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Author | Macholc, E.J.A. | ||||
Title | Equine interspecies aggression | Type | |||
Year | 2006 | Publication | The Veterinary record | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Rec. |
Volume | 159 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 824 |
Keywords | *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Chickens; Ducks; *Horses; Species Specificity | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0042-4900 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:17158722 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 1778 | |||
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Author | Burden, F.; Trawford, A. | ||||
Title | Equine interspecies aggression Comment on | Type | |||
Year | 2006 | Publication | The Veterinary record | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Rec. |
Volume | 159 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 859-860 |
Keywords | *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cats; Dogs; Equidae | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0042-4900 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:17172484 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 1777 | |||
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Author | Huxley, J. | ||||
Title | Equine interspecies aggression | Type | |||
Year | 2006 | Publication | The Veterinary record | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Rec. |
Volume | 159 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 860 |
Keywords | *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Horses; Male; Sheep | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0042-4900 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | PMID:17172489 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 1776 | |||
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Author | de Waal, F.B.; Johanowicz, D.L. | ||||
Title | Modification of reconciliation behavior through social experience: an experiment with two macaque species | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1993 | Publication | Child development | Abbreviated Journal | Child Dev |
Volume | 64 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 897-908 |
Keywords | Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Grooming; *Macaca; *Macaca mulatta; Male; Play and Playthings; *Socialization; Vocalization, Animal | ||||
Abstract | Reconciliation, defined as a friendly reunion between former opponents shortly after an aggressive encounter, is common in the stumptail macaque (Macaca arctoides) but rare in the rhesus macaque (M. mulatta). Juveniles of the two species were cohoused for 5 months, after which they were observed with conspecifics only. Control rhesus monkeys, matched in age and sex to the experimental subjects, went through the same procedure without exposure to the other species. A threefold increase in the proportion of reconciled fights was measured in the rhesus subjects. The difference emerged gradually during cohousing with the tutor species and was sustained following removal of this species. Other behavior, such as grooming and aggression, decreased over time. It is suggested that the social attitude of the subjects was affected through contact with a species characterized by a more relaxed dominance style. | ||||
Address | Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0009-3920 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:8339702 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 209 | ||
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Author | Koolhaas, J.M.; Korte, S.M.; De Boer, S.F.; Van Der Vegt, B.J.; Van Reenen, C.G.; Hopster, H.; De Jong, I.C.; Ruis, M.A.W.; Blokhuis, H.J. | ||||
Title | Coping styles in animals: current status in behavior and stress-physiology | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 23 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 925-935 |
Keywords | Coping; Aggression; Stress; Disease; Corticosterone | ||||
Abstract | This paper summarizes the current views on coping styles as a useful concept in understanding individual adaptive capacity and vulnerability to stress-related disease. Studies in feral populations indicate the existence of a proactive and a reactive coping style. These coping styles seem to play a role in the population ecology of the species. Despite domestication, genetic selection and inbreeding, the same coping styles can, to some extent, also be observed in laboratory and farm animals. Coping styles are characterized by consistent behavioral and neuroendocrine characteristics, some of which seem to be causally linked to each other. Evidence is accumulating that the two coping styles might explain a differential vulnerability to stress mediated disease due to the differential adaptive value of the two coping styles and the accompanying neuroendocrine differentiation. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4416 | ||
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Author | Earley, R.L.; Dugatkin, L.A. | ||||
Title | Eavesdropping on visual cues in green swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri) fights: a case for networking | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2002 | Publication | Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society | Abbreviated Journal | Proc Biol Sci |
Volume | 269 | Issue | 1494 | Pages | 943-952 |
Keywords | *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cyprinodontiformes; Female; Male | ||||
Abstract | Aggressive contests probably occur in networking environments where information about fighting ability is conveyed both to an opponent and to individuals peripheral to the fight itself, the bystanders. Our primary aim was to investigate the relative influences of eavesdropping and prior social experience on the dynamics of aggressive contests in Xiphophorus helleri. A bystander's ability to witness an encounter was manipulated using clear, one-way mirror, and opaque partitions. After watching (or not watching) the initial contest, the bystander encountered either the winner or loser of the bout. Treatment comparisons of bystander-winner or bystander-loser contest dynamics indicated the presence or absence of winner, loser, or eavesdropping effects. Winner and loser effects had negligible influences on bystander contest dynamics. Eavesdropping significantly reduced the bystander's propensity to initiate aggression, escalate, and win against seen winners regardless of whether the watched bout had escalated or not. Though eavesdropping had relatively little effect on bystander-loser contest dynamics, bystanders were less prone to initiate aggression and win against losers that had escalated in the witnessed bout. Thus, bystanders appear to preferentially retain and utilize information gained about potentially dangerous opponents (winners or persistent losers). Our data lend clear support for the importance of eavesdropping in visually based aggressive signalling systems. | ||||
Address | Department of Biology, Life Science, Room 139, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA. rlearl01@athena.louisville.edu | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0962-8452 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:12028778 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 498 | ||
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Author | Hemelrijk,C. K.; Wantia,J.; Gygax,L. | ||||
Title | The construction of dominance order: comparing performance of five methods using an individual-based model | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
Volume | 142 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 1043-1064 |
Keywords | dominance order, ranking method, agent-based model, statistical method, aggression | ||||
Abstract | In studies of animal behaviour investigators correlate dominance with all kinds of behavioural variables, such as reproductive success and foraging success. Many methods are used to produce a dominance hierarchy from a matrix reflecting the frequency of winning dominance interactions. These different methods produce different hierarchies. However, it is difficult to decide which ranking method is best. In this paper, we offer a new procedure for this decision: we use an individual-based model, called DomWorld, as a test-environment. We choose this model, because it provides access to both the internal dominance values of artificial agents (which reflects their fighting power) and the matrix of winning and losing among them and, in addition, because its behavioural rules are biologically inspired and its group-level patterns resemble those of real primates. We compare statistically the dominance hierarchy based on the internal dominance values of the artificial agents with the dominance hierarchy produced by ranking individuals by (a) their total frequency of winning, (b) their average dominance index, (c) a refined dominance index, the David`s score, (d) the number of subordinates each individual has and (e) a ranking method based on maximizing the linear order of the hierarchy. Because dominance hierarchies may differ depending on group size, type of society, and the interval of study, we compare these ranking methods for these conditions.We study complete samples as well as samples randomly chosen to resemble the limitations of observing real animals. It appears that two methods of medium complexity (the average dominance index and David`s score) lead to hierarchical orders that come closest to the hierarchy based on internal dominance values of the agents. We advocate usage of the average dominance index, because of its computational simplicity. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 445 | ||
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Author | Flack, J.C.; Krakauer, D.C.; de Waal, F.B.M. | ||||
Title | Robustness mechanisms in primate societies: a perturbation study | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2005 | Publication | Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society | Abbreviated Journal | Proc Biol Sci |
Volume | 272 | Issue | 1568 | Pages | 1091-1099 |
Keywords | Aggression/physiology; Animals; *Conflict (Psychology); Female; *Hierarchy, Social; Macaca nemestrina/*physiology; Male; *Models, Theoretical; Observation; *Social Behavior | ||||
Abstract | Conflict management mechanisms have a direct, critical effect on system robustness because they mitigate conflict intensity and help repair damaged relationships. However, robustness mechanisms can also have indirect effects on system integrity by facilitating interactions among components. We explore the indirect role that conflict management mechanisms play in the maintenance of social system robustness, using a perturbation technique to 'knockout' components responsible for effective conflict management. We explore the effects of knockout on pigtailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) social organization, using a captive group of 84 individuals. This system is ideal in addressing this question because there is heterogeneity in performance of conflict management. Consequently, conflict managers can be easily removed without disrupting other control structures. We find that powerful conflict managers are essential in maintaining social order for the benefit of all members of society. We show that knockout of components responsible for conflict management results in system destabilization by significantly increasing mean levels of conflict and aggression, decreasing socio-positive interaction and decreasing the operation of repair mechanisms. | ||||
Address | Santa Fe Institute, NM 87501, USA. jflack@santafe.edu | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0962-8452 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:16024369 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 165 | ||
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Author | Craig, J.V. | ||||
Title | Measuring social behavior: social dominance | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1986 | Publication | Journal of animal science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Anim Sci. |
Volume | 62 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 1120-1129 |
Keywords | Aggression; Agonistic Behavior; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Chickens; Competitive Behavior; Female; Horses; Male; *Social Dominance; Swine | ||||
Abstract | Social dominance develops more slowly when young animals are kept in intact peer groups where they need not compete for resources. Learned generalizations may cause smaller and weaker animals to accept subordinate status readily when confronted with strangers that would be formidable opponents. Sexual hormones and sensitivity to them can influence the onset of aggression and status attained. After dominance orders are established, they tend to be stable in female groups but are less so in male groups. Psychological influences can affect dominance relationships when strangers meet and social alliances within groups may affect relative status of individuals. Whether status associated with agonistic behavior is correlated with control of space and scarce resources needs to be determined for each species and each kind of resource. When such correlations exists, competitive tests and agonistic behavior associated with gaining access to scarce resources can be useful to the observer in learning about dominance relationships rapidly. Examples are given to illustrate how estimates of social dominance can be readily attained and some strengths and weaknesses of the various methods. | ||||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 0021-8812 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:3519554 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 676 | ||
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Author | McDonnell, S.M.; Freeman, D.A.; Cymbaluk, N.F.; Schott, H.C. 2nd; Hinchcliff, K.; Kyle, B. | ||||
Title | Behavior of stabled horses provided continuous or intermittent access to drinking water | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | American Journal of Veterinary Research | Abbreviated Journal | Am J Vet Res |
Volume | 60 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 1451-1456 |
Keywords | Aggression; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Drinking Behavior; Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/*physiology/*psychology; Housing, Animal; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal/physiology/*psychology; Social Behavior; Videotape Recording; *Water Supply | ||||
Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To compare quantitative measures and clinical assessments of behavior as an indication of psychologic well-being of stabled horses provided drinking water continuously or via 1 of 3 intermittent delivery systems. ANIMALS: 22 Quarter Horse (QH) or QH-crossbred mares and 17 Belgian or Belgian-crossbred mares (study 1) and 24 QH or QH-crossbred mares and 18 Belgian or Belgian-crossbred mares (study 2). PROCEDURE: Stabled horses were provided water continuously or via 1 of 3 intermittent water delivery systems in 2 study periods during a 2-year period. Continuous 24-hour videotaped samples were used to compare quantitative measures and clinical assessments of behavior among groups provided water by the various water delivery systems. RESULTS: All horses had clinically normal behavior. Significant differences in well being were not detected among groups provided water by the various delivery systems. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Various continuous and intermittent water delivery systems can provide adequately for the psychologic well-being of stabled horses. | ||||
Address | New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348, USA | ||||
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Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
ISSN | 0002-9645 | ISBN | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | PMID:10566826 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 1928 | ||
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