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Author |
Ottoni, E.B.; de Resende, B.D.; Izar, P. |
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Title |
Watching the best nutcrackers: what capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) know about others' tool-using skills |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Animal cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
215-219 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Association Learning; Cebus/*psychology; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Nuts; *Problem Solving |
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Abstract |
The present work is part of a decade-long study on the spontaneous use of stones for cracking hard-shelled nuts by a semi-free-ranging group of brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Nutcracking events are frequently watched by other individuals--usually younger, less proficient, and that are well tolerated to the point of some scrounging being allowed by the nutcracker. Here we report findings showing that the choice of observational targets is an active, non-random process, and that observers seem to have some understanding of the relative proficiency of their group mates, preferentially watching the more skilled nutcrackers, which enhances not only scrounging payoffs, but also social learning opportunities. |
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Laboratory of Cognitive Ethology, Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. ebottoni@usp.br |
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1435-9448 |
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PMID:15719240 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
355 |
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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Animal behaviour: planning for breakfast |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
445 |
Issue |
7130 |
Pages |
825-826 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; *Food; Haplorhini/physiology; Memory/physiology; Songbirds/*physiology; Thinking/*physiology |
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1476-4687 |
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PMID:17314961 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
356 |
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Author |
Ratcliffe, J.M.; Fenton, M.B.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Behavioral flexibility positively correlated with relative brain volume in predatory bats |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Brain, behavior and evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Brain Behav Evol |
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Volume |
67 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
165-176 |
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Keywords |
Adaptation, Psychological; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Brain/*anatomy & histology/physiology; Chiroptera/*anatomy & histology/*physiology; Organ Size; Predatory Behavior/*physiology |
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Abstract |
We investigated the potential relationships between foraging strategies and relative brain and brain region volumes in predatory (animal-eating) echolocating bats. The species we considered represent the ancestral state for the order and approximately 70% of living bat species. The two dominant foraging strategies used by echolocating predatory bats are substrate-gleaning (taking prey from surfaces) and aerial hawking (taking airborne prey). We used species-specific behavioral, morphological, and ecological data to classify each of 59 predatory species as one of the following: (1) ground gleaning, (2) behaviorally flexible (i.e., known to both glean and hawk prey), (3) clutter tolerant aerial hawking, or (4) open-space aerial hawking. In analyses using both species level data and phylogenetically independent contrasts, relative brain size was larger in behaviorally flexible species. Further, relative neocortex volume was significantly reduced in bats that aerially hawk prey primarily in open spaces. Conversely, our foraging behavior index did not account for variability in hippocampus and inferior colliculus volume and we discuss these results in the context of past research. |
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Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. jmr247@cornell.edu |
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0006-8977 |
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PMID:16415571 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
358 |
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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Cognitive science: rank inferred by reason |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
430 |
Issue |
7001 |
Pages |
732-733 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Group Structure; Male; *Social Dominance; Songbirds/*physiology |
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1476-4687 |
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PMID:15306792 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
365 |
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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Memory and hippocampal specialization in food-storing birds: challenges for research on comparative cognition |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Brain, behavior and evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Brain Behav Evol |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
108-116 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Birds/*physiology; Cognition/*physiology; Color Perception/physiology; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Hippocampus/*physiology; Memory/*physiology; Species Specificity |
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Abstract |
The three-way association among food-storing behavior, spatial memory, and hippocampal enlargement in some species of birds is widely cited as an example of a new 'cognitive ecology' or 'neuroecology.' Whether this relationship is as strong as it first appears and whether it might be evidence for an adaptive specialization of memory and hippocampus in food-storers have recently been the subject of some controversy [Bolhuis and Macphail, 2001; Macphail and Bolhuis, 2001]. These critiques are based on misconceptions about the nature of adaptive specializations in cognition, misconceptions about the uniformity of results to be expected from applying the comparative method to data from a wide range of species, and a narrow view of what kinds of cognitive adaptations are theoretically interesting. New analyses of why food-storers (black-capped chickadees, Poecile Atricapilla) respond preferentially to spatial over color cues when both are relevant in a memory task show that this reflects a relative superiority of spatial memory as compared to memory for color rather than exceptional spatial attention or spatial discrimination ability. New studies of chickadees from more or less harsh winter climates also support the adaptive specialization hypothesis and suggest that within-species comparisons may be especially valuable for unraveling details of the relationships among ecology, memory, and brain in food-storing species. |
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Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., M5S 3G3, Canada. shettle@psych.utoronto.ca |
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0006-8977 |
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Notes |
PMID:12937349 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
367 |
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Author |
Hampton, R.R.; Healy, S.D.; Shettleworth, S.J.; Kamil, A.C. |
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Title |
Neuroecologists' are not made of straw |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
6-7 |
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Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIH--NIMH, Building 49, Room 1B-80, 20892-4415, Bethesda, MD, USA |
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1364-6613 |
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Notes |
PMID:11849608 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
371 |
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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Cognitive ecology: field or label? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Trends in Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Ecol. Evol |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
161 |
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Depts of Psychology and Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3 |
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0169-5347 |
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PMID:10717686 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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373 |
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Author |
Sara J. Shettleworth |
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Title |
Female mate choice in swordtails and mollies: symmetry assessment or Weber's law? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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Volume |
58 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1139-1142 |
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Department of Psychology, University of Toronto |
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0003-3472 |
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PMID:10564618 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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374 |
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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Handling time and choice in pigeons |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav |
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44 |
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2 |
Pages |
139-155 |
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Abstract |
According to optimal foraging theory, animals should prefer food items with the highest ratios of energy intake to handling time. When single items have negligible handling times, one large item should be preferred to a collection of small ones of equivalent total weight. However, when pigeons were offered such a choice on equal concurrent variable-interval schedules in a shuttlebox, they preferred the side offering many small items per reinforcement to that offering one or a few relatively large items. This preference was still evident on concurrent fixed-cumulative-duration schedules in which choosing the alternative with longer handling time substantially lowered the rate of food intake. |
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0022-5002 |
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PMID:16812429 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
383 |
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Author |
Anderson , M.C.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Behavioral adaptation to fixed-interval and fixed-time food delivery in golden hamsters |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav |
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27 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
33-49 |
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Abstract |
Food-deprived golden hamsters in a large enclosure received food every 30 sec contingent on lever pressing, or free while their behavior was continuously recorded in terms of an exhaustive classification of motor patterns. As with other species in other situations, behavior became organized into two main classes. One (terminal behaviors) increased in probability throughout interfood intervals; the other (interim behaviors) peaked earlier in interfood intervals. Which class an activity belonged to was independent of whether food was contingent on lever pressing. When food was omitted on some of the intervals (thwarting), the terminal activities began sooner in the next interval, and different interim activities changed in different ways. The interim activities did not appear to be schedule-induced in the usual sense. Rather, the hamsters left the area of the feeder when food was not due and engaged in activities they would normally perform in the experimental environment. |
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0022-5002 |
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PMID:16811980 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
388 |
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