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| Author | Healy,S.; Braithwaite, V | ||||
| Title | Cognitive ecology: a field of substance? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | Trends. Ecol. Evol |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 22-26 |
Keywords  |
Cognitive ecology; Neuroethology; Cognition; Ecology; Evolution; Orientation mechanisms | ||||
| Abstract | In 1993, Les Real invented the label 'cognitive ecology'. This label was intended for work that brought cognitive science and behavioural ecology together. Real's article stressed the importance of such an approach to the understanding of behaviour. At the end of a decade in which more interdisciplinary work on behaviour has been seen than for many years, it is time to assess whether cognitive ecology is a label describing an active field. | ||||
| Address | Division of Biological Sciences, King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK EH9 3JT | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0169-5347 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:10603501 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 837 | ||
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| Author | Healy, S.D.; Jones, C.M. | ||||
| Title | Animal learning and memory: an integration of cognition and ecology | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Zoology | Abbreviated Journal | Zoology |
| Volume | 105 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 321-327 |
| Keywords |
cognitive ecology; spatial learning and memory; adaptive specialisation | ||||
| Abstract | Summary A wonderfully lucid framework for the ways to understand animal behaviour is that represented by the four [`]whys' proposed by Tinbergen (1963). For much of the past three decades, however, these four avenues have been pursued more or less in parallel. Functional questions, for example, have been addressed by behavioural ecologists, mechanistic questions by psychologists and ethologists, ontogenetic questions by developmental biologists and neuroscientists and phylogenetic questions by evolutionary biologists. More recently, the value of integration between these differing views has become apparent. In this brief review, we concentrate especially on current attempts to integrate mechanistic and functional approaches. Most of our understanding of learning and memory in animals comes from the psychological literature, which tends to use only rats or pigeons, and more occasionally primates, as subjects. The underlying psychological assumption is of general processes that are similar across species and contexts rather than a range of specific abilities. However, this does not seem to be entirely true as several learned behaviours have been described that are specific to particular species or contexts. The first conspicuous exception to the generalist assumption was the demonstration of long delay taste aversion learning in rats (Garcia et al., 1955), in which it was shown that a stimulus need not be temporally contiguous with a response for the animal to make an association between food and illness. Subsequently, a number of other examples, such as imprinting and song learning in birds (e.g., Bolhuis and Honey, 1998; Catchpole and Slater, 1995; Horn, 1998), have been thoroughly researched. Even in these cases, however, it has been typical for only a few species to be studied (domestic chicks provide the [`]model' imprinting species and canaries and zebra finches the song learning [`]models'). As a result, a great deal is understood about the neural underpinnings and development of the behaviour, but substantially less is understood about interspecific variation and whether variation in behaviour is correlated with variation in neural processing (see review by Tramontin and Brenowitz, 2000 but see ten Cate and Vos, 1999). | ||||
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| ISSN | 0944-2006 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4741 | ||
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| Author | Janson, C.; Byrne, R. | ||||
| Title | What wild primates know about resources: opening up the black box | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 357-367 |
| Keywords |
Cognitive map – Primate – Foraging – Ecology – Psychology | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract We present the theoretical and practical difficulties of inferring the cognitive processes involved in spatial movement decisions of primates and other animals based on studies of their foraging behavior in the wild. Because the possible cognitive processes involved in foraging are not known a priori for a given species, some observed spatial movements could be consistent with a large number of processes ranging from simple undirected search processes to strategic goal-oriented travel. Two basic approaches can help to reveal the cognitive processes: (1) experiments designed to test specific mechanisms; (2) comparison of observed movements with predicted ones based on models of hypothesized foraging modes (ideally, quantitative ones). We describe how these two approaches have been applied to evidence for spatial knowledge of resources in primates, and for various hypothesized goals of spatial decisions in primates, reviewing what is now established. We conclude with a synthesis emphasizing what kinds of spatial movement data on unmanipulated primate populations in the wild are most useful in deciphering goal-oriented processes from random processes. Basic to all of these is an estimate of the animals ability to detect resources during search. Given knowledge of the animals detection ability, there are several observable patterns of resource use incompatible with a pure search process. These patterns include increasing movement speed when approaching versus leaving a resource, increasingly directed movement toward more valuable resources, and directed travel to distant resources from many starting locations. Thus, it should be possible to assess and compare spatial cognition across a variety of primate species and thus trace its ecological and evolutionary correlates. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 4214 | ||
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| Author | Henson, S.M.; Dennis, B.; Hayward, J.L.; Cushing, J.M.; Galusha, J.G. | ||||
| Title | Predicting the dynamics of animal behaviour in field populations | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Animal Behaviour. | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
| Volume | 74 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 103-110 |
| Keywords |
colony occupancy; differential equation; dynamic modelling; glaucous-winged gull; habitat ecology; Larus glaucescens; mathematical modelling; sleep; territory attendance | ||||
| Abstract | Many species show considerable variation in behaviour among individuals. We show that some behaviours are largely deterministic and predictable with mathematical models. We propose a general differential equation model of behaviour in field populations and use the methodology to explain and predict the dynamics of sleep and colony attendance in seabirds as a function of environmental factors. Our model explained over half the variability in the data to which it was fitted, and it predicted the dynamics of an independent data set. Differential equation models may provide new approaches to the study of behaviour in animals and humans. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4206 | ||
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| Author | Sterck, E.; Watts, D.; van Schaik, C. | ||||
| Title | The evolution of female social relationships in nonhuman primates | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume | 41 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 291-309 |
| Keywords |
ecology; matrilocal; primate; social; theory | ||||
| Abstract | Considerable interspeci®c variation in female social relationships occurs in gregarious primates, particularly with regard to agonism and cooperation between females and to the quality of female relationships with males. This variation exists alongside variation in female philopatry and dispersal. Socioecological theories have tried to explain variation in female-female social relationships from an evolutionary perspective focused on ecological factors, notably predation and food distribution. According to the current ``ecological model'', predation risk forces females of most diurnal primate species to live in groups; the strength of the contest component of competition for resources within and between groups then largely determines social relationships between females. Social elationships among gregarious females are here characterized as DispersalEgalitarian, Resident-Nepotistic, Resident-Nepotistic-Tolerant, or Resident-Egalitarian. This ecological model has successfully explained i€erences in the occurrence of formal submission signals, decided dominance relation ships, coalitions and female philopatry. Group size and female rank generally a€ect female reproduction success as the model predicts, and studies of closely related species in di€erent ecological circumstances underscore the importance of the model. Some cases, however, can only be explained when we extend the model to incorporate the e€ects of infanticide risk and habitat saturation. We review evidence in support of the ecological model and test the power of alternative models that invoke between-group competition, forced female philopatry, demographic female recruitment, male interventions into female aggression, and male harassment. Not one of these models can replace the ecological model, which already encompasses the between-group competition. Currently the best model, which explains several phenomena that the ecological model does not, is a ``socioecological model'' based on the combined importance of ecological factors, habitat saturation and infanticide avoidance. We note some points of similarity and divergence with other mammalian taxa; these remain to be explored in detail. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5227 | ||
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| Author | Krueger, K. (ed) | ||||
| Title | Proceedings of the International Equine Science Meeting 2008 | Type | Conference Volume | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | IESM 2008 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords |
Equine Ecology; Equine Sociality; Equine Learning; Equine Cognition; Equine Welfare | ||||
| Abstract | Target group: Biologists, Psychologists, Veterinarians and Professionals Meeting target: Because the last international meeting on Equine Science took place a couple years ago, there is an urgent need for equine scientists to exchange scientific knowledge, coordinate research provide knowledge for practical application, and discus research results among themselves and with professionals who work with horses. Additionally, dialog concerning the coordination of the study “Equitation Science” in Europe is urgently needed. Coordination and cooperation shall arise from the meeting, enrich the research, and advance the application of scientific knowledge for the horses` welfare. |
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| Publisher | Xenophon Verlag | Place of Publication | Wald | Editor | Krueger, K. |
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-3-9808134-0-2 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4508 | ||
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| Author | Feh, C.; Munkhtuya, B.; Enkhbold, S.; Sukhbaatar, T. | ||||
| Title | Ecology and social structure of the Gobi khulan Equus hemionus subsp. in the Gobi B National Park, Mongolia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Biological Conservation | Abbreviated Journal | Biol. Conserva. |
| Volume | 101 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 51-61 |
| Keywords |
Equus hemionus; Ecology and social structure; Gobi National Park; Mongolia | ||||
| Abstract | The status of the Gobi khulan Equus hemionus subsp. is recorded as “insufficiently known” in the Species Survival Commission's Equid Action Plan. Recent counts confirm that Mongolia holds the most important population of the whole species. Since 1953, the animals have benefited from a protected status, but this is now challenged. A 5-year study in the B part of the Gobi National Park on one subpopulation showed that it has remained stable over the past 15 years with an adequate mean reproductive rate of 15% and a 50% survival rate over the first year. Age/sex related mortality and prey analysis indicate that wolf predation probably has some impact on the population, in particular for 4-6-year-olds of both sexes at the start of reproduction. Desert and mountain steppes are the khulan's year-round preferred habitat, but `oases', play an important role at the beginning of lactation. Anthropogenic factors affect both home range and habitat use through direct intervention or permanent occupation of the scarce water sources. Khulans of this subpopulation, unlike other Asian and African wild asses, form year-round stable, non-territorial families. These families and all-male groups join together into “bands” in winter, and herds of several hundred animals, where reproductive rate is highest, form throughout the year. The existence of such herds may thus be critical for the breeding success of the population. Our study provides the first detailed quantitative data for this subspecies, which will help to monitor changes in the future. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2289 | ||
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| Author | Czaran, T. | ||||
| Title | Game theory and evolutionary ecology: Evolutionary Games & Population Dynamics by J. Hofbauer and K. Sigmund, and Game Theory & Animal Behaviour, edited by L.A. Dugatkin and H.K. Reeve | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | Trends. Ecol. Evol |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 246-247 |
| Keywords |
Game theory; Evolutionary ecology; Population dynamics; Ethology | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 485 | ||
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| Author | Taberlet, P.; Waits, L.P.; Luikart, G. | ||||
| Title | Noninvasive genetic sampling: look before you leap | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | Trends Ecol. Evol |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 323-327 |
| Keywords |
Hairs; Feces; Feathers; Allelic dropout; Individual identification; Conservation genetics; Behavioural ecology; Pilot study; Microsatellites; Probability of identity | ||||
| Abstract | Noninvasive sampling allows genetic studies of free-ranging animals without the need to capture or even observe them, and thus allows questions to be addressed that cannot be answered using conventional methods. Initially, this sampling strategy promised to exploit fully the existing DNA-based technology for studies in ethology, conservation biology and population genetics. However, recent work now indicates the need for a more cautious approach, which includes quantifying the genotyping error rate. Despite this, many of the difficulties of noninvasive sampling will probably be overcome with improved methodology. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0169-5347 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6573 | ||
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| Author | Krueger, K.; Farmer, K.; Heinze, J. | ||||
| Title | The effects of age, rank and neophobia on social learning in horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 17 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 645-655 |
| Keywords |
Horse; Social learning; Sociality; Ecology; Social relationships | ||||
| Abstract | Social learning is said to meet the demands of complex environments in which individuals compete over resources and co-operate to share resources. Horses (Equus caballus) were thought to lack social learning skills because they feed on homogenously distributed resources with few reasons for conflict. However, the horse’s social environment is complex, which raises the possibility that its capacity for social transfer of feeding behaviour has been underestimated. We conducted a social learning experiment using 30 socially kept horses of different ages. Five horses, one from each group, were chosen as demonstrators, and the remaining 25 horses were designated observers. Observers from each group were allowed to watch their group demonstrator opening a feeding apparatus. We found that young, low ranking, and more exploratory horses learned by observing older members of their own group, and the older the horse, the more slowly it appeared to learn. Social learning may be an adaptive specialisation to the social environment. Older animals may avoid the potential costs of acquiring complex and potentially disadvantageous feeding behaviours from younger group members. We argue that horses show social learning in the context of their social ecology, and that research procedures must take such contexts into account. Misconceptions about the horse’s sociality may have hampered earlier studies. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5737 | ||
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