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Author |
Rubenstein Di, |
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Title |
Islands and their effects on the social organization of feral horses |
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1978 |
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ABS Symp |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1523 |
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Author |
Rubenstein, D. I.; Hack, M. A. |
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Title |
Horse signals: The sounds and scents of fury |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
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Evolutionary Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Evol. Ecol. |
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6 |
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3 |
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254-260 |
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ommunication – combat – fighting ability – individual identity – signals – information – assessment – displays |
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During contests animals typically exchange information about fighting ability. Among feral horses these signals involve olfactory or acoustical elements and each type can effectively terminate contests before physical contact becomes necessary. Dung transplant experiments show that for stallions, irrespective of rank, olfactory signals such as dung sniffing encode information about familiarity suggesting that such signals can be used as signatures. As such they can provide indirect information about fighting ability as long as opponents associate identity with past performance. Play-back experiments, however, show that vocalizations, such as squeals, directly provide information about status regardless of stallion familiarity. Sonographs reveal that squeals of dominants are longer than those of subordinates and that only those of dominants have at their onset high-frequency components. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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506 |
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Author |
Ginsberg, J. R; Rubenstein, D. I. |
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Title |
Sperm competiton and variation in zebra mating behaviour |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
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Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
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26 |
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6 |
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427-434 |
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Data are presented on the breeding behavior of two zebra species to test whether intra- and interspecific variation in male reproductive behavior and physiology are correlated with differences in female promiscuity. In one species, plains zebra (Equus burchelli) females live in closed membership single male groups and mate monandrously. In the other species, the Grevy's zebra (E. grevyi) females live in groups whose membership is much more temporary. Typically, associations with individual males are brief and mating is polyandrous. However, some females – those having just given birth – reside with one male for long periods, mating monandrously. These differences in female mating behavior generate variability in the potential for sperm competition. We show that behavioral differences in male investment in reproductive activities correlate with the potential for sperm competition. When mating with promiscuous mares, Grevy's zebra stallions made a greater investment in reproductive behavior (calling, mounting, ejaculations) than did stallions of either species when mating with monandrous females. The evolution of large testes size in the Grevy's zebra, when compared to the congeneric plains zebra, horse, and mountain zebra, allows for this increased investment. |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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yes |
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1113 |
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Author |
Rubenstein Di, |
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Title |
Behavioural ecology of island feral horeses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1981 |
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Equine. Vet. J. |
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13 |
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27-34 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1524 |
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Author |
Rubenstein D. I., |
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Title |
Reproductive value and behavioral strategies: coming of age in monkeys and horses |
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1982 |
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Perspectives in Ethology |
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Perspect Ethol |
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5 |
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469-487 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1525 |
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Author |
Rubenstein, D. I., |
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Title |
Ecology and sociality in horses and zebras |
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1986 |
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Ecological Aspects of Social Evolution |
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Ecological Aspects of Social Evolution |
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282-302 |
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Princeton University Press |
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Princeton, NJ. |
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Rubenstein, D. I. ; Wrangham, R. W. |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1526 |
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Author |
Rubenstein, D.I |
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Title |
Life history and social organization in arid adapted ungulates |
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1989 |
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Journal of Arid Environments |
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J. Arid. Environ. |
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17 |
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145-156 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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yes |
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1527 |
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Author |
Rubenstein, D. I. |
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Title |
The ecology of female social behaviour in horses, zebras and asses |
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Book Chapter |
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1994 |
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Animal Societies |
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Animal Societies |
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13-28 |
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Kyoto University Press |
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Jarman, P.J.;, Rositter, A. |
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4-87698-014-4 |
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yes |
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1528 |
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Author |
Fischhoff, I.R.; Sundaresan, S.R.; Cordingley, J.; Larkin, H.M.; Sellier, M.-J.; Rubenstein, D.I. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Social relationships and reproductive state influence leadership roles in movements of plains zebra, Equus burchellii |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
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Animal Behaviour. |
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Anim. Behav. |
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73 |
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5 |
Pages |
825-831 |
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collective movements; drinking; equid; Equus burchellii; foraging; group dynamics; motivation; plains zebra; reproductive status; social relationships |
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In animal groups, collective movements emerge from individual interactions. Biologists seek to identify how characteristics of actors in these groups, and their relationships, influence the decision-making process. We distinguished two basic factors determining leadership in group choices: identity and state. We hypothesized that identity is more important to leadership in groups with stable relationships, which permit the development of habitual roles. In groups with fluid membership, particular individuals or subgroups are less likely to emerge as consistent leaders. Instead, we predicted that movement initiation in unstable groups depends on individual state at the time of the decision. We characterized how identity and reproductive state influenced leadership patterns in the movements of plains zebra. As in many other mammals, lactation in this species significantly alters water and energy needs. We investigated leadership in tightly knit harems and loosely bonded herds of multiple harems. Harem females tended to have habitual roles in the initiation of harem movement. In herds, however, we found no consistent leaders among harems. At both levels of social organization, lactation was a key determinant of leadership. In harems, lactating females were more likely to initiate movement than nonlactating females. In turn, harems containing lactating females were more likely to lead herd movements. Thus, we conclude that social relationships and reproductive state together shape the interactions that produce group behaviours. One benefit to lactating females of leading herd movements is preferential access to scarce water. Thus, leadership roles in group decisions may have fitness consequences. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ room B 3.092 |
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1825 |
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Author |
Krause Hoare; Hemelrijk; Rubenstein |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Leadership in fish shoals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
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Fish and Fisheries |
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Fish Fish |
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1 |
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82-89 |
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directional locomotion; fish schools; front fish; nutritional state; schooling; shoal leadership; swimming direction |
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Leadership is not an inherent quality of animal groups that show directional locomotion. However, there are other factors that may be responsible for the occurrence of leadership in fish shoals, such as individual differences in nutritional state between group members. It appears that front fish have a strong influence on directional shoal movements and that individuals that occupy such positions are often characterised by larger body lengths and lower nutritional state. Potential interactions between the two factors and their importance for positioning within shoals need further attention. Initiation of directional movement in stationary shoals and position preferences in mobile shoals need to be addressed separately because they are potentially subject to different constraints. Individuals that initiate a swimming direction may not necessarily be capable of the sustained high swimming performance required to keep the front position or have the motivation to do so, for that matter. More empirical and theoretical work is necessary to look at the factors controlling positioning behaviour within shoals, as well as overall shoal shape and structure. Tracking of marked individuals whose positioning behaviour is monitored over extended time periods of hours or days would be useful. There is an indication that shoal positions are rotated by individuals according to their nutritional needs, with hungry fish occupying front positions only for as long as necessary to regain their nutritional balance. This suggests that shoal members effectively take turns at being leaders. There is a need for three-dimensional recordings of shoaling behaviour using high-speed video systems that allow a detailed analysis of information transfer in shoals of different size. The relationship between leadership and shoal size might provide an interesting field for future research. Most studies to date have been restricted to shoals of small and medium size and more information on larger shoals would be useful. |
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2067 |
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