Records |
Author |
Cheney, D.; Seyfarth, R.; Smuts, B. |
Title |
Social relationships and social cognition in nonhuman primates |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
234 |
Issue |
4782 |
Pages |
1361-1366 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Cognition; Female; Male; Pair Bond; Primates/*physiology; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Social Perception |
Abstract |
Complex social relationships among nonhuman primates appear to contribute to individual reproductive success. Experiments with and behavioral observations of natural populations suggest that sophisticated cognitive mechanisms may underlie primate social relationships. Similar capacities are usually less apparent in the nonsocial realm, supporting the view that at least some aspects of primate intelligence evolved to solve the challenges of interacting with conspecifics. |
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English |
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ISSN |
0036-8075 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:3538419 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
349 |
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Author |
Keiper, R.R. |
Title |
Social structure |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1986 |
Publication |
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
465-484 |
Keywords |
Animal Communication; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Animals, Wild; Dominance-Subordination; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; Homing Behavior; *Horses; Male; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior; *Social Dominance |
Abstract |
Socially feral horses live in stable social groups characterized by one adult male, a number of adult females, and their offspring up to 2 years of age. Extra males either live by themselves or with other males in bachelor groups. The bands occupy nondefended home ranges that often overlap. Many abnormal behaviors seen in domestic horses occur because some aspect of their normal social behavior cannot be carried out in captivity. |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0749-0739 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:3492240 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
675 |
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Author |
Levin, L.E.; Grillet, M.E. |
Title |
[Diversified leadership: a social solution of problems in schools of fish] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Acta Cientifica Venezolana |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Cient Venez |
Volume |
39 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
175-180 |
Keywords |
Animals; Fishes; *Leadership; Reversal Learning/*physiology; *Social Behavior |
Abstract |
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Language |
Spanish |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Liderazgo diversificado: una solucion social de problemas en el cardumen |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0001-5504 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:3251383 |
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no |
Call Number |
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Serial |
2045 |
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Author |
Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. |
Title |
The representation of social relations by monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cognition |
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
167-196 |
Keywords |
Animals; Cercopithecus aethiops/*psychology; Concept Formation; *Dominance-Subordination; Female; Macaca fascicularis/*psychology; Male; *Social Behavior; *Social Environment |
Abstract |
Monkeys recognize the social relations that exist among others in their group. They know who associates with whom, for example, and other animals' relative dominance ranks. In addition, monkeys appear to compare types of social relations and make same/different judgments about them. In captivity, longtailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) trained to recognize the relation between one adult female and her offspring can identify the same relation among other mother-offspring pairs, and distinguish this relation from bonds between individuals who are related in a different way. In the wild, if a vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) has seen a fight between a member of its own family and a member of Family X, this increases the likelihood that it will act aggressively toward another member of Family X. Vervets act as if they recognize some similarity between their own close associates and the close associates of others. To make such comparisons the monkeys must have some way of representing the properties of social relationships. We discuss the adaptive value of such representations, the information they contain, their structure, and their limitations. |
Address |
Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104 |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0010-0277 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:2269006 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
702 |
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Author |
Cancedda, M. |
Title |
[Social and behavioral organization of horses on the Giara (Sardinia): distribution and aggregation] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale |
Abbreviated Journal |
Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper |
Volume |
66 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1089-1096 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Animals, Wild/physiology/psychology; Environment; Female; *Horses/physiology/psychology; Italy; Male; Population Density; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Water |
Abstract |
In this paper some considerations on the environment of the 42 Kmq of the volcanic-basaltic Giara tableland are discussed. Conditioning by the environment and its effect on the distribution of a population of 712 horses is illustrated in view of their social and behavioural organization. |
Address |
Istituto di Fisiologia Generale e Speciale, Universita di Sassari |
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Language |
Italian |
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Original Title |
Introduzione all'organizzazione sociale e comportamentale dei cavallini sulla Giara (Sardegna): distribuzione ed aggregazione |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0037-8771 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:2095819 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
673 |
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Author |
Harcourt, J.L.; Ang, T.Z.; Sweetman, G.; Johnstone, R.A.; Manica, A. |
Title |
Social feedback and the emergence of leaders and followers |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Current Biology : CB |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr Biol |
Volume |
19 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
248-252 |
Keywords |
Analysis of Variance; Animals; Appetitive Behavior/physiology; *Feedback; Great Britain; *Leadership; Markov Chains; Models, Biological; Monte Carlo Method; Smegmamorpha/*physiology; *Social Behavior; Video Recording |
Abstract |
In many animal groups, certain individuals consistently appear at the forefront of coordinated movements [1-4]. How such leaders emerge is poorly understood [5, 6]. Here, we show that in pairs of sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, leadership arises from individual differences in the way that fish respond to their partner's movements. Having first established that individuals differed in their propensity to leave cover in order to look for food, we randomly paired fish of varying boldness, and we used a Markov Chain model to infer the individual rules underlying their joint behavior. Both fish in a pair responded to each other's movements-each was more likely to leave cover if the other was already out and to return if the other had already returned. However, we found that bolder individuals displayed greater initiative and were less responsive to their partners, whereas shyer individuals displayed less initiative but followed their partners more faithfully; they also, as followers, elicited greater leadership tendencies in their bold partners. We conclude that leadership in this case is reinforced by positive social feedback. |
Address |
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0960-9822 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:19185497 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5123 |
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Author |
Holekamp, K.E.; Sakai, S.T.; Lundrigan, B.L. |
Title |
Social intelligence in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci |
Volume |
362 |
Issue |
1480 |
Pages |
523-538 |
Keywords |
Anatomy, Comparative; Animals; Brain/*anatomy & histology; Cercopithecinae/anatomy & histology/*physiology; Decision Making/physiology; Hyaenidae/anatomy & histology/*physiology; *Intelligence; *Recognition (Psychology); *Social Behavior; Species Specificity |
Abstract |
If the large brains and great intelligence characteristic of primates were favoured by selection pressures associated with life in complex societies, then cognitive abilities and nervous systems with primate-like attributes should have evolved convergently in non-primate mammals living in large, elaborate societies in which social dexterity enhances individual fitness. The societies of spotted hyenas are remarkably like those of cercopithecine primates with respect to size, structure and patterns of competition and cooperation. These similarities set an ideal stage for comparative analysis of social intelligence and nervous system organization. As in cercopithecine primates, spotted hyenas use multiple sensory modalities to recognize their kin and other conspecifics as individuals, they recognize third-party kin and rank relationships among their clan mates, and they use this knowledge adaptively during social decision making. However, hyenas appear to rely more intensively than primates on social facilitation and simple rules of thumb in social decision making. No evidence to date suggests that hyenas are capable of true imitation. Finally, it appears that the gross anatomy of the brain in spotted hyenas might resemble that in primates with respect to expansion of frontal cortex, presumed to be involved in the mediation of social behaviour. |
Address |
Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. holekamp@msu.edu |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Editor |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0962-8436 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:17289649 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4719 |
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Author |
Kralj-Fiser, S.; Scheiber, I.B.R.; Blejec, A.; Moestl, E.; Kotrschal, K. |
Title |
Individualities in a flock of free-roaming greylag geese: behavioral and physiological consistency over time and across situations |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Hormones and Behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
Horm Behav |
Volume |
51 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
239-248 |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Corticosterone/metabolism; Feces; Female; Geese/*physiology; Individuality; Male; Personality/*physiology; Population Density; Reproducibility of Results; Seasons; *Social Behavior; Social Environment; Testosterone/*metabolism |
Abstract |
The concept of personality implies individual differences in behavior and physiology that show some degree of repeatability/consistency over time and across contexts. Most studies of animal personality, particularly studies of individuals' variation in physiological mechanisms, have been conducted on selected individuals in controlled conditions. We attempted to detect consistent behaviors as well as physiological patterns in greylag ganders (Anser anser) from a free-roaming flock living in semi-natural conditions. We tested 10 individuals repeatedly, in a handling trial, resembling tests for characterization of “temperaments” in captive animals. We recorded the behavior of the same 10 individuals during four situations in the socially intact flock: (1) a “low density feeding condition”, (2) a “high density feeding condition”, (3) a “low density post-feeding situation” and (4) while the geese rested. We collected fecal samples for determination of excreted immuno-reactive corticosterone (BM) and testosterone metabolites (TM) after handling trials, as well as the “low density feeding” and the “high density feeding” conditions. BM levels were very highly consistent over the repeats of handling trials, and the “low density feeding condition” and tended to be consistent over the first two repeats of the “high density feeding condition”. Also, BM responses tended to be consistent across contexts. Despite seasonal variation, there tended to be inter-test consistency of TM, which pointed to some individual differences in TM as well. Aggressiveness turned out to be a highly repeatable trait, which was consistent across social situations, and tended to correlate with an individual's resistance during handling trials. Also, “proximity to the female partner” and “sociability” – the average number of neighboring geese in a close distance while resting – were consistent. We conclude that aggressiveness, “affiliative tendencies” and levels of excreted corticosterone and testosterone metabolites may be crucial factors of personality in geese. |
Address |
University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical faculty, Slovenia. simona.kralj@guest.arnes.si |
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English |
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ISSN |
0018-506X |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:17196200 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4189 |
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Author |
Koski, S.E.; Koops, K.; Sterck, E.H.M. |
Title |
Reconciliation, relationship quality, and postconflict anxiety: testing the integrated hypothesis in captive chimpanzees |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
American journal of primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Primatol. |
Volume |
69 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
158-172 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Anxiety; *Behavior, Animal; Conflict (Psychology); Female; Male; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; *Social Behavior |
Abstract |
Reconciliation is a conflict resolution mechanism that is common to many gregarious species with individualized societies. Reconciliation repairs the damaged relationship between the opponents and decreases postconflict (PC) anxiety. The “integrated hypothesis” links the quality of the opponents' relationship to PC anxiety, since it proposes that conflicts among partners with high relationship quality will yield high levels of PC anxiety, which in turn will lead to an increased likelihood of reconciliation. We tested the integrated hypothesis in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in the Arnhem Zoo, The Netherlands. We applied the standard PC/matched control (MC) method. Our results mostly support the integrated hypothesis, in that more valuable and compatible partners (i.e., males and frequent groomers) reconciled more often than less valuable and weakly compatible partners (i.e., females and infrequent groomers). In addition, PC anxiety was higher after conflicts among males than among females. Emotional arousal thus appears to be a mediator facilitating reconciliation. However, in contrast to the predictions derived from the integrated hypothesis, PC anxiety appeared only in aggressees, and not in aggressors, of conflicts. This suggests that while relationship quality determines PC anxiety, it is dependent on the role of the participants in the conflict. |
Address |
Department of Behavioural Biology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. s.e.koski@bio.uu.nl |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0275-2565 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:17146788 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
2872 |
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Author |
Biro, D.; Sumpter, D.J.T.; Meade, J.; Guilford, T. |
Title |
From Compromise to Leadership in Pigeon Homing |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Current Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr Biol |
Volume |
16 |
Issue |
21 |
Pages |
2123-2128 |
Keywords |
Animal Migration; Animals; Columbidae/*physiology; Decision Making; *Flight, Animal; *Homing Behavior; Models, Biological; Orientation; *Social Behavior; *Social Dominance |
Abstract |
Summary A central problem faced by animals traveling in groups is how navigational decisions by group members are integrated, especially when members cannot assess which individuals are best informed or have conflicting information or interests , , , and . Pigeons are now known to recapitulate faithfully their individually distinct habitual routes home , and , and this provides a novel paradigm for investigating collective decisions during flight under varying levels of interindividual conflict. Using high-precision GPS tracking of pairs of pigeons, we found that if conflict between two birds' directional preferences was small, individuals averaged their routes, whereas if conflict rose over a critical threshold, either the pair split or one of the birds became the leader. Modeling such paired decision-making showed that both outcomes--compromise and leadership--could emerge from the same set of simple behavioral rules. Pairs also navigated more efficiently than did the individuals of which they were composed, even though leadership was not necessarily assumed by the more efficient bird. In the context of mass migration of birds and other animals, our results imply that simple self-organizing rules can produce behaviors that improve accuracy in decision-making and thus benefit individuals traveling in groups , and . |
Address |
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom. daro.biro@zoo.ox.ac.uk |
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Englisch |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0960-9822 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:17084696 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
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Serial |
2026 |
Permanent link to this record |