans tested 10.3% had fed on man, while none of 359 C. fuscocephala did. It seems that the latter does not act as a primary vector of Japanese encephalitis. |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0009-4587 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:181218 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2702 |
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| Author |
Neiworth, J.J.; Hassett, J.M.; Sylvester, C.J. |
| Title |
Face processing in humans and new world monkeys: the influence of experiential and ecological factors |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
125-134 |
| Keywords |
Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Ecology; *Face; Female; Humans; Male; Pan troglodytes/*physiology; Species Specificity; Visual Perception/*physiology |
| Abstract |
This study tests whether the face-processing system of humans and a nonhuman primate species share characteristics that would allow for early and quick processing of socially salient stimuli: a sensitivity toward conspecific faces, a sensitivity toward highly practiced face stimuli, and an ability to generalize changes in the face that do not suggest a new identity, such as a face differently oriented. The look rates by adult tamarins and humans toward conspecific and other primate faces were examined to determine if these characteristics are shared. A visual paired comparison (VPC) task presented subjects with either a human face, chimpanzee face, tamarin face, or an object as a sample, and then a pair containing the previous stimulus and a novel stimulus was presented. The stimuli were either presented all in an upright orientation, or all in an inverted orientation. The novel stimulus in the pair was either an orientation change of the same face/object or a new example of the same type of face/object, and the stimuli were shown either in an upright orientation or in an inverted orientation. Preference to novelty scores revealed that humans attended most to novel individual human faces, and this effect decreased significantly if the stimuli were inverted. Tamarins showed preferential looking toward novel orientations of previously seen tamarin faces in the upright orientation, but not in an inverted orientation. Similarly, their preference to look longer at novel tamarin and human faces within the pair was reduced significantly with inverted stimuli. The results confirmed prior findings in humans that novel human faces generate more attention in the upright than in the inverted orientation. The monkeys also attended more to faces of conspecifics, but showed an inversion effect to orientation change in tamarin faces and to identity changes in tamarin and human faces. The results indicate configural processing restricted to particular kinds of primate faces by a New World monkey species, with configural processing influenced by life experience (human faces and tamarin faces) and specialized to process orientation changes specific to conspecific faces. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA. jneiwort@carleton.edu |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1435-9448 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:16909230 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2454 |
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| Author |
Munoz-Sanz, A. |
| Title |
[Christopher Columbus flu. A hypothesis for an ecological catastrophe] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiologia Clinica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
326-334 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Atlantic Islands; Birds; Chickens; Disease Outbreaks/*history; Disease Reservoirs; Disease Susceptibility; Ecology; Europe/ethnology; History, 15th Century; Horses; Humans; Indians, South American; Influenza A virus/classification/genetics/pathogenicity; Influenza in Birds/epidemiology/history/transmission/virology; Influenza, Human/epidemiology/*history/mortality/transmission; Models, Biological; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/epidemiology/history/veterinary/virology; Poultry Diseases/epidemiology/history/transmission/virology; Reassortant Viruses/genetics/pathogenicity; Species Specificity; Sus scrofa; Swine Diseases/history/transmission/virology; Terminology; West Indies/epidemiology |
| Abstract |
When Christopher Columbus and his men embarked on the second Colombian expedition to the New World (1493), the crew suffered from fever, respiratory symptoms and malaise. It is generally accepted that the disease was influenza. Pigs, horses and hens acquired in Gomera (Canary Islands) traveled in the same ship. The pigs may well have been the origin of the flu and the intermediary hosts for genetic recombination of other viral subtypes. The Caribbean archipelago had a large population of birds, the natural reservoir of the avian influenza virus. In this ecological scenario there was a concurrence of several biological elements that had never before coexisted in the New World: pigs, horses, the influenza virus and humans. We propose that birds are likely to have played an important role in the epidemiology of the flu occurring on the second Colombian trip, which caused a fatal demographic catastrophe, with an estimated mortality of 90% among the natives. |
| Address |
Unidad de Patologia Infecciosa, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Servicio Extremeno de Salud, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Espana. infectio@unex.es |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
Spanish |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
La gripe de Cristobal Colon. Hipotesis sobre una catastrofe ecologica |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0213-005X |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:16762260 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2624 |
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| Author |
Ward, M.P.; Ramsay, B.H.; Gallo, K. |
| Title |
Rural cases of equine West Nile virus encephalomyelitis and the normalized difference vegetation index |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
181-188 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Biomass; Cluster Analysis; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary; Ecology; *Geographic Information Systems; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology; Horses; Indiana/epidemiology; Plants; Population Surveillance; Rural Health; Seasons; Topography, Medical/*methods; West Nile Fever/epidemiology/*veterinary |
| Abstract |
Data from an outbreak (August to October, 2002) of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalomyelitis in a population of horses located in northern Indiana was scanned for clusters in time and space. One significant (p = 0.04) cluster of case premises was detected, occurring between September 4 and 10 in the south-west part of the study area (85.70 degrees N, 45.50 degrees W). It included 10 case premises (3.67 case premises expected) within a radius of 2264 m. Image data were acquired by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor onboard a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar-orbiting satellite. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from visible and near-infrared data of daily observations, which were composited to produce a weekly-1km(2) resolution raster image product. During the epidemic, a significant (p < 0.01) decrease (0.025 per week) in estimated NDVI was observed at all case and control premise sites. The median estimated NDVI (0.659) for case premises within the cluster identified was significantly (p < 0.01) greater than the median estimated NDVI for other case (0.571) and control (0.596) premises during the same period. The difference in median estimated NDVI for case premises within this cluster, compared to cases not included in this cluster, was greatest (5.3% and 5.1%, respectively) at 1 and 5 weeks preceding occurrence of the cluster. The NDVI may be useful for identifying foci of WNV transmission. |
| Address |
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. mward@cvm.tamu.edu |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1530-3667 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:16011435 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2627 |
| Permanent link to this record |
