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Author |
Andrews, F.M.; Ralston, S.L.; Sommardahl, C.S.; Maykuth, P.L.; Green, E.M.; White, S.L.; Williamson, L.H.; Holmes, C.A.; Geiser, D.R. |
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Title |
Weight, water, and cation losses in horses competing in a three-day event |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Vet Med Assoc |
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Volume |
205 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
721-724 |
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Keywords  |
Animals; Body Water/*metabolism; Body Weight/*physiology; Exertion/*physiology; Female; Horses/blood/*metabolism; Male; Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology; Physical Endurance/physiology; Potassium/*blood; Sodium/*blood |
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Abstract |
Body weight of 48 horses competing in a 3-day event was measured the day before the event (baseline), following the dressage phase of the event (day 1), after the endurance phases of the event (day 2), and 18 to 24 hours after the endurance phases (day 3). Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations were measured the evening before, immediately after, and 10 minutes after the endurance phases. Total body water, water loss, and net exchangeable cation loss were then calculated. Body weight and total body water were significantly decreased, compared with baseline values, at all times during the event, and significant water loss was detected. The largest changes were recorded after the endurance phases of the event. Water deficits were still detected 18 to 24 hours after the endurance phases of the event. Mean plasma sodium concentration was significantly increased immediately after the endurance phases of the event, compared with concentration measured the evening before, and remained increased after the 10-minute recovery period, presumably because of dehydration. Mean plasma potassium concentration was significantly increased immediately after the endurance phases of the event, compared with concentration measured the evening before, but was not increased after the 10-minute recovery period. |
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Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901-1071 |
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0003-1488 |
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Notes |
PMID:7989242 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3745 |
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Author |
Steinhoff, H.J. |
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Title |
A continuous wave laser T-jump apparatus and its application to chemical reactions in hemoglobin single crystals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Biochem Biophys Methods |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
319-330 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Chemistry; Crystallization; *Heat; *Hemoglobins; Horses/blood; *Lasers; Methemoglobin; Solutions; Thermodynamics; Thiocyanates |
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Abstract |
A laser temperature jump apparatus is constructed where the T-jump is achieved by means of the direct absorption of continuous laser radiation of low intensity by a solid sample. The final temperature in the irradiated volume element is reached when the absorbed radiation power equals the dissipation of heat by heat conduction. The time range from the beginning of irradiation to the stationary state depends on the geometry of the irradiated volume element and is less than 10 ms. The heating laser beam is simultaneously used to detect the relaxation to the new chemical equilibrium in the sample. Relaxation processes with relaxation rates between 10(2) s-1 and less than 10(-3) s-1 on samples with volumes less than 10(-3) mm3 may be investigated using this T-jump method. One application of this method is the determination of reaction rates of ligand reactions in hemoglobin single crystals. Rate constants obtained for the reaction of thiocyanate with crystallized horse methemoglobin are presented. |
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Institut fur Biophysik, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, F.R.G |
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0165-022X |
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Notes |
PMID:3379245 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3804 |
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