| Records |
| Author |
Silk, J.B.; Alberts, S.C.; Altmann, J. |
| Title |
Social Bonds of Female Baboons Enhance Infant Survival |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
302 |
Issue |
5648 |
Pages |
1231-1234 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Among nonhuman primates, females often form strong bonds with kin and other group members. These relationships are thought to have adaptive value for females, but direct effects of sociality on fitness have never been demonstrated. We present 16 years of behavioral data from a well-studied population of wild baboons, which demonstrate that sociality of adult females is positively associated with infant survival, an important component of variation in female lifetime fitness. The effects of sociality on infant survival are independent of the effects of dominance rank, group membership, and environmental conditions. Our results are consistent with the evidence that social support has beneficial effects on human health and well-being across the life span. For humans and other primates, sociality has adaptive value. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN  |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
10.1126/science.1088580 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5151 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Schmidt, M.; Lipson, H. |
| Title |
Distilling Free-Form Natural Laws from Experimental Data |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
324 |
Issue |
5923 |
Pages |
81-85 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
For centuries, scientists have attempted to identify and document analytical laws that underlie physical phenomena in nature. Despite the prevalence of computing power, the process of finding natural laws and their corresponding equations has resisted automation. A key challenge to finding analytic relations automatically is defining algorithmically what makes a correlation in observed data important and insightful. We propose a principle for the identification of nontriviality. We demonstrated this approach by automatically searching motion-tracking data captured from various physical systems, ranging from simple harmonic oscillators to chaotic double-pendula. Without any prior knowledge about physics, kinematics, or geometry, the algorithm discovered Hamiltonians, Lagrangians, and other laws of geometric and momentum conservation. The discovery rate accelerated as laws found for simpler systems were used to bootstrap explanations for more complex systems, gradually uncovering the “alphabet” used to describe those systems. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
10.1126/science.1165893 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5264 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Hamilton, C.R.; Vermeire, B.A. |
| Title |
Complementary hemispheric specialization in monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
242 |
Issue |
4886 |
Pages |
1691-1694 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Twenty-five split-brain monkeys were taught to discriminate two types of visual stimuli that engage lateralized cerebral processing in human subjects. Differential lateralization for the two kinds of discriminations was found; the left hemisphere was better at distinguishing between tilted lines and the right hemisphere was better at discriminating faces. These results indicate that lateralization of cognitive processing appeared in primates independently of language or handedness. In addition, cerebral lateralization in monkeys may provide an appropriate model for studying the biological basis of hemispheric specialization. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5342 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Bartal, I.B.-A.; Decety, J.; Mason, P. |
| Title |
Empathy and Pro-Social Behavior in Rats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
334 |
Issue |
6061 |
Pages |
1427-1430 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Whereas human pro-social behavior is often driven by empathic concern for another, it is unclear whether nonprimate mammals experience a similar motivational state. To test for empathically motivated pro-social behavior in rodents, we placed a free rat in an arena with a cagemate trapped in a restrainer. After several sessions, the free rat learned to intentionally and quickly open the restrainer and free the cagemate. Rats did not open empty or object-containing restrainers. They freed cagemates even when social contact was prevented. When liberating a cagemate was pitted against chocolate contained within a second restrainer, rats opened both restrainers and typically shared the chocolate. Thus, rats behave pro-socially in response to a conspecific�s distress, providing strong evidence for biological roots of empathically motivated helping behavior. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
10.1126/science.1210789 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5725 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Moeller, B.A.; McCall, C.A.; Silverman, S.J.; McElhenney, W.H. |
| Title |
Estimation of Saliva Production in Crib-Biting and Normal Horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
|
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
85-90 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Increasing saliva flow to buffer the stomach has been hypothesized as a basis for crib-biting in horses. Saliva amounts in seven cribbing and seven noncribbing (control) horses were compared either pre- and post-cribbing or at pre- and post-5-minute intervals for controls. A pre-weighed cellulose sponge was used to collect saliva at the exit of the submandibular gland for 30 seconds, then reweighed. Data were analyzed as repeated measures. Mean saliva weight overall was similar between cribbing and control horses (1.2 and 1.5 g, respectively, SE = 0.2). However, mean saliva weight for pre- and post-samples (1.5 and 1.2 g, respectively, SE = 0.06) for all horses was significantly lower (P < .05) in the post-sample, indicating a drying effect of the sponge. Because of a strong tendency (P < .06) for a treatment-by-sampling time interaction, data were analyzed by sampling time and cribbing status. Mean saliva weights in the pre-sample were 0.43 g higher (P < .03) in control than cribbing horses. Control horses showed a 0.38 g decrease (P < .01) in saliva weight between pre- and post-samples, which was not evident in cribbing horses. To determine whether cribbing offset the saliva decrease seen in control horses, nine cribbing horses were sampled as before but prevented from cribbing between samples. A similar reduction (0.39 g, P < .01) in saliva weights between samples with cribbing allowed versus cribbing prevented was seen in these horses as was seen in control horses in the initial study. Because cribbing does produce saliva, gastrointestinal irritation could be a motivating cause for cribbing. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Elsevier |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2008.01.006 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5835 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
John, E.R.; Chesler, P.; Bartlett, F.; Victor, I. |
| Title |
Observation Learning in Cats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1968 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
159 |
Issue |
3822 |
Pages |
1489-1491 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
In two experiments cats acquired a stimulus-controlled approach or avoidance response by observational or conventional shaping procedures. Observer cats acquired the avoidance response (hurdle jumping in response to a buzzer stimulus) significantly faster and made fewer errors than cats that were conventionally trained. Observer cats acquired the approach response (lever pressing for food in response to a light stimulus) with significantly fewer errors than cats that were conventionally trained. In some cases, observer cats committed one or no errors while reaching criterion. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6422 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Zajonc, R.B. |
| Title |
Social Facilitation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1965 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
149 |
Issue |
3681 |
Pages |
269-274 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
300 Multiple ChoicesThis is a pdf-only article and there is no markup to show you.full-text.pdf |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6565 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Marr, I.; Preisler, V.; Farmer, K.; Stefanski, V.; Krueger, K. |
| Title |
Non-invasive stress evaluation in domestic horses (Equus caballus): impact of housing conditions on sensory laterality and immunoglobulin A |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Royal Society Open Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Royal Society Open Science |
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
191994 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
The study aimed to evaluate sensory laterality and concentration of faecal immunoglobulin A (IgA) as non-invasive measures of stress in horses by comparing them with the already established measures of motor laterality and faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGMs). Eleven three-year-old horses were exposed to known stressful situations (change of housing, initial training) to assess the two new parameters. Sensory laterality initially shifted significantly to the left and faecal FGMs were significantly increased on the change from group to individual housing and remained high through initial training. Motor laterality shifted significantly to the left after one week of individual stabling. Faecal IgA remained unchanged throughout the experiment. We therefore suggest that sensory laterality may be helpful in assessing acute stress in horses, especially on an individual level, as it proved to be an objective behavioural parameter that is easy to observe. Comparably, motor laterality may be helpful in assessing long-lasting stress. The results indicate that stress changes sensory laterality in horses, but further research is needed on a larger sample to evaluate elevated chronic stress, as it was not clear whether the horses of the present study experienced compromised welfare, which it has been proposed may affect faecal IgA. |
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Royal Society |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
doi: 10.1098/rsos.191994 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6608 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
BERNITSCHKE K et al, |
| Title |
Chromosome complement: differences between Equus caballus and Equus przewalskii, Poliakoff |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1965 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
148 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
382 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
|
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
943 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Berger J, |
| Title |
Ecology and catastrophic mortality in wild horses: Implantations for interpreting fossil assemblages |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
Science 220 |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
1403-1404 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
|
| Address |
|
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
937 |
| Permanent link to this record |
