| Records |
| Author |
Mitman, G. |
| Title |
Dominance, leadership, and aggression: animal behavior studies during the Second World War |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Hist Behav Sci |
| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3-16 |
| Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; *Dominance-Subordination; History, 20th Century; *Leadership; Political Systems; *Social Dominance; United States |
| Abstract |
During the decade surrounding the Second World War, an extensive literature on the biological and psychological basis of aggression surfaced in America, a literature that in general emphasized the significance of learning and environment in the origins of aggressive behavior. Focusing on the animal behavior research of Warder Clyde Allee and John Paul Scott, this paper examines the complex interplay among conceptual, institutional, and societal forces that created and shaped a discourse on the subjects of aggression, dominance, and leadership within the context of World War II. The distinctions made between sexual and social dominance during this period, distinctions accentuated by the threat of totalitarianism abroad, and the varying ways that interpretations of behavior could be negotiated attests to the multiplicity of interactions that influence the development of scientific research. |
| Address |
University of Wisconsin |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0022-5061 |
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| Notes |
PMID:2405050 |
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no |
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Serial |
2044 |
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| Author |
Levin, L.E.; Grillet, M.E. |
| Title |
[Diversified leadership: a social solution of problems in schools of fish] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Acta Cientifica Venezolana |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Cient Venez |
| Volume |
39 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
175-180 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Fishes; *Leadership; Reversal Learning/*physiology; *Social Behavior |
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| Language |
Spanish |
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Original Title |
Liderazgo diversificado: una solucion social de problemas en el cardumen |
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| ISSN |
0001-5504 |
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| Notes |
PMID:3251383 |
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no |
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Serial |
2045 |
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| Author |
Mori, U. |
| Title |
Ecological and sociological studies of gelada baboons. Individual relationships within a unit |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Contributions to Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Contrib Primatol |
| Volume |
16 |
Issue |
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Pages |
93-124 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Female; Grooming; *Haplorhini; *Leadership; Male; Paternal Behavior; *Social Behavior; *Theropithecus |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0301-4231 |
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| Notes |
PMID:101345 |
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no |
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Serial |
2046 |
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| Author |
Dunbar, R.I.; Dunbar, E.P. |
| Title |
Contrasts in social structure among black-and-white colobus monkey groups |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
84-92 |
| Keywords |
Agonistic Behavior; Animals; *Colobus; Copulation; Female; *Haplorhini; *Hierarchy, Social; Male; *Social Dominance |
| Abstract |
Three types of Colobus guereza groups may be distinguished on the bases of size and composition, namely small one-male groups, large, one-male groups and multi-male groups. The social structure of each type of group is described in terms of the distribution of non-agonistic interactions, the frequency and distribution of agonistic behaviour and the organization of the roles of vigilance, territorial defence and leadership. A number of differences are found between the group types which appear to be related to the differences in group size and composition. It is suggested that these group types represent stages in the life-cycle of colobus groups, and that such an interpretation may help to resolve some of the conflicting reports in the literature. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0003-3472 |
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| Notes |
PMID:817624 |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2049 |
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| Author |
Hrdy, S.B. |
| Title |
Male-male competition and infanticide among the langurs (Presbytis entellus) of Abu, Rajasthan |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1974 |
Publication |
Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
19-58 |
| Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Coitus; *Competitive Behavior; Estrus; Feeding Behavior; Female; *Haplorhini; Homing Behavior; Humans; India; Infanticide; Leadership; Male; Maternal Behavior; Population Density; Pregnancy; Rain; Seasons; Sex Factors; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Behavior; Temperature; Vocalization, Animal |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0015-5713 |
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| Notes |
PMID:4215710 |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2051 |
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| Author |
Meese, G.B.; Ewbank, R. |
| Title |
Exploratory behaviour and leadership in the domesticated pig |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1973 |
Publication |
The British Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Br. Vet. J. |
| Volume |
129 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
251-259 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Domestic; Behavior, Animal; Castration; *Exploratory Behavior; Female; *Leadership; Male; Sex Factors; Social Behavior; *Swine |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0007-1935 |
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| Notes |
PMID:4728194 |
Approved |
no |
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Serial |
2052 |
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| Author |
Saayman, G.S. |
| Title |
Behaviour of the adult males in a troop of free-ranging Chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
36-57 |
| Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Grooming; *Haplorhini; Homing Behavior; Humans; Leadership; Male; Papio; Pregnancy; Sex Factors; *Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Dominance |
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English |
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0015-5713 |
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| Notes |
PMID:5003339 |
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no |
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Serial |
2053 |
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| Author |
Millspaugh, J.J.; Brundige, G.C.; Gitzen, R.A.; Raedeke, K.J. |
| Title |
Herd organization of cow elk in Custer State Park, South Dakota |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Wildlife Society Bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wildl Soc Bull |
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
506-514 |
| Keywords |
Cervus elaphus nelsoni, home range, kernel, Rocky Mountain Elk, social organization, subherd, utilization distribution, volume of intersection |
| Abstract |
nderstanding herd organization is important when considering management alternatives designed to benefit or manipulate elk (Cervus elaphus) populations. We studied the seasonal and annual herd organization of cow elk in Custer State Park, South Dakota from 1993-1997 by examining seasonal subherd range size, spatial arrangement, overlap, and site fidelity. Based on social interaction analyses, we combined locations of radiocol-lared cow elk to delineate subherds. We computed 95% kernel home ranges with least-squares cross validation for each subherd by season and year. Subherd overlap and fidelity by season and year were computed using the Volume of Intersection Index (VI) statistic. We identified 5 relatively discrete, resident cow-calf subherds. We observed little overlap in utilization distributions of adjacent subherds. The mean VI score across all subherds and time points (n=140) was 0.06 (SE=0.009), indicating an average 6% overlap in subherd area utilization. Subherd overlap between pairs was 0.08 in fall (SE= 0.021), 0.06 in winter (SE=0.018), 0.06 in spring (SE=0.2), and 0.05 in summer (SE= 0.016). Range sizes were not different between any pairs of seasons or years (F13,52=0.7, P=0.75). Subherd fidelity ranged from 0.41 (SE=0.033) to 0.60 (SE=0.018) overall, indicating differential use within the subherd boundary across years. The ability to distinguish discrete cow-calf subherd units is consistent with other studies and may aid elk management in Custer State Park. However, use patterns within subherd boundaries were inconsistent across years and may reflect human disturbances (e.g., hunting and logging activities), differences in our sampling approach, or changes in matriarchal leadership. Further evaluation into factors affecting space-use patterns is necessary to predict changes in range use within the subherd boundary. |
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no |
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Serial |
2065 |
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| Author |
Levin, L.E. |
| Title |
Passage order through different pathways in groups of schooling fish, and the diversified leadership hypothesis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
37 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-8 |
| Keywords |
Animal sociality; Inter-individual variability; Aggregation-dispersion; Group problem solving |
| Abstract |
The diversified leadership hypothesis proposes that different individuals within a school of fish act as leaders in different circumstances. This `circumstantial leadership' results from inter-individual behavioral variability and a `cohesion-dispersion' tendency modulated by `failure-success' contingencies. The hypothesis predicts that when offered different pathways to escape the restriction of their swimming space, individuals within a group of fish will show 1. (a) consistent passage orders in each pathway, but2. (b) different passage orders in different pathways. Using an avoidance paddle and three different groups of fish (Aphyocharax erithrurus) the results confirmed prediction 1. (a) while prediction2. (b) was verified only in one group. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ room B 3.029 |
Serial |
2069 |
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| Author |
Barnard, C.J.; Luo, N. |
| Title |
Acquisition of dominance status affects maze learning in mice |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
60 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
53-59 |
| Keywords |
Social status; Learning; Radial maze; Mouse |
| Abstract |
Learning is likely to be costly and thus subject to trade-off with other components of life history. An obvious prediction, therefore, is that investment in learning, and thus learning performance, will vary with individual life history strategy and the reproductive value of the learning outcome. We tested this idea in the context of social dominance in male laboratory mice, using a simple radial maze paradigm to compare the ability of high- and low-ranking male mice to track changing food location. We tested animals in randomly selected pairs before and after establishing aggressive rank relationships to distinguish intrinsic differences in learning ability from those attributable to acquiring high or low rank. There was no difference in learning between later dominants and subordinates prior to establishing rank relationships. After pairing, however, dominants showed a significantly greater percentage of correct responses, with the difference being greatest earlier in a sequence of trials. The percentage of correct responses also increased with the amount of aggression initiated during pairing. The results thus appeared to reflect a state-dependent change in learning associated with the aggressive social relationships formed during pairing. |
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2075 |
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