| Records |
| Author |
Barnes, H.G.; Tucker, R.L.; Grant, B.D.; Roberts, G.D.; Prades, M. |
| Title |
Lag screw stabilization of a cervical vertebral fracture by use of computed tomography in a horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Vet Med Assoc |
| Volume |
206 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
221-223 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Bone Screws/*veterinary; Cervical Vertebrae/*injuries/surgery; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods/*veterinary; Horses/*injuries/surgery; Male; Spinal Fractures/surgery/*veterinary; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary |
| Abstract |
A traumatic fracture of C2 was diagnosed radiographically in a 1-year-old German Warm-blood stallion. Fracture configuration was difficult to see on survey radiographs. Computed tomography yielded a more accurate assessment of the fracture and facilitated fracture repair with cortical lag screws. Precise screw placement, to avoid spinal cord damage, was obtained by use of computed tomography. Follow-up radiography revealed normal bone healing, and the horse was in dressage schooling 24 months after surgery. |
| Address |
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6610 |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0003-1488 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:7751226 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3744 |
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| Author |
Loveland, K.A. |
| Title |
Self-recognition in the bottlenose dolphin: ecological considerations |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Consciousness and Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conscious Cogn |
| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
254-257 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Attention; *Awareness; Body Image; Dolphins/*psychology; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Male; *Self Concept; *Social Environment; Species Specificity; Television; *Visual Perception |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77025, USA |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1053-8100 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:8521267 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4161 |
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| Author |
Hart, D.; Whitlow, J.W.J. |
| Title |
The experience of self in the bottlenose dolphin |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Consciousness and Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conscious Cogn |
| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
244-247 |
| Keywords |
Animal Communication; Animals; *Awareness; Body Image; Dolphins/*psychology; Female; Humans; Male; *Self Concept; Social Behavior; Species Specificity; *Television; *Visual Perception |
| Abstract |
Marten and Psarakos have presented some evidence which suggests that objective self-awareness and possibly representations of self may characterize the dolphins' experience of self. Their research demonstrates the possibility of similarities in the sense of self between primate species and dolphins, although whether dolphins have subjective self-awareness, personal memories, and theories of self--all important facets of the sense of self in humans--was not examined. Clearly, even this limited evidence was difficult to achieve; the difficulties in adapting methods and coding behavior are quite apparent in their report. Future progress, however, may depend upon clarification of what are the necessary components for a sense of self and an explication of how these might be reflected in dolphin behavior. We are mindful of the authors' point (pp. 219 and 220) that the dolphin lives more in an acoustic than a visual environment. Thus, while tasks relying upon vision may reveal the presence or absence of the sense of self in primates, it might well be the case that in dolphins self-related experiences might be better revealed in auditory tasks. But then, what is the nature of human self-awareness in terms of audition? While both conceptual and methodological hurdles remain, Marten and Psarakos have demonstrated that important questions can be asked about the minds and phenomenal worlds of nonanthropoid species. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Camden, New Jersey 08102, USA |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1053-8100 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:8521264 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4162 |
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| Author |
Anderson, J.R. |
| Title |
Self-recognition in dolphins: credible cetaceans; compromised criteria, controls, and conclusions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Consciousness and Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conscious Cogn |
| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
239-243 |
| Keywords |
Animal Communication; Animals; *Awareness; Discrimination Learning; Dolphins/*psychology; Female; Male; Orientation; *Self Concept; Social Behavior; *Television; *Visual Perception |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
Laboratoire de Psychophysiologie, CNRS URA 1295, Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1053-8100 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:8521263 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4163 |
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| Author |
Marten, K.; Psarakos, S. |
| Title |
Using self-view television to distinguish between self-examination and social behavior in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Consciousness and Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conscious Cogn |
| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
205-224 |
| Keywords |
Animal Communication; Animals; *Attention; Discrimination Learning; Dolphins/*psychology; Female; Male; *Self Concept; *Social Behavior; *Television; *Visual Perception |
| Abstract |
In mirror mark tests dolphins twist, posture, and engage in open-mouth and head movements, often repetitive. Because postures and an open mouth are also dolphin social behaviors, we used self-view television as a manipulatable mirror to distinguish between self-examination and social behavior. Two dolphins were exposed to alternating real-time self-view (“mirror mode”) and playback of the same to determine if they distinguished between them. The adult male engaged in elaborate open-mouth behaviors in mirror mode, but usually just watched when played back the same material. Mirror mode behavior was also compared to interacting with real dolphins (controls). Mark tests were conducted, as well as switches from front to side self-views to see if the dolphins turned. They presented marked areas to the self-view television and turned. The results suggest self-examination over social behavior. |
| Address |
Earthtrust, Kailua, Hawaii 96734, USA |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1053-8100 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:8521259 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4164 |
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| Author |
Ishida, N.; Oyunsuren, T.; Mashima, S.; Mukoyama, H.; Saitou, N. |
| Title |
Mitochondrial DNA sequences of various species of the genus Equus with special reference to the phylogenetic relationship between Przewalskii's wild horse and domestic horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of Molecular Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Mol Evol |
| Volume |
41 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
180-188 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Base Sequence; Chromosomes; Conserved Sequence/genetics; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics; Evolution; Genetic Variation/*genetics; Horses/*genetics; Molecular Sequence Data; *Phylogeny; RNA, Transfer, Pro/genetics; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA |
| Abstract |
The noncoding region between tRNAPro and the large conserved sequence block is the most variable region in the mammalian mitochondrial DNA D-loop region. This variable region (ca. 270 bp) of four species of Equus, including Mongolian and Japanese native domestic horses as well as Przewalskii's (or Mongolian) wild horse, were sequenced. These data were compared with our recently published Thoroughbred horse mitochondrial DNA sequences. The evolutionary rate of this region among the four species of Equus was estimated to be 2-4 x 10(-8) per site per year. Phylogenetic trees of Equus species demonstrate that Przewalskii's wild horse is within the genetic variation among the domestic horse. This suggests that the chromosome number change (probably increase) of the Przewalskii's wild horse occurred rather recently. |
| Address |
Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo |
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English |
Summary Language |
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| ISSN |
0022-2844 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:7666447 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5042 |
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| Author |
Connor, R.C. |
| Title |
Altruism among non-relatives: alternatives to the 'Prisoner's Dilemma' |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Trends in Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Ecol Evol |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
84-86 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Triver's model of reciprocal altruism, and its descendants based on the Prisoner's Dilemma model, have dominated thinking about cooperation and altruism between non-relatives. However, there are three alternative models of altruism directed to non-relatives. These models, which are not based on the Prisoner's Dilemma, may explain a variety of phenomena, from allogrooming among impala to helping by non-relatives in cooperatively breeding birds and mammals. |
| Address |
Division of Biological Sciences and The Michigan Society of Fellows, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, 48109, USA |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0169-5347 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:21236964 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5407 |
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| Author |
Mesterton-Gibbons, M.; Dugatkin, L.A. |
| Title |
Toward a theory of dominance hierarchies: effects of assessment, group size, and variation in fighting ability |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
416-423 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
We introduce assessment to the analysis of dominance hierarchies by exploring the effect of an evolutionarily stable fighting rule when there is variation in resource holding potential (RHP) and RHP is not a perfectly reliable predictor of the outcome of a fight. With assessment, the probability of a linear hierarchy decreases with group size but can remain appreciable for groups of up to seven or eight individuals, whereas it decreases virtually to zero if there is no assessment. The probability of a hierarchy that correlates perfectly with RHP is low unless group size is small. |
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| Notes |
10.1093/beheco/6.4.416 |
Approved |
no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
447 |
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| Author |
Dugatkin, L.A.; Hoglund, J. |
| Title |
Delayed breeding and the evolution of mate copying in lekking species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Journal of Theoretical Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Theor. Biol. |
| Volume |
174 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
261-267 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Recent experimental evidence indicates that females may copy the mate choice of others. Here, we present a model for the evolution of mate copying strategies in lekking species. In the model, all females (copiers and non-copiers) assess male quality, but a copier's assessment of a male's quality increases after males have mated with other females. The model demonstrates that mate copying is favored when breeding late in the season has a relatively high cost. We hope that our results will spur empirical work quantifying the time constraints associated with breeding, thus allowing more direct tests of the model's predictions. |
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Approved |
no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
482 |
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| Author |
Godin, J.-G.J.; Dugatkin, L.A. |
| Title |
Variability and repeatability of female mating preference in the guppy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
| Volume |
49 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1427-1433 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Models of inter-sexual selection generally assume heritable variation in mating preferences among females within populations. However, little is known about the nature of such variation. The aim of this study was to characterize quantitatively the phenotypic variation in female preference for a sexually selected male trait, body colour pattern, within a population of the Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Significantly more female guppies preferred the more brightly coloured of two similar-sized males presented simultaneously as potential mates. Mating preference scores for individual females were significantly and positively correlated between two repeated trials on successive days. Females were thus individually consistent in their particular choice of mates, and the calculated repeatability of their mating preference was relatively high. Notwithstanding the aforementioned, significant variation existed among females in the degree of their preference for brightly coloured males. Individual mating preference scores were not normally distributed, but were rather skewed to the right (i.e. towards greater values). These results suggest that additive genetic variation for mating preferences based on male colour pattern is maintained, and the opportunity for the further evolution of both bright male colour patterns and female preference for this trait appears to exist in the study population from the Quare River, Trinidad. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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492 |
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