| Records |
| Author |
Mori, U. |
| Title |
Ecological and sociological studies of gelada baboons. Inter-unit relationships |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Contributions to Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Contrib Primatol |
| Volume |
16 |
Issue  |
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Pages |
83-92 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Female; *Haplorhini; Leadership; Sex Factors; *Social Behavior; Social Distance; *Theropithecus |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0301-4231 |
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| Notes |
PMID:101344 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2047 |
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| Author |
Mori, U. |
| Title |
Ecological and sociological studies of gelada baboons. Unit formation and the emergence of a new leader |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Contributions to Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Contrib Primatol |
| Volume |
16 |
Issue |
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Pages |
155-181 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Female; Grooming; *Haplorhini; Leadership; Male; *Social Behavior; Social Distance; *Theropithecus |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0301-4231 |
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| Notes |
PMID:101335 |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2048 |
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| Author |
Kawamura, S. |
| Title |
Aggression as studied in troops of Japanese monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1967 |
Publication |
UCLA Forum in Medical Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
UCLA Forum Med Sci |
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
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Pages |
195-223 |
| Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Defense Mechanisms; Female; *Haplorhini; Homosexuality; Humans; Japan; Leadership; Male; Play and Playthings; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Behavior; Socialization |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0082-7134 |
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| Notes |
PMID:4972333 |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2056 |
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| Author |
Mori, U. |
| Title |
Ecological and sociological studies of gelada baboons. Individual relationships within a unit |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Contributions to Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Contrib Primatol |
| Volume |
16 |
Issue |
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Pages |
93-124 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Female; Grooming; *Haplorhini; *Leadership; Male; Paternal Behavior; *Social Behavior; *Theropithecus |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0301-4231 |
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| Notes |
PMID:101345 |
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no |
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Serial |
2046 |
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| Author |
Krause Hoare; Hemelrijk; Rubenstein |
| Title |
Leadership in fish shoals |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Fish and Fisheries |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fish Fish |
| Volume |
1 |
Issue |
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Pages |
82-89 |
| Keywords |
directional locomotion; fish schools; front fish; nutritional state; schooling; shoal leadership; swimming direction |
| Abstract |
Leadership is not an inherent quality of animal groups that show directional locomotion. However, there are other factors that may be responsible for the occurrence of leadership in fish shoals, such as individual differences in nutritional state between group members. It appears that front fish have a strong influence on directional shoal movements and that individuals that occupy such positions are often characterised by larger body lengths and lower nutritional state. Potential interactions between the two factors and their importance for positioning within shoals need further attention. Initiation of directional movement in stationary shoals and position preferences in mobile shoals need to be addressed separately because they are potentially subject to different constraints. Individuals that initiate a swimming direction may not necessarily be capable of the sustained high swimming performance required to keep the front position or have the motivation to do so, for that matter. More empirical and theoretical work is necessary to look at the factors controlling positioning behaviour within shoals, as well as overall shoal shape and structure. Tracking of marked individuals whose positioning behaviour is monitored over extended time periods of hours or days would be useful. There is an indication that shoal positions are rotated by individuals according to their nutritional needs, with hungry fish occupying front positions only for as long as necessary to regain their nutritional balance. This suggests that shoal members effectively take turns at being leaders. There is a need for three-dimensional recordings of shoaling behaviour using high-speed video systems that allow a detailed analysis of information transfer in shoals of different size. The relationship between leadership and shoal size might provide an interesting field for future research. Most studies to date have been restricted to shoals of small and medium size and more information on larger shoals would be useful. |
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no |
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Serial |
2067 |
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| Author |
Briard, L.; Deneubourg, J.-L.; Petit, O. |
| Title |
How stallions influence the dynamic of collective movements in two groups of domestic horses, from departure to arrival |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
142 |
Issue |
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Pages |
56-63 |
| Keywords |
consensus; herding; polygyny; personal leadership; shared decision |
| Abstract |
Abstract The role of leader in polygynous species has been solely attributed to the male for some time, but recent studies shown decision making to be distributed within the group. However, the specific reproductive strategy and behavioural repertoire of males in polygynous species such as horses may mean that these individuals still have the potential to play a specific role during decision-making. To investigate this subject, we thoroughly studied the behaviour of two domestic stallions during collective movements of their group. We found that they initiated rarely and sometimes failed to recruit the entire group. When departing as followers, they did not accelerate the joining process. Both stallions preferentially occupied the rear position and exhibited numerous monitoring behaviours. Herding behaviours were performed by only one stallion and mostly occurred outside movement context. Finally, we removed this herding stallion from its group to evaluate how the group dynamic changed. As a result, half of the collective movements were five times slower and mares were more dispersed in comparison when the stallion was in the group. Overall, our results suggest that, the two stallions maintained their role of group monitors from departure to arrival. Their influence on the movement dynamic was indirect and did not play a specific role in the process of decision making. |
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0376-6357 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6151 |
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| Author |
McVey, A.; Wilkinson, A.; Mills, D.S. |
| Title |
Social learning in horses: the effect of using a group leader demonstrator on the performance of familiar conspecifics in a detour task |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Equine; Imitation; Leader; Social facilitation; Social learning |
| Abstract |
Learning through the observation of others allows the transfer of information without the costs incurred during individual trial and error learning. Horses (Equus caballus) are a highly social species, which might be expected to be capable of learning from others, but experimental findings are inconsistent, and potentially confounded by social facilitation effects not related directly to the learning of the task. We refined the methods used in previous equine social learning studies, to examine and distinguish specific social influences on learning of a task: we used predefined group leaders rather than agonistically dominant individuals to demonstrate a detour task to familiar conspecific observers; in addition we had two control groups: a non-observer (true control) and a group with the demonstrator simply present at the goal (social facilitation control). 44 socially kept horses were allocated to one of the three test conditions and took part in five trials each. Success rate, latency and detour direction were recorded. There was no significant difference between the three groups in the likelihood of them succeeding in the task nor latency to succeed; however there was a significant difference in the route chosen by the groups, with the true control choosing the side with the entrance gate significantly more than either the observer group or social facilitation group. Both of the latter two groups chose to go in the same direction relative to themselves, regardless of which side the gate was. Seven out of nine horses in the observer group chose the same direction as their demonstrator every time. Our results show a significant role of social facilitation on detour behaviour and highlight the importance of including adequate controls for simpler cognitive influences on behaviour before claims can be made about the specific learning of motor actions or goal directed behaviour. Social cues may be important to horses if the task is sufficiently challenging and motivationally important, so future work should consider more demanding, but ecologically relevant situations, in order to maximise the potential revelation of social learning effects which do not depend on simple local or stimulus enhancement effects. |
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| ISSN |
0168-1591 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6395 |
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| Author |
Krueger, K.; Flauger, B.; Farmer, K.; Hemelrijk, C. |
| Title |
Movement initiation in groups of feral horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
103 |
Issue |
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Pages |
91-101 |
| Keywords |
Horse; Equus ferus caballus; Distributed leadership; Herding; Departure; Rank |
| Abstract |
Abstract Herds of ungulates, flocks of birds, swarms of insects and schools of fish move in coordinated groups. Computer models show that only one or very few animals are needed to initiate and direct movement. To investigate initiation mechanisms further, we studied two ways in which movement can be initiated in feral horses: herding, and departure from the group. We examined traits affecting the likelihood of a horse initiating movement i.e. social rank, affiliative relationships, spatial position, and social network. We also investigated whether group members join a movement in dominance rank order. Our results show that whereas herding is exclusive to alpha males, any group member may initiate movement by departure. Social bonds, the number of animals interacted with, and the spatial position were not significantly associated with movement initiation. We did not find movement initiation by departure to be exclusive to any type of individual. Instead we find evidence for a limited form of distributed leadership, with higher ranking animals being followed more often. |
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0376-6357 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5738 |
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| Author |
Escos, J.; Alados, C.L.; Boza, J. |
| Title |
Leadership in a domestic goat herd |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume |
38 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
41-47 |
| Keywords |
Leadership; Goat |
| Abstract |
This study reports on leadership behavior in a domestic goat group (370 animals) moving from night-time areas to grazing areas. Of the adult females which occupied leadership positons, all of them were born in the study area. Also, they were individuals with more relatives alive in the group (according to matrilineal kinship) than the rest, but they did not show special physical characteristics. |
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no |
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2032 |
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| Author |
Mitman, G. |
| Title |
Dominance, leadership, and aggression: animal behavior studies during the Second World War |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Hist Behav Sci |
| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3-16 |
| Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; *Dominance-Subordination; History, 20th Century; *Leadership; Political Systems; *Social Dominance; United States |
| Abstract |
During the decade surrounding the Second World War, an extensive literature on the biological and psychological basis of aggression surfaced in America, a literature that in general emphasized the significance of learning and environment in the origins of aggressive behavior. Focusing on the animal behavior research of Warder Clyde Allee and John Paul Scott, this paper examines the complex interplay among conceptual, institutional, and societal forces that created and shaped a discourse on the subjects of aggression, dominance, and leadership within the context of World War II. The distinctions made between sexual and social dominance during this period, distinctions accentuated by the threat of totalitarianism abroad, and the varying ways that interpretations of behavior could be negotiated attests to the multiplicity of interactions that influence the development of scientific research. |
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University of Wisconsin |
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English |
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0022-5061 |
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| Notes |
PMID:2405050 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2044 |
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