|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Dall, Sasha R. X; Houston, Alasdair I.; McNamara, John M. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
The behavioural ecology of personality: consistent individual differences from an adaptive perspective |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Ecology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Letters |
|
|
Volume |
7 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
734-739 |
|
|
Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Adaptive individual differences, behavioural ecology, behavioural syndromes, evolutionary game theory, life history strategies, personality differences, state-dependent dynamic programming |
|
|
Abstract |
Individual humans, and members of diverse other species, show consistent differences in
aggressiveness, shyness, sociability and activity. Such intraspecific differences in
behaviour have been widely assumed to be non-adaptive variation surrounding
(possibly) adaptive population-average behaviour. Nevertheless, in keeping with recent
calls to apply Darwinian reasoning to ever-finer scales of biological variation, we sketch
the fundamentals of an adaptive theory of consistent individual differences in behaviour.
Our thesis is based on the notion that such .personality differences. can be selected for if
fitness payoffs are dependent on both the frequencies with which competing strategies
are played and an individual`s behavioural history. To this end, we review existing models
that illustrate this and propose a game theoretic approach to analyzing personality
differences that is both dynamic and state-dependent. Our motivation is to provide
insights into the evolution and maintenance of an apparently common animal trait:
personality, which has far reaching ecological and evolutionary implications. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
494 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Lafferty, K.D. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Look what the cat dragged in: do parasites contribute to human cultural diversity? |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
|
|
Volume |
68 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
279-282 |
|
|
Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Adaptation, Physiological/physiology; Adaptation, Psychological/physiology; Animals; Behavior/physiology; *Behavior Control; Cats/*parasitology; Cultural Diversity; Host-Parasite Relations; Humans; Personality/*physiology; Toxoplasma/*physiology; Toxoplasmosis/parasitology/*psychology |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
Western Ecological Research Center, United States Geological Survey, c/o Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. lafferty@lifesci.ucsb.edu |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0376-6357 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
PMID:15792708 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4148 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Clark, M.L.; Ayers, M. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
Friendship similarity during early adolescence: gender and racial patterns |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
1992 |
Publication |
The Journal of Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Psychol |
|
|
Volume |
126 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
393-405 |
|
|
Keywords ![sorted by Keywords field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
Achievement; Adolescent; African Americans/*psychology; *Cross-Cultural Comparison; Female; *Gender Identity; Humans; Individuality; *Interpersonal Relations; Male; *Personality Development; Personality Inventory; Sociometric Techniques |
|
|
Abstract |
We studied the relationship of reciprocity, gender, and racial composition (Caucasian, African American, cross-race) of adolescent friendship dyads to similarity and proximity in 136 young adolescents. We found that adolescents selected friends who were of the same gender and race and that female dyads were more similar than male dyads on verbal achievement and several personality dimensions. Caucasian dyads were more similar than African American dyads on verbal achievement, mental alertness, and dominance. African American adolescents had more contact with their best friends outside school, whereas Caucasian adolescent friends had more in-school contact. African American students had fewer reciprocal relationships than the Caucasian students. Cross-race friendships were less reciprocal than same-race friendships. Race and gender were important in determining friendship patterns. Similarity and proximity were more important than reciprocity in understanding early adolescent friendships. |
|
|
Address |
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0022-3980 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
PMID:1403972 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5628 |
|
Permanent link to this record |