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Author |
Feist, J.D.; McCullough, D.R. |
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Title |
Behavior patterns and communication in feral horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z. Tierpsychol. |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
337-371 |
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Keywords  |
*Animal Communication; Animals; Female; *Horses; Male; Maternal Behavior; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance |
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Abstract |
The social behavior of feral horses was studied in the western United States. Stable harem groups with a dominant stallion and bachelor hermaphrodite hermaphrodite groups occupied overlapping home ranges. Groups spacing, but not territoriality, was expressed. Harem group, stability resulted from strong dominance by dominant stallions, and fidelity of group members. Eliminations of group members were usually marked by urine of the dominant stallion. Hermaphrodite-hermaphrodite aggression involved spacing between harems and dominance in bachelor groups. Marking with feces was important in hermaphrodite-hermaphrodite interactions. Foaling occurred in May and early June, following the post-partum estrous. All breeding was done by harem stallions. Young were commonly nursed through yearling age. These horses showed social organizations similar to other feral horses and plains zebras. |
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0044-3573 |
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Notes |
PMID:983427 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3995 |
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Author |
Zentall, S.S.; Zentall, T.R. |
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Title |
Activity and task performance of hyperactive children as a function of environmental stimulation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Journal of consulting and clinical psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Consult Clin Psychol |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
693-697 |
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Keywords |
Achievement; Acoustic Stimulation; *Arousal; Auditory Perception; Child; Humans; Hyperkinesis/*etiology; Photic Stimulation; Visual Perception |
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0022-006X |
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Notes |
PMID:965541 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
272 |
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Author |
Brown, R.F.; Houpt, K.A.; Schryver, H.F. |
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Title |
Stimulation of food intake in horses by diazepam and promazine |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pharmacol Biochem Behav |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
495-497 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; Diazepam/*pharmacology; Diet; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects; Female; Horses/*physiology; Male; Promazine/*pharmacology; Stimulation, Chemical |
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Abstract |
In two adult horses doses of 0.02-0.03 mg/kg diazepam, intravenously, increased 1 hr intake 54-75% above control levels. Intake was stimulated when the diet was a high grain, calorically dense one and also when the diet was a high fiber, calorically dilute one. Two young rapidly growing weanling horses showed an even more pronounced stimulation of intake. Following diazepam 1 hr intake was increased 105-240% above control lelvels. Promazine at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg also stimulated intake in adult horses, but not as markedly as did diazepam. A transquilizer and a neuroleptic appear to have a stimulatory eff upon short-term intake in horses. |
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ISSN |
0091-3057 |
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Notes |
PMID:1005496 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
60 |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A. |
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Title |
Animal behavior as a subject for veterinary students |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
The Cornell veterinarian |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cornell Vet |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
73-81 |
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Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cats; Chickens; Dogs; Education, Veterinary; Goats; Horses; Humans; Maternal Behavior; Mice; New York; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Sheep; Sleep; Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Swine |
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Abstract |
Knowledge of animal behavior is an important asset for the veterinarian; therefore a course in veterinary animal behavior is offered at the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine as an elective. The course emphasizes the behavior of those species of most interest to the practicing veterinarian: cats, dogs, horses, cows, pigs and sheep. Dominance heirarchies, animal communication, aggressive behavior, sexual behavior and maternal behavior are discussed. Play, learning, diurnal cycles of activity and sleep, and controls of ingestive behavior are also considered. Exotic and zoo animal behaviors are also presented by experts in these fields. The critical periods of canine development are related to the optimum management of puppies. The behavior of feral dogs and horses is described. The role of the veterinarian in preventing cruelty to animals and recognition of pain in animals is emphasized. Whenever possible behavior is observed in the laboratory or on film. |
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ISSN |
0010-8901 |
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Notes |
PMID:767053 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
61 |
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Author |
Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Greenwood, P.J.; Powell, R.P. |
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Title |
Ranks and relationships in Highland ponies and Highland Cows |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z. Tierpsychol. |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
202-216 |
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Keywords |
Agonistic Behavior; Animals; *Cattle; Female; Grooming; *Horses; Male; *Social Dominance; Spatial Behavior |
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Abstract |
Recent studies of primates have questioned the importance of dominance hierarchies in groups living under natural conditions. In a herd of Highland ponies and one of Highland cattle grazing under free-range conditions on the Isle of Rhum (Inner Hebrides) well defined hierarchies were present. The provision of food produced a marked increase in the frequency of agonistic interactions but had no effect on the rank systems of the two herds. While rank was clearly important in affecting the distribution of agonistic interactions, it was poorly related to behaviour in non-agonistic situations. |
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ISSN |
0044-3573 |
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Notes |
PMID:961125 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
661 |
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Author |
Dunbar, R.I.; Dunbar, E.P. |
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Title |
Contrasts in social structure among black-and-white colobus monkey groups |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
84-92 |
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Keywords |
Agonistic Behavior; Animals; *Colobus; Copulation; Female; *Haplorhini; *Hierarchy, Social; Male; *Social Dominance |
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Abstract |
Three types of Colobus guereza groups may be distinguished on the bases of size and composition, namely small one-male groups, large, one-male groups and multi-male groups. The social structure of each type of group is described in terms of the distribution of non-agonistic interactions, the frequency and distribution of agonistic behaviour and the organization of the roles of vigilance, territorial defence and leadership. A number of differences are found between the group types which appear to be related to the differences in group size and composition. It is suggested that these group types represent stages in the life-cycle of colobus groups, and that such an interpretation may help to resolve some of the conflicting reports in the literature. |
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ISSN |
0003-3472 |
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Notes |
PMID:817624 |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2049 |
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Author |
Ziegler, W.H. |
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Title |
[Endocrinological studies in arterial hypertension. Search for phaeochromocytoma] |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift |
Abbreviated Journal |
Schweiz Med Wochenschr |
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Volume |
106 |
Issue |
34 |
Pages |
1148-1150 |
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Keywords |
Angiography; Blood Volume; Catecholamines/urine; Glucagon/diagnostic use; Histamine/diagnostic use; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypertension/*etiology; Methods; Pheochromocytoma/*complications/diagnosis; Tyramine/diagnostic use |
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Abstract |
Elevated urinary catecholamines and their metabolites are the only findings which confirm the presence of pheochromocytoma. This examination is of particular interest if carried out in urine produced after spontaneous hypertensive episodes. Pharmacologic tests when carried out under standard conditions have proven to be a reliable aid in cases of suspected pheochromocytoma. Roentgenographic studies, determination of local plasma catecholamine concentrations and blood volume control should be undertaken in these patients before surgical procedure. |
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German |
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Original Title |
Endokrinologische Untersuchungen bei arterieller Hypertonie. Suche nach Phaochromozytom |
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ISSN |
0036-7672 |
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Notes |
PMID:12561 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4047 |
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Author |
Dowdle, W.R.; Schild, G.C. |
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Title |
Influenza: its antigenic variation and ecology |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bull Pan Am Health Organ |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
193-195 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Antigens, Viral; Bird Diseases/microbiology; Birds; Hemagglutinins, Viral; Horse Diseases/microbiology; Horses; Humans; Influenza A virus/immunology/isolation & purification; Influenza, Human/epidemiology; Mutation; Neuraminidase/immunology; Orthomyxoviridae/enzymology/*immunology; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/microbiology/veterinary; Recombination, Genetic; Swine; Swine Diseases/microbiology |
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Abstract |
Influenza viruses have two surface antigens, the glycoprotein structures hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Antibodies to each of these are associated with immunity, but the structures themselves are antigenically variable. When an antigenic change is gradual over time it is referred to as a drift, while a sudden complete or major change in either or both antigens is termed a shift. The mechanism of antigenic drift is usually attributed to selection of preexisting mutants by pressure from increasing immunity in the human population. The mechanism of antigenic shift is less clear, but one tentative hypothesis is that shifts arise from mammalian or avian reservoirs, or through genetic recombination of human and animal influenza strains. |
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ISSN |
0085-4638 |
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Notes |
PMID:187273 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2700 |
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Author |
Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Vail, R.; Devous, S.; Schwend, S.; Baker, C.B.; Wiesner, L. |
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Title |
Diurnal variation of plasma testosterone in wild stallions |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Biology of reproduction |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biol Reprod |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
98-101 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Circadian Rhythm; Horses/*blood; Male; Montana; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Species Specificity; Testosterone/*blood |
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ISSN |
0006-3363 |
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Notes |
PMID:986195 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
149 |
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Author |
Domjan, M. |
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Title |
Determinants of the enhancement of flavored-water intake by prior exposure |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
17-27 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Arousal; *Awareness; Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; *Drinking Behavior; Environment; Escape Reaction; Fear; Male; Rats; Saccharin/administration & dosage; *Taste; Thirst; Time Factors; Water Deprivation |
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Abstract |
The intake of a 2.0% sodium saccharin solution in rats was observed to increase as a function of both the number (Experiment 1) and the duration (Experiment 3) of prior periods of access to the saccharin flavor, but did not increase when subjects were maintained on a fluid deprivation procedure in the absence of saccharin exposure (Experiment 2). The enhancement of intake was further influenced by the schedule of saccharin preexposures in the absence of variations in the amount of solution tasted (Experiment 4). The effect was not a function of the opportunity for subjects to determine their own pattern of contact with the saccharin flavor, the opportunity for association of the flavor with hunger and thirst reduction, or the amount of saccharin swallowed during preexposure (Experiment 5). These results suggest that mere exposure to a flavored solution is sufficient to increase subsequent intakes. The phenomenon is discussed in terms of the attenuation of neophobia elicited by the novelty of flavored solutions. |
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0097-7403 |
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Notes |
PMID:1249524 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2790 |
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