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Author Saleh, N.; Chittka, L.
Title The importance of experience in the interpretation of conspecific chemical signals Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 215-220
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Abstract Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp;Foraging bumblebees scent mark flowers with hydrocarbon secretions. Several studies have found these scent marks act as a repellent to bee foragers. This was thought to minimize the risk of visiting recently depleted flowers. Some studies, however, have found a reverse, attractive effect of scent marks left on flowers. Do bees mark flowers with different scents, or could the same scent be interpreted differently depending on the bees? previous experience with reward levels in flowers? We use a simple experimental design to investigate if the scent marks can become attractive when bees forage on artificial flowers that remain rewarding upon the bees? return after having depleted them. We contrast this with bees trained in the more natural scenario where revisits to recently emptied flowers are unrewarding. The bees association between scent mark and reward value was tested with flowers scent marked from the same source. We find that the bees experience with the level of reward determines how the scent mark is interpreted: the same scent can act as both an attractant and a repellent. How experience and learning influence the interpretation of the meaning of chemical signals deposited by animals for communication has rarely been investigated.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3150
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Author Dugatkin, L.A.; Alfieri, M.
Title Guppies and the TIT FOR TAT strategy: preference based on past interaction Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 243-246
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Abstract The evolution of cooperation requires either (a) nonrandom interactions, such that cooperators preferentially interact with other cooperators, or (b) conditional behaviors, such that individuals act cooperatively primarily towards other cooperators. Although these conditions can be met without assuming sophisticated animal cognition, they are more likely to be met if animals can remember individuals with whom they have interacted, associate past interactions with these individuals, and base future behavior on this information. Here we show that guppies (Poecilia reticulata), in the context of predator inspection behavior, can identify and remember (for at least 4 h) the “more cooperative” among two conspecifics and subsequently choose to be near these individuals in future encounters.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3397
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Author Boitani, L.
Title Patterns of homesites attendance in two Minnesota wolf packs Type Book Chapter
Year 1982 Publication Wolves of the World: Perspectives of Behavior, Ecology and Conservation Abbreviated Journal
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Publisher Noyes, Park Ridge Place of Publication New York Editor Harrington, F.H.; Paquet, P.C.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Boitani1982 Serial 6474
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Author Jedrzejewski, W.; Schmidt, K.; Theuerkauf, J.; Jedrzejewska, B.; Selva, N.; Zub, K.
Title Kill rate and predation by wolves on ungulate populations in Bialowieza primeval forest (Poland) Type Journal Article
Year 2002 Publication Ecology Abbreviated Journal
Volume 83 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jedrzejewski2002 Serial 6481
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Author Shettleworth, S.J.
Title Cognitive ecology: field or label? Type Journal Article
Year 2000 Publication Trends in Ecology & Evolution Abbreviated Journal Trends. Ecol. Evol
Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 161
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Address Depts of Psychology and Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0169-5347 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:10717686 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 373
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Author Dugatkin, L.A.
Title Bystander effects and the structure of dominance hierarchies Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Behavioral Ecology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol.
Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 348-352
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Abstract Prior modeling work has found that pure winner and loser effects (i.e., changing the estimation of your own fighting ability as a function of direct prior experience) can have important consequences for hierarchy formation. Here these models are extended to incorporate “bystander effects.” When bystander effects are in operation, observers (i.e., bystanders) of aggressive interactions change their assessment of the protagonists' fighting abilities (depending on who wins and who loses). Computer simulations demonstrate that when bystander winner effects alone are at play, groups have a clear omega (bottom-ranking individual), while the relative position of other group members remains difficult to determine. When only bystander loser effects are in operation, wins and losses are randomly distributed throughout a group (i.e., no discernible hierarchy). When pure and bystander winner effects are jointly in place, a linear hierarchy, in which all positions (i.e., {alpha} to {delta} when N = 4) are clearly defined, emerges. Joint pure and bystander loser effects produce the same result. In principle one could test the predictions from the models developed here in a straightforward comparative study. Hopefully, the results of this model will spur on such studies in the future.
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Notes 10.1093/beheco/12.3.348 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 441
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Author Mesterton-Gibbons, M.; Dugatkin, L.A.
Title Toward a theory of dominance hierarchies: effects of assessment, group size, and variation in fighting ability Type Journal Article
Year 1995 Publication Behavioral Ecology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol.
Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 416-423
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Abstract We introduce assessment to the analysis of dominance hierarchies by exploring the effect of an evolutionarily stable fighting rule when there is variation in resource holding potential (RHP) and RHP is not a perfectly reliable predictor of the outcome of a fight. With assessment, the probability of a linear hierarchy decreases with group size but can remain appreciable for groups of up to seven or eight individuals, whereas it decreases virtually to zero if there is no assessment. The probability of a hierarchy that correlates perfectly with RHP is low unless group size is small.
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Notes 10.1093/beheco/6.4.416 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 447
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Author Cameron, E. Z.,; Linklater, W. L.,; Stafford, K.J.,; Minot, E. O.,
Title Social grouping and maternal behaviour in feral horses (Equus caballus): the influence of males on maternal protectiveness Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
Volume 53 Issue 2 Pages 92-101
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Abstract The risk of infant injury or mortality influences maternal behaviour, particularly protectiveness. Mares are found in bands with a single stallion or bands with more than one stallion in which paternity is less certain. We investigated maternal behaviour in relation to band type. Mares in bands with more than one stallion were more protective of their foals, particularly when stallions and foals approached one another. The rate of aggression between the stallion and foal was a significant predictor of maternal protectiveness, and mare protectiveness was significantly correlated with reduced reproductive success in the subsequent year. Mares that changed band types with a foal at foot, or had their band type experimentally altered, were more protective of their foal in multi-stallion bands than they were in single-stallion bands. Equids are unusual amongst ungulates in that infanticide and feticide have been reported. Both occur where paternity has been uncertain, and equid social structure is similar to other species in which infanticide has been reported. Stallions benefit from infanticide as the mare has greater reproductive success in the subsequent year. Stallion aggression is a significant modifier of mare behaviour and maternal effort, probably due to the risk of infanticide.
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Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 458
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Author Naguib, M.; Amrhein, V.; Kunc, H.P.
Title Effects of territorial intrusions on eavesdropping neighbors: communication networks in nightingales Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Behavioral Ecology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol.
Volume 15 Issue 6 Pages 1011-1015
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Abstract Animal communication often occurs in communication networks in which multiple signalers and receivers are within signaling range of each other. In such networks, individuals can obtain information on the quality and motivation of territorial neighbors by eavesdropping on their signaling interactions. In songbirds, extracting information from interactions involving neighbors is thought to be an important factor in the evolution of strategies of territory defense. In a playback experiment with radio-tagged nightingales Luscinia megarhynchos we here demonstrate that territorial males use their familiar neighbors' performance in a vocal interaction with an unfamiliar intruder as a standard for their own response. Males were attracted by a vocal interaction between their neighbor and a simulated stranger and intruded into the neighbor's territory. The more intensely the neighbor had interacted with playback, the earlier the intrusions were made, indicating that males eavesdropped on the vocal contest involving a neighbor. However, males never intruded when we had simulated by a second playback that the intruder had retreated and sang outside the neighbor's territory. These results suggest that territorial males use their neighbors' singing behavior as an early warning system when territorial integrity is threatened. Simultaneous responses by neighboring males towards unfamiliar rivals are likely to be beneficial to the individuals in maintaining territorial integrity.
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Notes 10.1093/beheco/arh108 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 499
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Author Sharp, T.; Saunders, G.
Title mustering of feral horses Type Manuscript
Year Publication Ecology Abbreviated Journal
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Abstract Background

Feral horses (Equus caballus) can cause significant environmental damage and losses to

rural industries. Although considered pests, feral horses are also a resource, providing

products such as pet meat for the domestic market and meat for human consumption

for the export market. Control methods include trapping, mustering exclusion fencing,

ground shooting and shooting from helicopters.

Feral horses are mustered by helicopter, motorbike or on horseback, sometimes with the

assistance of coacher horses. Once mustered into yards, net traps or fenced paddocks, the

horses are usually sold to abattoirs for slaughter which can offset the costs of capture and

handling. Less commonly, they are sold as riding horses or relocated to reserves or horse

sanctuaries. Where there is no market for them or where removal may be too costly or

impractical e.g. in conservation areas or remote areas without access to transportation,

horses are sometimes destroyed by shooting in the yards.

This standard operating procedure (SOP) is a guide only; it does not replace or

override the legislation that applies in the relevant State or Territory jurisdiction.

The SOP should only be used subject to the applicable legal requirements (including

OH&S) operating in the relevant jurisdiction.
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Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 517
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