| Home | [11–20] << 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 >> [31–40] |
|
| Records | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Albright, J.D.; Mohammed, H.O.; Heleski, C.R.; Wickens, C.L.; Houpt, K.A. | ||||
| Title | Crib-biting in US horses: Breed predispositions and owner perceptions of aetiology | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Equine Veterinary Journal | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 41 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 455-458 |
| Keywords | HORSE; BEHAVIOUR; CRIB-BITING; BREED PREVALENCE; LEARNING | ||||
| Abstract | Reasons for performing study: Crib-biting is an equine stereotypy that may result in diseases such as colic. Certain breeds and management factors have been associated. Objectives: To determine: breed prevalence of crib-biting in US horses; the likelihood that one horse learns to crib-bite from another; and owner perceptions of causal factors. Methods: An initial postal survey queried the number and breed of crib-biting horses and if a horse began after being exposed to a horse with this habit. In a follow-up survey, a volunteer subset of owners was asked the number of affected and nonaffected horses of each breed and the extent of conspecific contact. The likelihood of crib-biting given breed and extent of contact was quantified using odds ratio (OR) and significance of the association was assessed using the Chi-squared test. Results: Overall prevalence was 4.4%. Thoroughbreds were the breed most affected (13.3%). Approximately half of owners believed environmental factors predominantly cause the condition (54.4%) and crib-biting is learned by observation (48.8%). However, only 1.0% of horses became affected after being exposed to a crib-biter. The majority (86%) of horses was turned out in the same pasture with other horses and extent of contact with conspecifics was not statistically related to risk. Conclusion: This is the first study to report breed prevalence for crib-biting in US horses. Thoroughbreds were the breed more likely to be affected. More owners believed either environmental conditions were a predominant cause or a combination of genetic and environmental factors contributes to the behaviour. Only a small number of horses reportedly began to crib-bite after being exposed to an affected individual, but approximately half of owners considered it to be a learned behaviour; most owners did not isolate affected horses. Potential relevance: Genetic predisposition, not just intensive management conditions and surroundings, may be a factor in the high crib-biting prevalence in some breeds, and warrants further investigation. Little evidence exists to suggest horses learn the behaviour from other horses, and isolation may cause unnecessary stress. |
||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN  |
Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5010 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Wolff, A.; Hausberger, M.; Le Scolan, N. | ||||
| Title | Experimental tests to assess emotionality in horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1997 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 40 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 209-221 |
| Keywords | Emotivity; Gregariousness; Horse; Neophobia; Open-field | ||||
| Abstract | Different tests were used to assess different aspects of the emotionality of 1-3 year-old horses: arena test; a [`]novel object' test; and a handling test. In reaction to the test situations no important differences were observed according to age or sex in the behaviour patterns, but clear individual differences were observed within these classes. The arena test seemed to reveal the degree of gregariousness of the animals whereas the results in the two other tests were correlated and seemed to reflect an inherent degree of fearfulness in the horse. Indices were developed that enabled to rank the animals, by taking into account all behaviour patterns shown. Such individual characteristics might have some genetic basis: half-siblings tended to behave the same way in most cases. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5018 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Uller, C.; Lewis, J. | ||||
| Title | Horses (Equus caballus) select the greater of two quantities in small numerical contrasts | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 733-738 |
| Keywords | Quantity representation – Horses – Number discrimination | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract The ability to select the greater numerosity over another in small sets seems to stem from the calculation of which set contains more, and has been taken as evidence of a primordial representation at the roots of the primate numerical system. We tested 56 horses (Equus caballus) in a paradigm previously used with human infants and nonhuman primates. Horses saw two quantities paired in contrasts—2 versus 1, 3 versus 2, 6 versus 4 and a control for volume, 2 versus 1 big—and had to make a choice by snout touching the container holding the numerosity selected. The horses spontaneously selected the greater of the two quantities when the numerosities were small. These results add to evidence showing spontaneous quantity assessment in a variety of species. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN |
Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5028 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Wallner, B.; Brem, G.; Muller, M.; Achmann, R. | ||||
| Title | Fixed nucleotide differences on the Y chromosome indicate clear divergence between Equus przewalskii and Equus caballus | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Animal Genetics | Abbreviated Journal | Anim Genet |
| Volume | 34 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 453-456 |
| Keywords | Animals; Base Sequence; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics; Genetic Variation/*genetics; Horses/classification/*genetics; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Probability; Species Specificity; Y Chromosome/*genetics | ||||
| Abstract | The phylogenetic relationship between Equus przewalskii and E. caballus is often a matter of debate. Although these taxa have different chromosome numbers, they do not form monophyletic clades in a phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA sequences. Here we report sequence variation from five newly identified Y chromosome regions of the horse. Two fixed nucleotide differences on the Y chromosome clearly display Przewalski's horse and domestic horse as sister taxa. At both positions the Przewalski's horse haplotype shows the ancestral state, in common with the members of the zebra/ass lineage. We discuss the factors that may have led to the differences in mtDNA and Y-chromosomal observations. | ||||
| Address | Institut fur Tierzucht und Genetik, Veterinarmedizinische Universitat Wien, Veterinarplatz, Wien, Austria. wallner@i122server.vu-wien.ac.at | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0268-9146 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:14687077 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5038 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Oakenfull, E.A.; Ryder, O.A. | ||||
| Title | Mitochondrial control region and 12S rRNA variation in Przewalski's horse (Equus przewalskii) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Animal Genetics | Abbreviated Journal | Anim Genet |
| Volume | 29 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 456-459 |
| Keywords | Animals; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics; Female; *Genetic Variation; Horses/*genetics; Male; Pedigree; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics | ||||
| Abstract | Variation in the control region and the 12S rRNA gene of all surviving mitochondrial lineages of Przewalski's horse was investigated. Variation is low despite the present day population being descended from 13 individuals probably representing animals from three different regions of its range. Phylogenetic comparison of these sequences, with sequences for the domestic horse, does not resolve the ancestral status of either horse. | ||||
| Address | Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego, CA 92112, USA | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0268-9146 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:9883508 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5040 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Ishida, N.; Oyunsuren, T.; Mashima, S.; Mukoyama, H.; Saitou, N. | ||||
| Title | Mitochondrial DNA sequences of various species of the genus Equus with special reference to the phylogenetic relationship between Przewalskii's wild horse and domestic horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1995 | Publication | Journal of Molecular Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | J Mol Evol |
| Volume | 41 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 180-188 |
| Keywords | Animals; Base Sequence; Chromosomes; Conserved Sequence/genetics; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics; Evolution; Genetic Variation/*genetics; Horses/*genetics; Molecular Sequence Data; *Phylogeny; RNA, Transfer, Pro/genetics; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA | ||||
| Abstract | The noncoding region between tRNAPro and the large conserved sequence block is the most variable region in the mammalian mitochondrial DNA D-loop region. This variable region (ca. 270 bp) of four species of Equus, including Mongolian and Japanese native domestic horses as well as Przewalskii's (or Mongolian) wild horse, were sequenced. These data were compared with our recently published Thoroughbred horse mitochondrial DNA sequences. The evolutionary rate of this region among the four species of Equus was estimated to be 2-4 x 10(-8) per site per year. Phylogenetic trees of Equus species demonstrate that Przewalskii's wild horse is within the genetic variation among the domestic horse. This suggests that the chromosome number change (probably increase) of the Przewalskii's wild horse occurred rather recently. | ||||
| Address | Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0022-2844 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7666447 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5042 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Hanggi, E.B.; Ingersoll, J.F. | ||||
| Title | Stimulus discrimination by horses under scotopic conditions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 82 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 45-50 |
| Keywords | Discrimination learning; Equine; Horse; Night vision; Scotopic vision | ||||
| Abstract | Scotopic vision in horses (Equus caballus) was investigated using behavioral measurements for the first time. Four horses were tested for the ability to make simple visual discriminations of geometric figures (circles and triangles) under various brightness levels within an enclosed building. Measurements of brightness ranging from 10.37 to 24.12 magnitudes per square arcsecond (mag/arcsec2; in candelas per square meter--7.70 to 2.43E-05 cd/m2) were taken using a Sky Quality Meter. These values approximated outdoor conditions ranging from twilight in open country to a dark moonless night in dense forest. The horses were able to solve the discrimination problems in all brightness settings up to 23.77 mag/arcsec2 (3.35E-05 cd/m2). Moreover, they easily navigated their way around obstacles located within the testing area in extremely dim light (>23.50 mag/arcsec2; 4.30E-05 cd/m2), which were in conditions too dark for the human experimenters to see. These findings support physiological data that reveal a rod-dominated visual system as well as observations of equine activity at night. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5051 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Momozawa, Y.; Kusunose, R.; Kikusui, T.; Takeuchi, Y.; Mori, Y. | ||||
| Title | Assessment of equine temperament questionnaire by comparing factor structure between two separate surveys | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume | 92 | Issue | 1-2 | Pages | 77-84 |
| Keywords | Anxiety; Factor analysis; Horses; Questionnaires; Temperament | ||||
| Abstract | To establish a method for assessing equine temperament by use of a questionnaire, we carried out two surveys. The subject animals were all thoroughbreds maintained at the same farm. Respondents were the primary caretaker and two colleagues working with each horse. Factor analysis was performed on the responses to each survey. In both surveys, five factors were extracted and four of them were common between the two surveys. The common factors were [`]Anxiety', [`]Trainability', [`]Affability', and [`]Gate entrance'. There were sufficient internal consistencies in responses about [`]Anxiety', [`]Trainability', and [`]Affability' in the two surveys to indicate the validity of this questionnaire in evaluating these factors in equine temperament. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0168-1591 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5063 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Jezierski, T.; Jaworski, Z.; Górecka, A. | ||||
| Title | Effects of handling on behaviour and heart rate in Konik horses: comparison of stable and forest reared youngstock | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume | 62 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 1-11 |
| Keywords | Handling; Behaviour; Heart rate; Horses; Rearing | ||||
| Abstract | Thirty foals and young Konik horses born in 3 consecutive years and reared up to weaning either in a forest reserve (R) or conventional stable (S) were compared with respect to behavioural reactions and heart rate (HR) during handling manipulations. The foals were randomly allocated within sex and rearing group to one of two handling treatments. Intensively handled (IH) foals received a 10-min handling, 5 days/week, beginning at the age of 2 weeks (S foals) or 10 months (R foals), and lasting up to the age of 24 months. During handling IH foals were haltered, touched, rubbed and their feet were picked up; non-handled (NH) foals were not handled except for routine or emergency veterinary care. The horses were tested at the age of approximately 6 months (S only) and 12, 18 and 24 months of age. In a test comprising catching the horse on a paddock, leading away from and towards the stable, picking up feet and being approached by an unfamiliar person, the horses' behaviour was scored and the HR was recorded telemetrically. The IH horses scored better as far as manageability behaviour is concerned (P<0.001) and demonstrated lower HR than the NH ones and the S horses scored better than R ones (P<0.001). Fillies demonstrated higher HR than colts (P=0.007). Youngstock of all groups tended to be less manageable at the age of 24 months than at 18 months. Differences between youngstock stemming from particular harems from the reserve seem to be related to differences in accidental contact with people visiting the forest reserve. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0168-1591 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5064 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Pauw, J. | ||||
| Title | Therapeutic Horseback Riding Studies: Problems Experienced by Researchers | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Physiotherapy | Abbreviated Journal | Physiotherapy |
| Volume | 86 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 523-527 |
| Keywords | Therapeutic horseback riding; t-tests; logistic regression; statistically significant; clinically meaningful | ||||
| Abstract | Summary Since the therapeutic use of horse riding has been realised, several research studies investigating the physical and psychosocial effect of therapeutic riding have been conducted. A summary is given of therapeutic riding research studies where formal statistical tests were used to analyse the data as well as a summary of studies where different techniques were used to process the data. These summaries give an overview of the variables measured in previously conducted therapeutic riding studies. The general problems experienced by therapeutic riding researchers are given after the summaries. Possible explanations are discussed for some of these problems. In conclusion a few suggestions are given for future research, not only for therapeutic riding studies, but for any study where the effect of a therapeutic intervention is investigated. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0031-9406 | ISBN |
Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5066 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||