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Author | Hodgson, D.; Howe, S.; Jeffcott, L.; Reid, S.; Mellor, D.; Higgins, A. | ||||
Title | Effect of prolonged use of altrenogest on behaviour in mares | Type | |||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997) | Abbreviated Journal | Vet J |
Volume | 169 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 113-115 |
Keywords | Administration, Oral; Anabolic Agents/adverse effects/*pharmacology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects; Body Constitution/drug effects; Body Weight/drug effects; *Doping in Sports; Female; Horses/*physiology; Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Time Factors; Trenbolone/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/*pharmacology | ||||
Abstract | Erratum in: Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):321. Corrected and republished in: Vet J. 2005 May;169(3):322-5. Oral administration of altrenogest for oestrus suppression in competition horses is believed to be widespread in some equestrian disciplines, and can be administered continuously for several months during a competition season. To examine whether altrenogest has any anabolic or other potential performance enhancing properties that may give a horse an unfair advantage, we examined the effect of oral altrenogest (0.044 mg/kg), given daily for a period of eight weeks, on social hierarchy, activity budget, body-mass and body condition score of 12 sedentary mares. We concluded that prolonged oral administration of altrenogest at recommended dose rates to sedentary mares resulted in no effect on dominance hierarchies, body mass or condition score. |
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Address | Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Private Mailbag 4, Narellan Delivery Centre, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. davidh@camden.usyd.edu.au | ||||
Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1090-0233 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:15683772 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 671 | ||
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Author | Heitor, F.; do Mar Oom, M.; Vicente, L. | ||||
Title | Social relationships in a herd of Sorraia horses Part I. Correlates of social dominance and contexts of aggression | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2006 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
Volume | 73 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 170-177 |
Keywords | Age Factors; *Aggression; Animals; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; Horses/*psychology; Male; Sex Factors; *Social Dominance; *Social Environment; Statistics, Nonparametric | ||||
Abstract | Factors related to dominance rank and the functions of aggression were studied in a herd of Sorraia horses, Equus caballus, under extensive management. Subjects were 10 adult mares 5-18 years old and a stallion introduced into the group for breeding. Dominance relationships among mares were clear, irrespective of rank difference, and remained stable after introduction of the stallion. The dominance hierarchy was significantly linear and rank was positively correlated with age and total aggressiveness. Higher-ranking mares received lower frequency and intensity of agonistic interactions. Nevertheless, higher-ranking dominants were not more likely to elicit submission from their subordinates than lower-ranking dominants. Neither close-ranking mares nor mares with less clear dominance relationships were more aggressive towards each other. Agonistic interactions seemed to be used more importantly in regulation of space than to obtain access to food or to reassert dominance relationships. Contexts of aggression were related to mare rank. The results suggest that dominance relationships based on age as a conventional criterion were established to reduce aggressiveness in a herd where the costs of aggression are likely to outweigh the benefits. | ||||
Address | Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Edificio C2, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal | ||||
Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:16815645 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 292 | ||
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Author | Rudran, R. | ||||
Title | Adult male replacement in one-male troops of purple-faced langurs (Presbytis senex senex) and its effect on population structure | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1973 | Publication | Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology | Abbreviated Journal | Folia Primatol (Basel) |
Volume | 19 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 166-192 |
Keywords | Age Factors; Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; *Haplorhini; Humans; Leadership; Male; Maternal Behavior; Population Density; Sex Factors; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0015-5713 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:4201908 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4182 | ||
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Author | de Waal, F.B. | ||||
Title | The organization of agonistic relations within two captive groups of Java-monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1977 | Publication | Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie | Abbreviated Journal | Z. Tierpsychol. |
Volume | 44 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 225-282 |
Keywords | Age Factors; Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Competitive Behavior/*physiology; Fear; Female; Haplorhini; Humans; Macaca/*physiology; Macaca fascicularis/*physiology; Male; Sex Factors; Social Behavior; Social Dominance | ||||
Abstract | The paper offers a detailed quantitative descripition of the distribution of agonistic activities over the members of two groups of Java-monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). These groups lived in captivity and were well-established: i.e. they had an extensive network of genealogical relationships. The study pays special attention to agonistic interactions with three or more participants. Its main purpose is an analysis of the way dyadic agonistic relations (e.g. dominance relations) are affected by third group members and the relations among these. The paper presents data on the ontogeny of 'dependent dominance', the 'control role' of the alpha-male, and the functions of different types of alliances. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0044-3573 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:412345 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 213 | ||
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Author | Feist, J.D.; McCullough, D.R. | ||||
Title | Reproduction in feral horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1975 | Publication | Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement | Abbreviated Journal | J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
Volume | Issue | 23 | Pages | 13-18 | |
Keywords | Age Factors; Animals; Female; Horses/*physiology; Leadership; Male; Maternal Behavior; Population; Reproduction; *Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Dominance; Sucking Behavior | ||||
Abstract | A behavioural study of feral horses was conducted on the Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range in the western United States. All 270 horses on the Range were identified individually. The sex ratio was nearly balanced. Foal to adult female ratio was 43-2:100. Morality was concentrated among foals and old horses. Horses were organized as forty-four harem groups each with a dominant stallion, one to two immature stallions, one to three immature mares, one to three adult mares and their yearling and foal offspring, and 23 bachelor groups of one to eight stallions. Harem groups were quite stable year-round because of dominance and leadership by the stallions and group fidelity by mares and their offsring. Most changes occurred during the breeding season and involved immature females. Defeat of dominant stallions was infrequent. Immature males were tolerated because of their submissive behaviour. Bachelor stallion groups were inherently unstable. Mares came into heat after foaling in May/June, and were mated by harem stallions only. | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0449-3087 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:1060766 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 1964 | ||
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Author | Giles, N.; Tupper, J. | ||||
Title | Equine interspecies aggression | Type | |||
Year | 2006 | Publication | The Veterinary record | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Rec. |
Volume | 159 | Issue | 22 | Pages | 756 |
Keywords | Aggression/*physiology; Animals; Horses/*physiology; Sheep/*physiology; Social Dominance | ||||
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Address | |||||
Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0042-4900 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:17127768 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 1779 | |||
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Author | de Waal, F.B. | ||||
Title | Primates--A natural heritage of conflict resolution | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | Science (New York, N.Y.) | Abbreviated Journal | Science |
Volume | 289 | Issue | 5479 | Pages | 586-590 |
Keywords | Aggression/*psychology; Animals; Behavior, Animal; *Conflict (Psychology); Female; Humans; Male; *Primates; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance | ||||
Abstract | The traditional notion of aggression as an antisocial instinct is being replaced by a framework that considers it a tool of competition and negotiation. When survival depends on mutual assistance, the expression of aggression is constrained by the need to maintain beneficial relationships. Moreover, evolution has produced ways of countering its disruptive consequences. For example, chimpanzees kiss and embrace after fights, and other nonhuman primates engage in similar “reconciliations.” Theoretical developments in this field carry implications for human aggression research. From families to high schools, aggressive conflict is subject to the same constraints known of cooperative animal societies. It is only when social relationships are valued that one can expect the full complement of natural checks and balances. | ||||
Address | Living Links, Center for the Advanced Study of Human and Ape Evolution, Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, and Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. dewaal@emory.edu | ||||
Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0036-8075 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:10915614 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 187 | ||
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Author | Grosenick, L.; Clement, T.S.; Fernald, R.D. | ||||
Title | Fish can infer social rank by observation alone | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2007 | Publication | Nature | Abbreviated Journal | Nature |
Volume | 445 | Issue | 7126 | Pages | 429-432 |
Keywords | Aggression/physiology; Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Female; Fishes/*physiology; Learning/*physiology; Male; Models, Biological; *Social Dominance; Territoriality | ||||
Abstract | Transitive inference (TI) involves using known relationships to deduce unknown ones (for example, using A > B and B > C to infer A > C), and is thus essential to logical reasoning. First described as a developmental milestone in children, TI has since been reported in nonhuman primates, rats and birds. Still, how animals acquire and represent transitive relationships and why such abilities might have evolved remain open problems. Here we show that male fish (Astatotilapia burtoni) can successfully make inferences on a hierarchy implied by pairwise fights between rival males. These fish learned the implied hierarchy vicariously (as 'bystanders'), by watching fights between rivals arranged around them in separate tank units. Our findings show that fish use TI when trained on socially relevant stimuli, and that they can make such inferences by using indirect information alone. Further, these bystanders seem to have both spatial and featural representations related to rival abilities, which they can use to make correct inferences depending on what kind of information is available to them. Beyond extending TI to fish and experimentally demonstrating indirect TI learning in animals, these results indicate that a universal mechanism underlying TI is unlikely. Rather, animals probably use multiple domain-specific representations adapted to different social and ecological pressures that they encounter during the course of their natural lives. | ||||
Address | Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA. logang@stanford.edu | ||||
Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 1476-4687 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:17251980 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 600 | ||
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Author | Craig, J.V. | ||||
Title | Measuring social behavior: social dominance | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | Journal of animal science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Anim Sci. |
Volume | 62 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1120-1129 |
Keywords | Aggression; Agonistic Behavior; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Chickens; Competitive Behavior; Female; Horses; Male; *Social Dominance; Swine | ||||
Abstract | Social dominance develops more slowly when young animals are kept in intact peer groups where they need not compete for resources. Learned generalizations may cause smaller and weaker animals to accept subordinate status readily when confronted with strangers that would be formidable opponents. Sexual hormones and sensitivity to them can influence the onset of aggression and status attained. After dominance orders are established, they tend to be stable in female groups but are less so in male groups. Psychological influences can affect dominance relationships when strangers meet and social alliances within groups may affect relative status of individuals. Whether status associated with agonistic behavior is correlated with control of space and scarce resources needs to be determined for each species and each kind of resource. When such correlations exists, competitive tests and agonistic behavior associated with gaining access to scarce resources can be useful to the observer in learning about dominance relationships rapidly. Examples are given to illustrate how estimates of social dominance can be readily attained and some strengths and weaknesses of the various methods. | ||||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0021-8812 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:3519554 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 676 | ||
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Author | Pereira, M.E.; Schill, J.L.; Charles, E.P. | ||||
Title | Reconciliation in captive Guyanese squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2000 | Publication | American journal of primatology | Abbreviated Journal | Am. J. Primatol. |
Volume | 50 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 159-167 |
Keywords | Aggression; Agonistic Behavior; Animals; Conflict (Psychology); Female; Guyana; Male; Saimiri/*psychology; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance | ||||
Abstract | The tendency for agonistic interaction to increase the probability of friendly interaction between social partners has been demonstrated across a range of Old World primates. While research on such post-conflict behavior proceeds into an hypothesis-testing phase, new comparative information must accumulate to provide full phylogenetic perspective on primate social behavior. Data from New World and prosimian primates are yet extremely limited. We studied captive squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) via post-conflict (PC) and matched control (MC) observations and analyzed results using both the PC-MC and time-rule methods. Former opponents maintaining affiliative relationships soon engaged in friendly interaction following large proportions of agonistic interactions, whereas non-affiliated individuals, including virtually all male-female pairs, reconciled conflicts rarely. Close-proximity approaching and huddling contact constituted the principal modes of post-conflict amicability. Agonistic interactions of relatively high intensity were most likely to be reconciled and most likely to be reconciled via physical contact. High vulnerability of Saimiri to predation may have favored this species' strong inclination to reconcile soon after agonistic interaction. Research on free-living populations of this and other primate species is needed to illuminate similarities and differences across taxa. | ||||
Address | Department of Biology and Program in Animal Behavior, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, USA. mpereira@bucknell.edu | ||||
Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0275-2565 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:10676712 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 2878 | ||
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