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Author | Rubenstein, D. I.; Hack, M. A. | ||||
Title | Horse signals: The sounds and scents of fury | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1992 | Publication | Evolutionary Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Evol. Ecol. |
Volume | 6 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 254-260 |
Keywords | ommunication – combat – fighting ability – individual identity – signals – information – assessment – displays | ||||
Abstract | During contests animals typically exchange information about fighting ability. Among feral horses these signals involve olfactory or acoustical elements and each type can effectively terminate contests before physical contact becomes necessary. Dung transplant experiments show that for stallions, irrespective of rank, olfactory signals such as dung sniffing encode information about familiarity suggesting that such signals can be used as signatures. As such they can provide indirect information about fighting ability as long as opponents associate identity with past performance. Play-back experiments, however, show that vocalizations, such as squeals, directly provide information about status regardless of stallion familiarity. Sonographs reveal that squeals of dominants are longer than those of subordinates and that only those of dominants have at their onset high-frequency components. | ||||
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 506 | ||
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Author | Sharp, T.; Saunders, G. | ||||
Title | mustering of feral horses | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | Publication | Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Abstract | Background Feral horses (Equus caballus) can cause significant environmental damage and losses to rural industries. Although considered pests, feral horses are also a resource, providing products such as pet meat for the domestic market and meat for human consumption for the export market. Control methods include trapping, mustering exclusion fencing, ground shooting and shooting from helicopters. Feral horses are mustered by helicopter, motorbike or on horseback, sometimes with the assistance of coacher horses. Once mustered into yards, net traps or fenced paddocks, the horses are usually sold to abattoirs for slaughter which can offset the costs of capture and handling. Less commonly, they are sold as riding horses or relocated to reserves or horse sanctuaries. Where there is no market for them or where removal may be too costly or impractical e.g. in conservation areas or remote areas without access to transportation, horses are sometimes destroyed by shooting in the yards. This standard operating procedure (SOP) is a guide only; it does not replace or override the legislation that applies in the relevant State or Territory jurisdiction. The SOP should only be used subject to the applicable legal requirements (including OH&S) operating in the relevant jurisdiction. |
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 517 | ||
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Author | Dugatkin, L.A.; Earley, R.L. | ||||
Title | Group fusion: the impact of winner, loser, and bystander effects on hierarchy formation in large groups | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. |
Volume | 14 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 367-373 |
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Abstract | We present the results of a series of computer simulations that examined the impact of winner, loser, and bystander effects on hierarchy formation in fused groups. These effects and their implications for hierarchy structure and aggressive interactions were first examined in small four-member groups. Subsequent to this, the two small groups were fused into a single larger group. Further interactions took place in this fused group, generating a new hierarchy. Our models demonstrate clearly that winner, loser, and bystander effects strongly influence both the structure and types of interactions that emerge from the fusion of smaller groups. Four conditions produced results in which the same general patterns were uncovered in pre- and postfusion groups: (1) winner effects alone, (2) bystander loser effects alone, (3) winner and bystander winner effects operating simultaneously, and (4) all four effects in play simultaneously. Outside this parameter space, hierarchy structure and the nature of aggressive interactions differed in pre- and postfusion groups. When only loser effects were in play, one of the two clear alphas from the prefused groups dropped in rank in the eight-member fused group. When bystander winner effects were in play, it was difficult to rank any of the eight individuals in the fused group, and players interacted almost exclusively with those that were not in their original four-member group. When loser and bystander loser effects operated simultaneously, two top-ranking individuals emerged in the fused groups, but the relative rank of the other players was difficult to assign. | ||||
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Notes | 10.1093/beheco/14.3.367 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 519 | ||
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Author | FitzGibbon, C. D. | ||||
Title | The costs and benefits of predator inspection behaviour in Thomson's gazelles | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1994 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
Volume | 34 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 139-148 |
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 524 | ||
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Author | Dugatkin, L.A. | ||||
Title | Tendency to inspect predators predicts mortality risk in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1992 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. |
Volume | 3 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 124-127 |
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Abstract | Although predator inspection behavior in fishes has become a model system for examining game theoretical strategies such as Tit for Tat, the direct costs of inspection behavior have not been quantified. To begin quantifying such costs, I conducted an experiment that examined mortality due to predation as a function of predator inspection in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Before being subjected to a “survivorship” experiment, guppies were assayed for their tendency to inspect a predator. Groups were then composed of six guppies that differed in their tendency to inspect. These groups were placed into a pool containing a predator, and survivorship of guppies with different inspection tendencies was noted 36 and 60 h later. Results indicate that individuals that display high degrees of inspection behavior suffer greater mortality than their noninspecting shoalmates. | ||||
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Notes | 10.1093/beheco/3.2.124 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 526 | ||
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Author | ANGLE M, et al | ||||
Title | Androgenes in feral stallions | Type | Conference Volume | ||
Year | 1979 | Publication | Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 31-38 | ||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Laramie | Editor | ||
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Notes | from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 641 | ||
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Author | Kavaliers, M.; Colwell, D.D.; Choleris, E. | ||||
Title | Kinship, familiarity and social status modulate social learning about “micropredators” (biting flies) in deer mice | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
Volume | 58 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 60-71 |
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 710 | ||
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Author | R. A. J. Taylor | ||||
Title | The Behavioural Basis of Redistribution I. The Delta -Model Concept | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1981 | Publication | The Journal of Animal Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | T. J. Anim. Ecol. |
Volume | 50 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 573-586 |
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Abstract | (1) A conceptual model is developed in which spatial behaviour is density-dependent. The behaviour is classified as congregatory or migratory according to whether it results in movement towards or away from population concentrations. (2) Spatial behaviour is shown to result from both individual and population interactions. (3) The stability properties of the model are explored and it is shown how, under particular conditions, populations obeying the model have a population density regulating mechanism. (4) The similarity between the model and the potential energy curve of physics is noted, but it is emphasized that this is a behavioural not a physical model. | ||||
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 720 | ||
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Author | Berger, J. | ||||
Title | Organizational systems and dominance in feral horses in the Grand Canyon | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1977 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
Volume | 2 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 131-146 |
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Abstract | 1. Several aspects of the behavioral ecology of feral horses (Equus caballus) were studied in Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Most bands contained three to five horses that included one stallion and his harem. Males that did not obtain a harem remained solitary. Throughout the study bands remained stable in composition. 2. Home ranges for all bands decreased in size in successive warm months, probably due to increased ambient temperature and drought. This resulted in greater utilization of spring areas that led to increased interband confrontation and agonistic display. 3. Territoriality was not observed in individual horses or bands, but bands hierarchial in both inter- and intraband structures. Interband stallion dominance was reinforced through posturing and fighting. Intraband hierarchies, as determined by dominance coefficients, were independent of individual size in three of four bands. 4. Indexes of nervousness (NER), calculated while horses were drinking, showed that stallions were less nervous than mares. A low NER was correlated with individuals leading toward drinking areas, whereas a high NER existed in individuals initiating flight although no single horse acted consistently as a leader. 5. Diurnal activity patterns were correlated with ambient temperatures. |
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 748 | ||
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Author | Houston, A.I.; McNamara, J.M. | ||||
Title | Fighting for food: a dynamic version of the Hawk-Dove game | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1988 | Publication | Evolutionary Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Evol. Ecol. |
Volume | 2 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 51-64 |
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 750 | ||
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