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Author Traversa, D.; Giangaspero, A.; Galli, P.; Paoletti, B.; Otranto, D.; Gasser, R.B.
Title Specific identification of Habronema microstoma and Habronema muscae (Spirurida, Habronematidae) by PCR using markers in ribosomal DNA Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Molecular and Cellular Probes Abbreviated Journal Mol Cell Probes
Volume 18 Issue (down) 4 Pages 215-221
Keywords Animals; Base Sequence; DNA, Ribosomal/blood/*genetics; Feces/parasitology; Genetic Markers; Horses/*parasitology; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscidae/*genetics; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Spirurida Infections/genetics; Spiruroidea/*genetics; Stomach/*parasitology
Abstract Gastric or cutaneous habronemosis caused by Habronema microstoma Creplin, 1849 and Habronema muscae Carter, 1865 is a parasitic disease of equids transmitted by muscid flies. There is a paucity of information on the epidemiology of this disease, which is mainly due to limitations with diagnosis in the live animal and with the identification of the parasites in the intermediate hosts. To overcome such limitations, a molecular approach, based on the use of genetic markers in the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of ribosomal DNA, was established for the two species of Habronema. Characterisation of the ITS-2 revealed sequence lengths and G+C contents of 296 bp and 29.5% for H. microstoma, and of 334 bp and 35.9% for H. muscae, respectively. Exploiting the sequence difference (approximately 40%) between the two species of nematode, primers were designed and tested by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for their specificity using a panel of control DNA samples from common equid endoparasites, and from host tissues, faeces or muscid flies. Effective amplification from each of the two species of Habronema was achieved from as little as 10 pg of genomic DNA. Hence, this molecular approach allows the specific identification and differentiation of the DNA from H. microstoma and H. muscae, and could thus provide a molecular tool for the specific detection of Habronema DNA (irrespective of developmental stage) from faeces, skin and muscid fly samples. The establishment of this tool has important implications for the specific diagnosis of clinical cases of gastric and cutaneous habronemosis in equids, and for studying the ecology and epidemiology of the two species of Habronema.
Address Department of Biomedical Comparative Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0890-8508 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:15271381 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2634
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Author Iwuala, M.O.; Okpala, I.
Title Studies on the ectoparasitic fauna of Nigerian livestock II: Seasonal infestation rates Type Journal Article
Year 1978 Publication Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa. Bulletin des Sante et Production Animales en Afrique Abbreviated Journal Bull Anim Health Prod Afr
Volume 26 Issue (down) 4 Pages 351-359
Keywords Animal Diseases/*epidemiology; Animals; Cattle; Dogs; Ecology; Ectoparasitic Infestations/epidemiology/*veterinary; Goats; Horses; Nigeria; Seasons; Sheep; Swine
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0378-9721 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:756759 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2695
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Author Iwuala, M.O.; Okpala, I.
Title Studies on the ectoparasitic fauna of Nigerian livestock I: Types and distribution patterns on hosts' Type Journal Article
Year 1978 Publication Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa. Bulletin des Sante et Production Animales en Afrique Abbreviated Journal Bull Anim Health Prod Afr
Volume 26 Issue (down) 4 Pages 339-350
Keywords Animal Diseases/*epidemiology; Animals; Cattle; Dogs; Ecology; Ectoparasitic Infestations/epidemiology/*veterinary; Goats; Horses; Nigeria; Sheep; Swine
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0378-9721 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:756758 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2696
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Author Manning, G.S.; Ratanarat, C.
Title Fasciolopsis buski (Lankester, 1857) in Thailand Type Journal Article
Year 1970 Publication The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Abbreviated Journal Am J Trop Med Hyg
Volume 19 Issue (down) 4 Pages 613-619
Keywords Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Buffaloes; Cattle; Child; Child, Preschool; *Disease Reservoirs; Dogs; Ecology; *Fasciolidae; Feces; Female; Health Surveys; Horses; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; *Plants, Edible; Sex Factors; *Snails; Swine; Thailand; Trematode Infections/*epidemiology
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0002-9637 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:5425498 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2734
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Author Gray, E.R.; Spetch, M.L.
Title Pigeons Encode Absolute Distance but Relational Direction From Landmarks and Walls Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes Abbreviated Journal
Volume 32 Issue (down) 4 Pages 474-480
Keywords spatial cognition; absolute distance; relational direction; landmark configurations
Abstract In recent studies, researchers have examined animals' use of absolute or relational distances in finding a hidden goal. When trained with an array of landmarks, most animals use the default strategy of searching at an absolute distance from 1 or more landmarks. In contrast, when trained in enclosures, animals often use the relationship among walls. In the present study, pigeons were trained to find the center of an array of landmarks or a set of short walls that did not block external cues. Expansion tests showed that both groups of pigeons primarily used an absolute distance strategy. However, on rotational tests, pigeons continued to search in the center of the array, suggesting that direction was learned in relation to array.
Address
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2894
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Author Meyer, W.; Pakur, M.
Title [Remarks on the domestic dog as an object of instruction for the education of the developing child] Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift Abbreviated Journal Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr
Volume 112 Issue (down) 4 Pages 131-138
Keywords Animals; Animals, Domestic; *Bonding, Human-Pet; Character; Child; *Child Development; Child, Preschool; Cognition; *Dogs; Emotions; Empathy; Humans
Abstract Based on an intensive analysis of literature, the study summarizes problems involved in the significance of domesticated dogs as objects of instruction and assistants of the education of children. Several important topics are discussed in view of advances for children in families keeping dogs. Such topics are mainly related to a general socio-emotional level, the support of cognitive development and character formation. Further aspects are the acquisition of a sense of responsibility, and the development of self-confidence, a sense of social membership and security, as well as important attributes of character such as frankness, broad mindedness, and sympathetic understanding. Moreover, knowledge about the life cycle and functions of body organs can be conveyed, and the dog could, at least in part, substitute for brothers and sisters. Basically, positive attitudes towards animals in general, as well as nature and environment are supported. All topics are critically commented and considered to be realistic or not. The supporting role of parents, in particular, is emphasized. Parental commitment should include deep concern with the typical attributes of the dog breed desired, and optimal dog keeping conditions to prevent harm to the children. The final commentary lays special emphasis on negative features of domestication for a pet owner, and cautions against non-biological and illusionary ideas about domesticated animals.
Address Anatomisches Institut der Tierakztlichen Hochschule Hannover
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title Bemerkungen zum Haushund als Lehrobjekt und Erziehungshilfe fur das sich entwickelnde Kind
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0005-9366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:10337055 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4155
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Author de Villiers, M.S.; Richardson, P.R.K.; van Jaarsveld, A.S.
Title Patterns of coalition formation and spatial association in a social carnivore, the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Journal of Zoology Abbreviated Journal J Zool
Volume 260 Issue (down) 4 Pages 377-389
Keywords coalitions; social systems; Carnivora; Lycaon pictus
Abstract In many social species, relationships within groups seem to be non-random but related to variables such as rank, kinship or sexual attractiveness. The endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus is a social carnivore that lives in large, stable packs, and intra-pack associations might be expected to display similar patterns. We investigated patterns of coalition formation (support during dominance interactions, and partnership interactions) and resting associations between members of a captive pack of 19 wild dogs. The social organization of the captive pack was similar to that of free-ranging packs in many respects. Polyadic (group) incidents of coalition support were also observed in a free-ranging pack. Patterns of coalition formation in the captive pack were related to rank. Most aggressive interactions involved high-ranking individuals (particularly the alpha, beta and third-ranking males) and coalitionary support tended to reinforce the existing hierarchy. However, there was at least one example of support influencing a successful rank challenge. Support was affected by potential risks and benefits, the latter including dominance through association and revolutionary alliances. An even stronger pattern overlaid associations between pack members: coalitions and resting associations were strongest between members of the same age–sex cohort, and may have enabled the eventual dominance of younger pack members over adults. Among adults, coalitionary associations were sometimes overridden by intersexual relationships. The results from this captive pack suggest that wild dogs are sensitive to differences in competitive ability. This information, in conjunction with strong affiliative bonds between littermates, is used to manoeuvre for position in the social hierarchy. It may also be important during dispersal, in encounters with other dispersing groups of the same sex. Although most features of the social structure of the captive pack were comparable to those of free-ranging packs, aspects such as the influence of relatedness on coalition formation still need to be explored.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1469-7998 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5249
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Author Byrne, R.W.; Whiten, A.; Henzi, S.P.
Title Social relationships of mountain baboons: Leadership and affiliation in a non-female-bonded monkey Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication American journal of primatology Abbreviated Journal Am. J. Primatol.
Volume 20 Issue (down) 4 Pages 313-329
Keywords relationships; one-male groups; female-bonding; spacing; support; Papio ursinus; Papio hamadryas
Abstract Abstract 10.1002/ajp.1350200409.abs Instead of close and differentiated relationships among adult females, the accepted norm for savanna baboons, groups of Drakensberg mountain baboons (Papio ursinus) showed strong affiliation of females towards a single male. The same male was usually the decision-making animal in controlling group movements. Lactating or pregnant females focused their grooming on this “leader” male, producing a radially patterned sociogram, as in the desert baboon (P. hamadryas); the leader male supported young animals in the group against aggression and protected them against external threats. Unlike typical savanna baboons, these mountain baboons rarely displayed approach-retreat or triadic interactions, and entirely lacked coalitions among adult females. Both groups studied were reproductively one-male; male-female relationships in one were like those in a unit of a hamadryas male at his peak, while the other group resembled the unit of an old hamadryas male, who still leads the group, with a male follower starting to build up a new unit and already monopolizing mating. In their mountain environment, where the low population density suggests conditions as harsh for baboons as in deserts, adults in these groups kept unusually large distances apart during ranging; kin tended to range apart, and spacing of adults was greatest at the end of the dry, winter season. These facts support the hypothesis that sparse food is responsible for convergence with hamadryas social organization. It is suggested that all baboons, though matrilocal, are better categorized as “cross-sex-bonded” than “female bonded”.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1098-2345 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5309
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Author Sankey, C.; Richard-Yris, M.-A.; Leroy, H.; Henry, S.; Hausberger, M.
Title Positive interactions lead to lasting positive memories in horses, Equus caballus Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Animal Behaviour Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 79 Issue (down) 4 Pages 869-875
Keywords Equus caballus; horse; human–animal relationship; learning; memory; positive interaction; social cognition
Abstract Social relationships are important in social species. These relationships, based on repeated interactions, define each partner's expectations during the following encounters. The creation of a relationship implies high social cognitive abilities which require that each partner is able to associate the positive or negative content of an interaction with a specific partner and to recall this association. In this study, we tested the effects of repeated interactions on the memory kept by 23 young horses about humans, after 6 and 8 months of separation. The association of a reward with a learning task in an interactional context induced positive reactions towards humans during training. It also increased contact and interest, not only just after training, but also several months later, despite no further interaction with humans. In addition, this ‘positive memory’ of humans extended to novel persons. Overall, positive reinforcement enhanced learning and memorization of the task itself. These findings suggest remarkable social cognitive abilities that can be transposed from intraspecific to interspecific social contexts.
Address
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Language Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5418
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Author Uchiyama, H.; Ohtani, N.; Ohta, M.
Title Three-dimensional analysis of horse and human gaits in therapeutic riding Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.
Volume 135 Issue (down) 4 Pages 271-276
Keywords Equine-facilitated interventions; Horse gait; Human gait; Three-dimensional analysis; Horse riding
Abstract Therapeutic horse riding or hippotherapy is used as an intervention for treating individuals with mental and physical disabilities. Equine-assisted interventions are based on the hypothesis that the movement of the horse's pelvis during horseback riding resembles human ambulation, and thus provides motor and sensory inputs similar to those received during human walking. However, this hypothesis has not been investigated quantitatively and qualitatively. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis by conducting a three-dimensional analysis of the horse's movements while walking and human ambulation. Using four sets of equipments, we analysed the acceleration patterns of walking in 50 healthy humans and 11 horses. In addition, we analysed the exercise intensity by comparing the heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure of 127 healthy individuals before and after walking and horse riding. The acceleration data series of the stride phase of horse walking were compared with those of human walking, and the frequencies (in Hz) were analysed by Fast Fourier transform. The acceleration curves of human walking overlapped with those of horse walking, with the frequency band of human walking corresponding with that of horse walking. Exercise intensity, as measured by the heart rate and breathing rate, was not significantly different between horse riding and human walking. The levels of diastolic blood pressure were slightly higher during horse riding than during walking, but were lower during both conditions compared with those in normal conditions (P < 0.01). The present study shows that, although not completely matched, the accelerations of the horse and human walking are comparable quantitatively and qualitatively. Horse riding at a walking gait could generate motor and sensory inputs similar to those produced by human walking, and thus could provide optimum benefits to persons with ambulatory difficulties.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0168-1591 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5488
Permanent link to this record