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Author |
Dawkins, M.S. |
Title |
Who Needs Consciousness? |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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19-29 |
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3489 |
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Taylor, J.G. |
Title |
What do Neuronal Network Models of the Mind Indicate about Animal Consciousness? |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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63-75 |
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3490 |
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Author |
Wemelsfelder, F. |
Title |
The Inside and Outside Aspects of Consciousness: Complementary Approaches to the Study of Animal Emotion |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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129-139 |
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3492 |
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Author |
Lea, S.E.G. |
Title |
Anticipation and Memory as Criteria for Special Welfare Consideration |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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195-208 |
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3493 |
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Author |
Held, S.; Mendl, M.; Devereux, C.; Byrne, R.W. |
Title |
Studies in Social Cognition: From Primates to Pigs |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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209-217 |
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3494 |
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Kurtzman H.S.; Church R.M.; Crystal J.D. |
Title |
Data archiving for animal cognition research: Report of an NIMH workshop |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Animal Learning & Behavior |
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30 |
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405-412 |
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3504 |
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Author |
Mendl, M.; Paul, E.S. |
Title |
Consciousness, emotion and animal welfare: insights from cognitive science |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2004 |
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Animal Welfare |
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13 |
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17-25 |
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3512 |
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Schneider, J.D.; Tokach, M.D.; Dritz, S.S.; Nelssen, J.L.; DeRouchey, J.M.; Goodband, R.D. |
Title |
Effects of feeding schedule on body condition, aggressiveness, and reproductive failure in group housed sows |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
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J. Anim Sci. |
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jas.2007-0345- |
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A total of 208 sows and 288 gilts (PIC Line C29) were used to determine the influence of feeding frequency (2 versus 6 times/d, floor fed) on performance and welfare measurements on a commercial sow farm. Treatments consisted of feeding similar amounts of feed to each sow (2.5 kg) or gilt (2.05 kg) over 2 (0700 and 1530 h) or 6 times daily (0700, 0730, 0800, 1530, 1600, and 1630). There were 8 sows or 12 gilts in each pen. Gilts and sows were moved to pens 1 to 4 d after breeding. In sows, there were no differences (P > 0.10) in ADG, backfat change, or variation in BW. There was a trend (P < 0.08) for sows fed twice a daily to farrow more total pigs born, but number born alive or other reproductive performance traits were not different (P > 0.10) among treatments. Sows fed 6 times per d had increased vocalization during the morning (P < 0.07) and afternoon (P < 0.01) feeding periods compared with sows fed twice daily. Sows fed twice daily had more skin (P < 0.01) and vulva (P < 0.04) lesions as well as a small increase in feet and leg (P < 0.01) and hoof (P < 0.02) problems. In this commercial facility, the standard management protocol required moving gilts to a different gestation facility on d 42. On d 42, 2 pens of gilts with similar breeding dates and treatment were combined and moved to another facility with larger pens until farrowing. Gilts fed 6 times daily had a tendency for greater ADG (P < 0.07) from d 0 to 42, and a tendency for greater (P < 0.09) backfat on d 42. After movement to the larger groups from d 42 to farrowing, ADG was similar (P > 0.10) for gilts fed 2 or 6 times daily. Gilts fed twice daily had lower BW variation at d 42 (P < 0.04) and tended to at farrowing (P < 0.10). In gilts, there were no differences (P > 0.10) for reproductive performance, skin and vulva lesions, and feet, leg scores. In conclusion, there were few growth, farrowing, or aggression differences among gilts fed either 2 or 6 times daily. This suggests that either feeding method is suitable for group housed gilts. Among sows, feeding frequency resulted in few growth or farrowing performance differences. Feeding 6 times daily resulted in a small but significant reduction in skin and vulva lesions and structural problem scores while increasing vocalization. Increasing the feeding frequency from 2 to 6 times daily does not appear to have a negative or positive impact on performance or welfare of group housed gilts and sows. |
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10.2527/jas.2007-0345 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4250 |
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Author |
Grzimek, B. |
Title |
On the Psychology of the Horse |
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Year |
1968 |
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Man and Animal: Studies in Behavior |
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37-46 |
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Cited By (since 1996): 4; Export Date: 24 October 2008 |
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Admin @ knut @ |
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4592 |
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Author |
McLean, A.N. |
Title |
The mental processes of the horse and their consequences for training |
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2004 |
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Animal Welfare Science Centre |
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Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 24 October 2008 |
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4619 |
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