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Author |
Weir, A.A.S.; Chappell, J.; Kacelnik, A. |
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Title |
Shaping of hooks in New Caledonian crows |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
297 |
Issue |
5583 |
Pages |
981 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; Female; Male; Songbirds/*physiology |
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Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:12169726 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2842 |
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Author |
Pennisi, E. |
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Title |
Schizophrenia clues from monkeys |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
277 |
Issue |
5328 |
Pages |
900 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology; Behavior, Animal/drug effects; *Cercopithecus aethiops; Clozapine/pharmacology; Cognition/drug effects; *Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine/*metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology; Memory/drug effects; Phencyclidine/*pharmacology; Prefrontal Cortex/*metabolism; Schizophrenia/chemically induced/drug therapy/*metabolism; Schizophrenic Psychology |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:9281070 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2844 |
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Author |
Williams, N. |
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Title |
Evolutionary psychologists look for roots of cognition |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
275 |
Issue |
5296 |
Pages |
29-30 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Birds; *Cognition; *Evolution; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta/psychology; Male; Memory; Reward; *Social Sciences |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:8999531 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2845 |
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Author |
Real, L.A. |
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Title |
Animal choice behavior and the evolution of cognitive architecture |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
253 |
Issue |
5023 |
Pages |
980-986 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Bees/genetics/*physiology; Biomechanics; *Choice Behavior; *Cognition; *Evolution; Mathematics; Models, Genetic; Probability |
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Abstract |
Animals process sensory information according to specific computational rules and, subsequently, form representations of their environments that form the basis for decisions and choices. The specific computational rules used by organisms will often be evolutionarily adaptive by generating higher probabilities of survival, reproduction, and resource acquisition. Experiments with enclosed colonies of bumblebees constrained to foraging on artificial flowers suggest that the bumblebee's cognitive architecture is designed to efficiently exploit floral resources from spatially structured environments given limits on memory and the neuronal processing of information. A non-linear relationship between the biomechanics of nectar extraction and rates of net energetic gain by individual bees may account for sensitivities to both the arithmetic mean and variance in reward distributions in flowers. Heuristic rules that lead to efficient resource exploitation may also lead to subjective misperception of likelihoods. Subjective probability formation may then be viewed as a problem in pattern recognition subject to specific sampling schemes and memory constraints. |
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Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-3280 |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:1887231 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2846 |
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Author |
Galdikas, B.M. |
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Title |
Orangutan tool use |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
243 |
Issue |
4888 |
Pages |
152 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Hominidae; Humans; *Pongo pygmaeus |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:2911726 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2847 |
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Author |
Linton, M.L. |
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Title |
Washoe the chimpanzee |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
169 |
Issue |
943 |
Pages |
328 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cognition; Cultural Deprivation; *Hominidae; Humans; Infant; *Language Development; Psychology, Comparative |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:5450363 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2849 |
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Author |
Gomez, J.-C. |
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Title |
Species comparative studies and cognitive development |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
118-125 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Attention/physiology; Brain/*growth & development; Child, Preschool; Cognition/*physiology; Concept Formation/physiology; Dogs; Evolution; Fixation, Ocular; Gorilla gorilla; Humans; Infant; Learning/*physiology; Macaca mulatta; Mental Recall/physiology; Personal Construct Theory; Psychomotor Performance/physiology; Species Specificity |
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Abstract |
The comparative study of infant development and animal cognition brings to cognitive science the promise of insights into the nature and origins of cognitive skills. In this article, I review a recent wave of comparative studies conducted with similar methodologies and similar theoretical frameworks on how two core components of human cognition--object permanence and gaze following--develop in different species. These comparative findings call for an integration of current competing accounts of developmental change. They further suggest that evolution has produced developmental devices capable at the same time of preserving core adaptive components, and opening themselves up to further adaptive change, not only in interaction with the external environment, but also in interaction with other co-developing cognitive systems. |
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Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY15 9JU, UK |
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ISSN |
1364-6613 |
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PMID:15737820 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2851 |
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Author |
Landsberg, G.; Araujo, J.A. |
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Title |
Behavior problems in geriatric pets |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
675-698 |
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Keywords |
Aging/*pathology/physiology/*psychology; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cats/*physiology/psychology; Cognition/physiology; Diagnosis, Differential; Dogs/*physiology/psychology; Preventive Medicine |
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Abstract |
Aging pets often suffer a decline in cognitive function (eg, memory,learning, perception, awareness) likely associated with age-dependent brain alterations. Clinically, cognitive dysfunction may result in various behavioral signs, including disorientation; forgetting of previously learned behaviors, such as house training; alterations in the manner in which the pet interacts with people or other pets;onset of new fears and anxiety; decreased recognition of people, places, or pets; and other signs of deteriorating memory and learning ability. Many medical problems, including other forms of brain pathologic conditions, can contribute to these signs. The practitioner must first determine the cause of the behavioral signs and then determine an appropriate course of treatment, bearing in mind the constraints of the aging process. A diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction syndrome is made once other medical and behavioral causes are ruled out. |
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Doncaster Animal Clinic, 99 Henderson Avenue, Thornhill, Ontario L3T2K9, Canada. gmlandvm@aol.com |
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0195-5616 |
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PMID:15833565 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2855 |
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Author |
Kirkwood, J.K. |
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Title |
Animal minds and animal welfare |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
The Veterinary Record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
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Volume |
146 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
327 |
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Keywords |
*Animal Welfare; Animals; Animals, Domestic/*psychology; *Cognition; Consciousness; Veterinary Medicine/standards |
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ISSN |
0042-4900 |
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PMID:10766123 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2856 |
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Author |
Matsushima, T.; Izawa, E.-I.; Aoki, N.; Yanagihara, S. |
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Title |
The mind through chick eyes: memory, cognition and anticipation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Zoological Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zoolog Sci |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
395-408 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Birds/anatomy & histology/*physiology; Brain/anatomy & histology/cytology/physiology; Cognition/*physiology; Memory/*physiology; Perception/physiology |
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Abstract |
To understand the animal mind, we have to reconstruct how animals recognize the external world through their own eyes. For the reconstruction to be realistic, explanations must be made both in their proximate causes (brain mechanisms) as well as ultimate causes (evolutionary backgrounds). Here, we review recent advances in the behavioral, psychological, and system-neuroscience studies accomplished using the domestic chick as subjects. Diverse behavioral paradigms are compared (such as filial imprinting, sexual imprinting, one-trial passive avoidance learning, and reinforcement operant conditioning) in their behavioral characterizations (development, sensory and motor aspects of functions, fitness gains) and relevant brain mechanisms. We will stress that common brain regions are shared by these distinct paradigms, particularly those in the ventral telencephalic structures such as AIv (in the archistriatum) and LPO (in the medial striatum). Neuronal ensembles in these regions could code the chick's anticipation for forthcoming events, particularly the quality/quantity and the temporal proximity of rewards. Without the internal representation of the anticipated proximity in LPO, behavioral tolerance will be lost, and the chick makes impulsive choice for a less optimized option. Functional roles of these regions proved compatible with their anatomical counterparts in the mammalian brain, thus suggesting that the neural systems linking between the memorized past and the anticipated future have remained highly conservative through the evolution of the amniotic vertebrates during the last 300 million years. With the conservative nature in mind, research efforts should be oriented toward a unifying theory, which could explain behavioral deviations from optimized foraging, such as “naive curiosity,” “contra-freeloading,” “Concorde fallacy,” and “altruism.” |
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Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan. matusima@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp |
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0289-0003 |
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PMID:12719641 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2858 |
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