Records |
Author |
Packer, C; Heinsohn, R. |
Title |
Response:Lioness leadership |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
271 |
Issue |
5253 |
Pages |
1215-1216 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior; Animal; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Lions/*psychology; Territoriality |
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0036-8075 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jahn1996 |
Serial |
2072 |
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Author |
Gary C. Jahn; Craig Packer,Robert Heinsohn |
Title |
Lioness leadership |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
271 |
Issue |
5253 |
Pages |
1216-1219 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior; Animal; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Lions/*psychology; Territoriality |
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0036-8075 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jahn1996 |
Serial |
2073 |
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Author |
Dawson, B.V.; Foss, B.M. |
Title |
Observational learning in budgerigars |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1965 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
Volume |
13 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
470-474 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Attention; *Behavior, Animal; Birds; *Learning |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2991 |
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Author |
Sterling, E.J.; Povinelli, D.J. |
Title |
Tool use, aye-ayes, and sensorimotor intelligence |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
Volume |
70 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
8-16 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Feeding Behavior; Female; *Intelligence; Male; Problem Solving; *Psychomotor Performance; Strepsirhini/*physiology/psychology |
Abstract |
Humans, chimpanzees, capuchins and aye-ayes all display an unusually high degree of encephalization and diverse omnivorous extractive foraging. It has been suggested that the high degree of encephalization in aye-ayes may be the result of their diverse, omnivorous extractive foraging behaviors. In combination with certain forms of tool use, omnivorous extractive foraging has been hypothesized to be linked to higher levels of sensorimotor intelligence (stages 5 or 6). Although free-ranging aye-ayes have not been observed to use tools directly in the context of their extractive foraging activities, they have recently been reported to use lianas as tools in a manner that independently suggests that they may possess stage 5 or 6 sensorimotor intelligence. Although other primate species which display diverse, omnivorous extractive foraging have been tested for sensorimotor intelligence, aye-ayes have not. We report a test of captive aye-ayes' comprehension of tool use in a situation designed to simulate natural conditions. The results support the view that aye-ayes do not achieve stage 6 comprehension of tool use, but rather may use trial-and-error learning to develop tool-use behaviors. Other theories for aye-aye encephalization are considered. |
Address |
Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Gottingen, Germany |
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English |
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0015-5713 |
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Notes |
PMID:10050062 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4178 |
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Author |
Capitanio, J.P. |
Title |
Personality dimensions in adult male rhesus macaques: prediction of behaviors across time and situation |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
American journal of primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Primatol. |
Volume |
47 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
299-320 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Forecasting; Macaca mulatta/*psychology; Male; *Personality; Psychometrics; Social Behavior |
Abstract |
The idea that consistencies in behavior exist over time and across situations underlies human personality research. Although several studies have examined personality in nonhuman primates, there are very few data showing the predictive power of personality factors. The goal of the present study was to determine whether personality dimensions, identified in adult male rhesus monkeys living in half-acre cages, predicted behavior in situations different from the one from which the dimensions were originally derived and at time points of up to 4.5 years after the original assessments. Four personality dimensions (Sociability, Confidence, Excitability, and Equability) were identified using psychometric procedures and were correlated with behaviors recorded in several situations: the animals' natal groups, during tests of behavioral responsiveness while in individual cages, in small stable and unstable social groups, while viewing stimulus videotapes, and during stable social dyads. Results indicated substantial predictability. Sociability reflected a greater tendency to engage in affiliative interactions. Confidence correlated with more aggressive behaviors and with behaviors that suggest less attractiveness. Animals high in Excitability were somewhat inconsistent in their social behavior, perhaps reflecting hyper-responsiveness to novel circumstances and thwarted opportunities for escape. Equability appeared to be related to a less aggressive, more passive, style of interaction. Excitability and Equability appear to reflect more stylistic components of social behavior, whereas Sociability and Confidence may be more content-based dimensions. Sociability was strongly related to size of kin network in the animals' natal groups, suggesting an important role for ontogeny in this dimension. These data suggest that a limited number of personality dimensions exist in adult male rhesus macaques, and that these dimensions have predictive power that is both long-term and cross situational. |
Address |
Department of Psychology and California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. jpcapitanio@ucdavis.edu |
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ISSN |
0275-2565 |
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Notes |
PMID:10206208 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4116 |
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Author |
Grandin, T. |
Title |
Safe handling of large animals |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Occupational Medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Occup Med |
Volume |
14 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
195-212 |
Keywords |
Accidents, Occupational/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data; Aggression/physiology/psychology; Animal Husbandry/*methods; Animals; *Behavior, Animal/physiology; Cattle; Conditioning, Operant/physiology; Crowding/psychology; Fear/physiology/psychology; Female; *Horses/physiology/psychology; Humans; Male; Movement/physiology; *Occupational Health; Risk Factors; *Ruminants/physiology/psychology |
Abstract |
The major causes of accidents with cattle, horses, and other grazing animals are: panic due to fear, male dominance aggression, or the maternal aggression of a mother protecting her newborn. Danger is inherent when handling large animals. Understanding their behavior patterns improves safety, but working with animals will never be completely safe. Calm, quiet handling and non-slip flooring are beneficial. Rough handling and excessive use of electric prods increase chances of injury to both people and animals, because fearful animals may jump, kick, or rear. Training animals to voluntarily cooperate with veterinary procedures reduces stress and improves safety. Grazing animals have a herd instinct, and a lone, isolated animal can become agitated. Providing a companion animal helps keep an animal calm. |
Address |
Department of Animal Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80526, USA |
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0885-114X |
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Notes |
PMID:10329901 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3793 |
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Author |
Dow, M.; Ewing, A.W.; Sutherland, I. |
Title |
Studies on the behaviour of cyprinodont fish. III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
Volume |
59 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
252-268 |
Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Dominance-Subordination; *Fishes; Humans; Individuality; *Killifishes; Male; Time Factors |
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0005-7959 |
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PMID:1035107 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4151 |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B. |
Title |
Cultural primatology comes of age |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6737 |
Pages |
635-636 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Culture; Humans; Pan troglodytes/*physiology |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:10385107 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
196 |
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Author |
Parr, L.A.; de Waal, F.B. |
Title |
Visual kin recognition in chimpanzees |
Type |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6737 |
Pages |
647-648 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Face; Female; Male; Pan troglodytes/*physiology |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:10385114 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
195 |
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Author |
Whiten, A.; Goodall, J.; McGrew, W.C.; Nishida, T.; Reynolds, V.; Sugiyama, Y.; Tutin, C.E.; Wrangham, R.W.; Boesch, C. |
Title |
Cultures in chimpanzees |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6737 |
Pages |
682-685 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Culture; Humans; Pan troglodytes/*physiology; Species Specificity |
Abstract |
As an increasing number of field studies of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) have achieved long-term status across Africa, differences in the behavioural repertoires described have become apparent that suggest there is significant cultural variation. Here we present a systematic synthesis of this information from the seven most long-term studies, which together have accumulated 151 years of chimpanzee observation. This comprehensive analysis reveals patterns of variation that are far more extensive than have previously been documented for any animal species except humans. We find that 39 different behaviour patterns, including tool usage, grooming and courtship behaviours, are customary or habitual in some communities but are absent in others where ecological explanations have been discounted. Among mammalian and avian species, cultural variation has previously been identified only for single behaviour patterns, such as the local dialects of song-birds. The extensive, multiple variations now documented for chimpanzees are thus without parallel. Moreover, the combined repertoire of these behaviour patterns in each chimpanzee community is itself highly distinctive, a phenomenon characteristic of human cultures but previously unrecognised in non-human species. |
Address |
Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, UK |
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0028-0836 |
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PMID:10385119 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
742 |
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