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| Author | Hodgson, D.; Howe, S.; Jeffcott, L.; Reid, S.; Mellor, D.; Higgins, A. | ||||
| Title | Effect of prolonged use of altrenogest on behaviour in mares | Type | |||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) | Abbreviated Journal | Vet J |
| Volume | 169 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 113-115 |
Keywords  |
Administration, Oral; Anabolic Agents/adverse effects/*pharmacology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects; Body Constitution/drug effects; Body Weight/drug effects; *Doping in Sports; Female; Horses/*physiology; Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Time Factors; Trenbolone/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology | ||||
| Abstract | Erratum in: Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):321. Corrected and republished in: Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):322-5. Oral administration of altrenogest for oestrus suppression in competition horses is believed to be widespread in some equestrian disciplines, and can be administered continuously for several months during a competition season. To examine whether altrenogest has any anabolic or other potential performance enhancing properties that may give a horse an unfair advantage, we examined the effect of oral altrenogest (0.044 mg/kg), given daily for a period of eight weeks, on social hierarchy, activity budget, body-mass and body condition score of 12 sedentary mares. We concluded that prolonged oral administration of altrenogest at recommended dose rates to sedentary mares resulted in no effect on dominance hierarchies, body mass or condition score. |
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| Address | Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Private Mailbag 4, Narellan Delivery Centre, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. davidh@camden.usyd.edu.au | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1090-0233 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15683772 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 671 | ||
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| Author | Dirikolu, L.; Lehner, A.F.; Karpiesiuk, W.; Hughes, C.; Woods, W.E.; Boyles, J.; Harkins, J.D.; Troppmann, A.; Tobin, T. | ||||
| Title | Detection, quantification, metabolism, and behavioral effects of selegiline in horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Veterinary Therapeutics : Research in Applied Veterinary Medicine | Abbreviated Journal | Vet Ther |
| Volume | 4 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 257-268 |
| Keywords |
Administration, Oral; Animals; Behavior, Animal/drug effects; Female; Horses/*metabolism; Mass Spectrometry/veterinary; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/administration & dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/urine; Selegiline/administration & dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/urine; Substance Abuse Detection/veterinary | ||||
| Abstract | Selegiline ([R]-[-]N,alpha-dimethyl-N-2- propynylphenethylamine or l-deprenyl), an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, is a classic antidyskinetic and antiparkinsonian agent widely used in human medicine both as monotherapy and as an adjunct to levodopa therapy. Selegiline is classified by the Association of Racing Commissioners International (ARCI) as a class 2 agent, and is considered to have high abuse potential in racing horses. A highly sensitive LC/MS/MS quantitative analytical method has been developed for selegiline and its potential metabolites amphetamine and methamphetamine using commercially available deuterated analogs of these compounds as internal standards. After administering 40 mg of selegiline orally to two horses, relatively low (<60 ng/ml) concentrations of parent selegiline, amphetamine, and methamphetamine were recovered in urine samples. However, relatively high urinary concentrations of another selegiline metabolite were found, tentatively identified as N- desmethylselegiline. This metabolite was synthesized and found to be indistinguishable from the new metabolite recovered from horse urine, thereby confirming the chemical identity of the equine metabolite. Additionally, analysis of urine samples from four horses dosed with 50 mg of selegiline confirmed that N-desmethylselegiline is the major urinary metabolite of selegiline in horses. In related behavior studies, p.o. and i.v. administration of 30 mg of selegiline produced no significant changes in either locomotor activities or heart rates. | ||||
| Address | Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nursing and Allied Health, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1528-3593 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15136987 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1901 | |||
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| Author | Machnik, M.; Hegger, I.; Kietzmann, M.; Thevis, M.; Guddat, S.; Schanzer, W. | ||||
| Title | Pharmacokinetics of altrenogest in horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics | Abbreviated Journal | J Vet Pharmacol Ther |
| Volume | 30 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 86-90 |
| Keywords |
Administration, Oral; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid/veterinary; Doping in Sports/prevention & control; Horses/*metabolism; Male; Mass Spectrometry/veterinary; Progesterone Congeners/administration & dosage/blood/*pharmacokinetics/urine; Reproducibility of Results; Substance Abuse Detection/veterinary; Trenbolone/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives/blood/pharmacokinetics/urine | ||||
| Abstract | The Federation Equestre Internationale has permitted the use of altrenogest in mares for the control of oestrus. However, altrenogest is also suspicious to misuse in competition horses for its potential anabolic effects and suppression of typical male behaviour, and thus is a controlled drug. To investigate the pharmacokinetics of altrenogest in horses we conducted an elimination study. Five oral doses of 44 mug/kg altrenogest were administered to 10 horses at a dose interval of 24 h. Following administration blood and urine samples were collected at appropriate intervals. Altrenogest concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The plasma levels of altrenogest reached maximal concentrations of 23-75 ng/mL. Baseline values were achieved within 3 days after the final administration. Urine peak concentrations of total altrenogest ranged from 823 to 3895 ng/mL. Twelve days after the final administration concentrations were below the limit of detection (ca 2 ng/mL). | ||||
| Address | Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany. m.machnik@biochem.dshs-koeln.de | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0140-7783 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17217407 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1841 | |||
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| Author | Manning, G.S.; Ratanarat, C. | ||||
| Title | Fasciolopsis buski (Lankester, 1857) in Thailand | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1970 | Publication | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | Abbreviated Journal | Am J Trop Med Hyg |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 613-619 |
| Keywords |
Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Buffaloes; Cattle; Child; Child, Preschool; *Disease Reservoirs; Dogs; Ecology; *Fasciolidae; Feces; Female; Health Surveys; Horses; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; *Plants, Edible; Sex Factors; *Snails; Swine; Thailand; Trematode Infections/*epidemiology | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0002-9637 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:5425498 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2734 | ||
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| Author | Kraft, C.N.; Urban, N.; Ilg, A.; Wallny, T.; Scharfstadt, A.; Jager, M.; Pennekamp, P.H. | ||||
| Title | [Influence of the riding discipline and riding intensity on the incidence of back pain in competitive horseback riders] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Sportverletzung Sportschaden : Organ der Gesellschaft fur Orthopadisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin | Abbreviated Journal | Sportverletz Sportschaden |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 29-33 |
| Keywords |
Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Child; Female; Horses; Humans; Incidence; Low Back Pain/diagnosis/*epidemiology/etiology; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; *Sports/physiology | ||||
| Abstract | INTRODUCTION: The connection between morphologic changes of the spine and the intensity of training has been assessed for a number of sport activities. The influence of horseback riding on the spine has only rarely been evaluated. The aim of our study was to evaluate to what degree horseback riders suffer from back pain and whether there is an association between this parameter and the category i. e. the intensity of horseback riding. Furthermore we wanted to judge whether riding may have a positive effect on pre-existent back pain. METHODS: 508 horseback riders (63.2 % females; 36.8 % males) competing in either dressage, showjumping or vaulting were interviewed using a questionnaire. Apart from biometric data, the intensity with which riding was performed and the localisation and intensity (VAS) of back pain was assessed. Furthermore, in the case of existing back pain, riders were asked whether different riding disciplines and paces changed the intensity of pain. RESULTS: 300 dressage riders (59.1 %), 188 showjumpers (37.0 %) and 20 vaulters (3.9 %) with an average age of 33.5 Jahre (12 – 77 years) were questioned. The incidence of back pain was 72.5 %. A significant correlation between back pain and riding discipline respectively gender or riding level could not be found. Discrepancies in VAS-score for dressage riders (3.95 +/- 0.13), show jumpers (4.10 +/- 0.16) and vaulters (3.76 +/- 0.5) were marginal and not significant (p > 0.05). Overall 58.7 % resp. 15.2 % reported to have pain in the lumbar i.e cervical spine. Despite the fact that a large fraction of dressage riders claimed to have problems in these spine areas with 57.7 % resp. 68.8 %, this finding was not significant compared to the other riding disciplines. While 61.6 % of dressage riders reported an improvement of their back pain when riding, this was only the case in 40.9 % of show jumpers. CONCLUSION: Compared to the general population, a high incidence of back pain is found among riders. A significant correlation between the intensity of riding or the riding discipline and frequency or severity of back pain could not be found. For riders with pre-existent back pain the pace “walk” seems to have a positive influence on pain intensity. | ||||
| Address | Klinik und Poliklinik fur Orthopadie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat, Dusseldorf. clayton.kraft@med.uni-duesseldorf.de | ||||
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| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | Einfluss der Reitdisziplin und -intensitat auf die Inzidenz von Ruckenschmerzen bei Reitsportlern | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0932-0555 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17385102 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3706 | ||
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| Author | Menges, R.W.; Furcolow, M.L.; Selby, L.A.; Habermann, R.T.; Smith, C.D. | ||||
| Title | Ecologic studies of histoplasmosis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1967 | Publication | American Journal of Epidemiology | Abbreviated Journal | Am J Epidemiol |
| Volume | 85 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 108-119 |
| Keywords |
Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Antibodies/*analysis; Carnivora; Cats; Cattle; Child; Child, Preschool; Dogs; Ecology; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Histoplasma/isolation & purification; Histoplasmin; Histoplasmosis/*epidemiology/*immunology; Horses; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kansas; Male; Marsupialia; Mice; Middle Aged; Missouri; Rabbits; Skin Tests; *Soil Microbiology; Swine | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0002-9262 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:5334640 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2747 | ||
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| Author | Yamada, T.; Rojanasuphot, S.; Takagi, M.; Wungkobkiat, S.; Hirota, T. | ||||
| Title | Studies on an epidemic of Japanese encephalitis in the northern region of Thailand in 1969 and 1970 | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1971 | Publication | Biken Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Biken J |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 267-296 |
| Keywords |
Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Arboviruses/immunology; Buffaloes; Cattle; Chickens; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross Reactions; Culicidae; Dengue Virus/immunology; Disease Outbreaks; Ducks; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese/immunology/isolation & purification; Encephalitis, Japanese/cerebrospinal fluid/*epidemiology/immunology/microbiology/mortality; Female; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral/epidemiology; Horses; Humans; Infant; Male; Mice; Neutralization Tests; Swine; Thailand | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0006-2324 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:4400462 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2728 | ||
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| Author | Kaiser, L.; Smith, K.A.; Heleski, C.R.; Spence, L.J. | ||||
| Title | Effects of a therapeutic riding program on at-risk and special education children | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association | Abbreviated Journal | J Am Vet Med Assoc |
| Volume | 228 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 46-52 |
| Keywords |
Adolescent; Anger; Animals; *Bonding, Human-Pet; Child; Child Behavior; *Child Psychology; Disabled Persons/*psychology/rehabilitation; Female; Horses; Humans; Mainstreaming (Education); Male; Mothers/*psychology; Occupational Therapy/*methods; Recreation; Self Efficacy; Sports/*psychology | ||||
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of a therapeutic riding program on psychosocial measurements among children considered at risk for poor performance or failure in school or life and among children in special education programs. DESIGN: Observational study. POPULATION: 17 at-risk children (6 boys and 11 girls) and 14 special education children (7 boys and 7 girls). PROCEDURE: For the at-risk children, anger, anxiety, perceived self-competence, and physical coordination were assessed. For the special education children, anger and cheerfulness were measured, and the children's and their mothers' perceptions of the children's behavior were assessed. Measurements were made before and after an 8-session therapeutic riding program. RESULTS: For boys enrolled in the special education program, anger was significantly decreased after completion of the riding program. The boys' mothers also perceived significant improvements in their children's behavior after completion of the program. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that an 8-session therapeutic riding program can significantly decrease anger in adolescent boys in a special education program and positively affect their mothers' perception of the boys' behavior. | ||||
| Address | Human-Animal Bond Initiative, College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0003-1488 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16426165 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1880 | |||
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| Author | van der Kolk, J.H.; Nachreiner, R.F.; Schott, H.C.; Refsal, K.R.; Zanella, A.J. | ||||
| Title | Salivary and plasma concentration of cortisol in normal horses and horses with Cushing's disease | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Equine Veterinary Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Vet J |
| Volume | 33 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 211-213 |
| Keywords |
Adrenal Cortex Function Tests/standards/veterinary; Animals; Cushing Syndrome/diagnosis/metabolism/*veterinary; Female; Horse Diseases/blood/*diagnosis/metabolism; Horses/blood/*metabolism; Hydrocortisone/blood/*metabolism; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Reference Values; Saliva/*metabolism | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | Department of Large Animal Medicine and Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, Utrecht University, The Netherlands | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0425-1644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:11266074 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4281 | ||
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| Author | Carroll, G.L.; Matthews, N.S.; Hartsfield, S.M.; Slater, M.R.; Champney, T.H.; Erickson, S.W. | ||||
| Title | The effect of detomidine and its antagonism with tolazoline on stress-related hormones, metabolites, physiologic responses, and behavior in awake ponies | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Veterinary surgery : VS : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons | Abbreviated Journal | Vet Surg |
| Volume | 26 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 69-77 |
| Keywords |
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/drug effects/physiology; Blood Glucose/metabolism; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/physiology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Epinephrine/blood; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Horse Diseases/metabolism/physiopathology/psychology; Horses/blood/metabolism/*physiology; Hydrocortisone/blood; Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Imidazoles/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Norepinephrine/blood; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects/*physiology; Stress/metabolism/physiopathology/veterinary; Time Factors; Tolazoline/administration & dosage/*pharmacology | ||||
| Abstract | Six ponies were used to investigate the effect of tolazoline antagonism of detomidine on physiological responses, behavior, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, glucose, and free fatty acids in awake ponies. Each pony had a catheter inserted into a jugular vein 1 hour before beginning the study. Awake ponies were administered detomidine (0.04 mg/kg intravenously [i.v.]) followed 20 minutes later by either tolazoline (4.0 mg/kg i.v.) or saline. Blood samples were drawn from the catheter 5 minutes before detomidine administration (baseline), 5 minutes after detomidine administration, 20 minutes before detomidine administration which was immediately before the administration of tolazoline or saline (time [T] = 0), and at 5, 30, and 60 minutes after injections of tolazoline or saline (T = 5, 30, and 60 minutes, respectively). Compared with heart rate at T = 0, tolazoline antagonism increased heart rate 45% at 5 minutes. There was no difference in heart rate between treatments at 30 minutes. Blood pressure remained stable after tolazoline, while it decreased over time after saline. Compared with concentrations at T = 0, tolazoline antagonism of detomidine in awake ponies resulted in a 55% increase in cortisol at 30 minutes and a 52% increase in glucose at 5 minutes. The change in free fatty acids was different for tolazoline and saline over time. Free fatty acids decreased after detomidine administration. Free fatty acids did not change after saline administration. After tolazoline administration, free fatty acids increased transiently. Tolazoline tended to decrease sedation and analgesia at 15 and 60 minutes postantagonism. Antagonism of detomidine-induced physiological and behavioral effects with tolazoline in awake ponies that were not experiencing pain appears to precipitate a stress response as measured by cortisol, glucose, and free fatty acids. If antagonism of an alpha-agonist is contemplated, the potential effect on hormones and metabolites should be considered. | ||||
| Address | Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0161-3499 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:9123816 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 96 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||