Records |
Author |
Mills, D.S. |
Title |
Comments about the importance of behaviour to equine clinicians |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
39 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
95 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal/physiology; *Clinical Competence; Horses/*physiology; Humans; Veterinarians/*psychology; Veterinary Medicine/*standards |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:17228604 |
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1839 |
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Author |
Robertson, S. |
Title |
The importance of assessing pain in horses and donkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
38 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
5-6 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal/physiology; Equidae/*physiology; Horses/physiology; Pain/diagnosis/prevention & control/*veterinary; Pain Measurement/methods/*veterinary; Veterinary Medicine/*methods |
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Address |
Section of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, College of Veterinary of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0136, USA |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:16411578 |
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no |
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Serial |
1881 |
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Author |
Hawkes, J.; Hedges, M.; Daniluk, P.; Hintz, H.F.; Schryver, H.F. |
Title |
Feed preferences of ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
20-22 |
Keywords |
*Animal Feed; Animals; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Female; *Food Preferences; Horses/*physiology; Male |
Abstract |
Preference trials were conducted with mature ponies. In Trial 1, oats were compared with oats plus sucrose. Four of six pony geldings selected oats plus sucrose, but one pony demonstrated a dislike for sucrose and one selected from the bucket on the right side regardless of content. Oats, maize, barley, rye and wheat were compared in Trial 2 using six mature pony mares. Oats were the preferred grain, with maize and barley ranking second and third respectively. Wheat and rye were the least preferred. Even though the ponies demonstrated preference, the total intake at a given meal was not greatly depressed when only the less palatable grains were fed. In Trial 3, pony mares selected a diet containing 20 per cent dried distillers' grain and 80 per cent of a basal mixed diet of maize, oats, wheat bran, soybean meal, limestone and molasses over 100 per cent basal mixed diet, but selected the basal diet over diets containing 20 per cent blood meal, beet pulp or meat and bone meal and 80 per cent basal diet. They did not differentiate against diets containing 20 per cent alfalfa meal or 10 or 5 per cent meat and bone meal when the diets were compared to the basal mixed diet. |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:3979369 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2298 |
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Rhodin, M.; Johnston, C.; Holm, K.R.; Wennerstrand, J.; Drevemo, S. |
Title |
The influence of head and neck position on kinematics of the back in riding horses at the walk and trot |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
7-11 |
Keywords |
Acceleration; Animals; Back/*physiology; Biomechanics; Exercise Test/veterinary; Female; Gait/*physiology; Head/*physiology; Horses/*physiology; Male; Movement/physiology; Neck/*physiology; Walking/physiology |
Abstract |
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: A common opinion among riders and in the literature is that the positioning of the head and neck influences the back of the horse, but this has not yet been measured objectively. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of head and neck position on the kinematics of the back in riding horses. METHODS: Eight Warmblood riding horses in regular work were studied on a treadmill at walk and trot with the head and neck in 3 different predetermined positions achieved by side reins attached to the bit and to an anticast roller. The 3-dimensional movement of the thoracolumbar spine was measured from the position of skin-fixed markers recorded by infrared videocameras. RESULTS: Head and neck position influenced the movements of the back, especially at the walk. When the head was fixed in a high position at the walk, the flexion-extension movement and lateral bending of the lumbar back, as well as the axial rotation, were significantly reduced when compared to movements with the head free or in a low position. At walk, head and neck position also significantly influenced stride length, which was shortest with the head in a high position. At trot, the stride length was independent of head position. CONCLUSIONS: Restricting and restraining the position and movement of the head and neck alters the movement of the back and stride characteristics. With the head and neck in a high position stride length and flexion and extension of the caudal back were significantly reduced. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Use of side reins in training and rehabilitation programmes should be used with an understanding of the possible effects on the horse's back. |
Address |
Department of Anatomy, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:15651727 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3657 |
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Author |
Christensen, J.W.; Malmkvist, J.; Nielsen, B.L.; Keeling, L.J. |
Title |
Effects of a calm companion on fear reactions in naive test horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
40 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
46-50 |
Keywords |
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Abstract |
REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: In fear-eliciting situations, horses tend to show flight reactions that can be dangerous for both horse and man. Finding appropriate methods for reducing fearfulness in horses has important practical implications. OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the presence of a calm companion horse influences fear reactions in naive subject horses. HYPOTHESES: The presence of a habituated (calm) companion horse in a fear-eliciting situation can reduce fear reactions in naive subject horses, compared to subject horses with a nonhabituated companion (control). METHODS: Minimally handled (n = 36), 2-year-old stallions were used, 18 as subjects and 18 as companions. Companion horses (n = 9) were habituated to an otherwise frightening, standardised test stimulus (calm companions), whereas the rest (n = 9) of the companion horses remained nonhabituated (control companions). During the test, unique pairs of companion and subject horses were exposed to the test stimulus while heart rate and behavioural responses were registered. Subsequently, subject horses were exposed to the stimulus on their own (post test). RESULTS: Subject horses, paired with a calm companion horse, showed less fear-related behaviour and lower heart rate responses compared to subject horses with control companions. Results from the post test suggest that the difference between treatment groups remained in the subsequent absence of companion horses. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: It appears possible to reduce fear reactions in young, naive horses by allowing them to interact with a calm companion horse in fear-eliciting situations. |
Address |
Department of Animal Health, Welfare and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Aarhus, PO Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:18083659 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4355 |
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Author |
Sullivan, K.A.; Hill, A.E.; Haussler, K.K. |
Title |
The effects of chiropractic, massage and phenylbutazone on spinal mechanical nociceptive thresholds in horses without clinical signs |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
40 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
14-20 |
Keywords |
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Abstract |
REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Common methods used to treat back problems in horses need to be assessed objectively. OBJECTIVES: To measure spinal mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNTs) and evaluate the effects of chiropractic, massage and phenylbutazone, compared with active and inactive control groups. METHODS: Baseline MNTs at 7 sites within the thoracolumbar and sacral regions were measured in 38 healthy mature horses exhibiting no clinical signs of lumbar pain. Horses were assigned to one of 3 treatment groups: instrument-assisted chiropractic treatment, therapeutic massage and phenylbutazone; or 2 control groups: ridden exercise (active control) or routine paddock turnout with no ridden exercise (inactive control). MNT measurements were repeated at 1, 3 and 7 days post treatment. The percentage change from baseline MNT values was calculated within groups. RESULTS: On Day 7, the median MNT had increased by 27, 12 and 8% in the chiropractic, massage and phenylbutazone groups, respectively. MNT changes of <1% were seen within the active and inactive control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Chiropractic treatment and massage therapy increased spinal MNTs within horses not exhibiting signs of lumbar pain. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Pressure algometry provides an objective tool to evaluate the effects of commonly used, but currently unproven treatment modalities on spinal MNTs. Future studies need to evaluate combined treatment effects and longer-term MNT changes in horses with documented back pain. |
Address |
Valley Central High School, Montgomery, New York 12549 |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:18083655 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4356 |
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Author |
Virga, V.; Houpt, K.A. |
Title |
Prevalence of placentophagia in horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
33 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
208-210 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Colic/epidemiology/*veterinary; Exploratory Behavior; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology; Horses; Incidence; New York/epidemiology; *Placenta; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Questionnaires |
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Animal Behavior Clinic, Cornell University Hospital for Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:11266073 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
31 |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A. |
Title |
New perspectives on equine stereotypic behaviour |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
82-83 |
Keywords |
Animals; Horses/*psychology; Stereotyped Behavior/*physiology |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:7607153 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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34 |
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Author |
McGreevy, P.D.; Richardson, J.D.; Nicol, C.J.; Lane, J.G. |
Title |
Radiographic and endoscopic study of horses performing an oral based stereotypy |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
92-95 |
Keywords |
Animals; Endoscopy/*veterinary; Esophagus/physiopathology/radiography; Female; Fluoroscopy/veterinary; Horse Diseases/physiopathology/*psychology/radiography; Horses; Male; Pharynx/physiopathology/radiography; *Stereotyped Behavior; Video Recording |
Abstract |
There is confusion in the veterinary literature concerning the definition of oral based stereotypies in the horse. This study reports the use of fluoroscopy and endoscopy during cribbiting/wind-sucking in afflicted horses. This permitted observations of movements of the pharyngeal and oesophageal tissues and of the air column within during the stereotypic behaviour. The findings reported show that the sequence of events during crib-biting/wind-sucking is not related to deglutition and that air is not swallowed to the stomach. Transient dilation of the upper oesophagus was recorded and the characteristic noise of wind-sucking coincided with the in-rush of air through the cricopharynx. The oesophageal distension was relieved when the air returned to the pharynx although small quantities passed caudally. It is proposed that the role of contraction of the strap muscles of the neck is to create a pressure gradient in the soft tissues surrounding the oesophagus which provokes movement of air from the pharynx into the oesophagus. The findings suggest that the definitions currently used in the sale of horses are in need of revision. |
Address |
Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, UK |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:7607156 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
90 |
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Author |
McGreevy, P.D.; Cripps, P.J.; French, N.P.; Green, L.E.; Nicol, C.J. |
Title |
Management factors associated with stereotypic and redirected behaviour in the thoroughbred horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
86-91 |
Keywords |
Animal Husbandry/*methods; Animals; Horse Diseases/psychology/*therapy; Horses; Risk Factors; *Stereotyped Behavior; Time Factors |
Abstract |
A greater knowledge of the effect of management factors is required to investigate the ontogeny of abnormal behaviour in the stabled horse. A postal survey of racehorse (flat) trainers yielded information about 22 yard and management factors. The relationship of the factors to the prevalence of abnormal behaviour was analysed by logistic regression. Management factors related to the time spent in the stable showed the strongest associations with stereotypic behaviour. The risk of horses performing abnormal behaviour increased: 1) as the amount of forage fell below 6.8 kg/day, 2) when bedding types other than straw were used, 3) when the total number of horses on the yard was fewer than 75, 4) in association with box designs that minimised contact between neighbouring horses, 5) when hay, rather than other types of forage, was used. |
Address |
Department of Animal Health and Husbandry, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, UK |
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0425-1644 |
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PMID:7607155 |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
91 |
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