| Records |
| Author |
Hampton, R.R.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Hippocampus and memory in a food-storing and in a nonstoring bird species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Behavioral neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Neurosci |
| Volume |
110 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages  |
946-964 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Appetitive Behavior/*physiology; Attention/physiology; Birds/*physiology; Brain Mapping; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; Mental Recall/*physiology; Organ Size/physiology; Orientation/*physiology; Retention (Psychology)/physiology; Species Specificity |
| Abstract |
Food-storing birds maintain in memory a large and constantly changing catalog of the locations of stored food. The hippocampus of food-storing black-capped chickadees (Parus atricapillus) is proportionally larger than that of nonstoring dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis). Chickadees perform better than do juncos in an operant test of spatial non-matching-to-sample (SNMTS), and chickadees are more resistant to interference in this paradigm. Hippocampal lesions attenuate performance in SNMTS and increase interference. In tests of continuous spatial alternation (CSA), juncos perform better than chickadees. CSA performance also declines following hippocampal lesions. By itself, sensitivity of a given task to hippocampal damage does not predict the direction of memory differences between storing and nonstoring species. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. robert@ln.nimh.nih.gov |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0735-7044 |
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| Notes |
PMID:8918998 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
375 |
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| Author |
Weir, A.A.S.; Chappell, J.; Kacelnik, A. |
| Title |
Shaping of hooks in New Caledonian crows |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
297 |
Issue |
5583 |
Pages |
981 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; Female; Male; Songbirds/*physiology |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:12169726 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2842 |
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| Author |
Brilot, B.O.; Johnstone, R.A. |
| Title |
The limits to cost-free signalling of need between relatives |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc Biol Sci |
| Volume |
270 |
Issue |
1519 |
Pages |
1055-1060 |
| Keywords |
*Animal Communication; Animals; Birds/physiology; Models, Biological; *Social Behavior |
| Abstract |
Theoretical models have demonstrated the possibility of stable cost-free signalling of need between relatives. The stability of these cost-free equilibria depends on the indirect fitness cost of cheating and deceiving a donor into giving away resources. We show that this stability is highly sensitive to the distribution of need among signallers and receivers. In particular, cost-free signalling is likely to prove stable only if there is very large variation in need (such that the least-needy individuals stand to gain much less than the most-needy individuals from additional resources). We discuss whether these conditions are likely to be found in altricial avian breeding systems--the most intensively studied instance of signalling of need between relatives. We suggest that cost-free signalling is more likely to prove stable and will provide parents with more information during the earlier phases of chick growth, when parents can more easily meet the demands of a brood (and chicks are more likely to reach satiation). Later, informative yet cost-free signalling is unlikely to persist. |
| Address |
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. bob21@cam.ac.uk |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0962-8452 |
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| Notes |
PMID:12803895 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
558 |
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| Author |
Doligez, B.; Danchin, E.; Clobert, J. |
| Title |
Public information and breeding habitat selection in a wild bird population |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
297 |
Issue |
5584 |
Pages |
1168-1170 |
| Keywords |
*Animal Migration; Animals; Animals, Wild/physiology; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Cues; *Environment; Female; Male; *Nesting Behavior; Probability; *Reproduction; Songbirds/*physiology; Sweden |
| Abstract |
According to the “public information” hypothesis, some animal species may monitor the current reproductive success of conspecifics to assess local habitat quality and to choose their own subsequent breeding site. To test this hypothesis experimentally, we manipulated two components of public information, the mean number of offspring raised locally (“quantity”) and their condition (“quality”), in the collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis. Immigration rate decreased with local offspring quantity but did not depend on local offspring quality, suggesting that immigrants are deprived of information regarding local quality. Conversely, emigration rate increased both when local offspring quantity or quality decreased, suggesting that residents can use both components of public information. |
| Address |
Laboratoire d'Ecologie CNRS-UMR 7625, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 quai Saint Bernard, Batiment A 7eme etage, Case 237, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France. blandine.doligez@esh.unibe.ch |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:12183627 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2841 |
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| Author |
Peake, T.M.; Terry, A.M.; McGregor, P.K.; Dabelsteen, T. |
| Title |
Male great tits eavesdrop on simulated male-to-male vocal interactions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc Biol Sci |
| Volume |
268 |
Issue |
1472 |
Pages |
1183-1187 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Male; Songbirds/*physiology; *Vocalization, Animal |
| Abstract |
Animal communication generally occurs in the environment of a network of several potential signallers and receivers. Within a network environment, it is possible to gain relative information about conspecifics by eavesdropping on signalling interactions. We presented male great tits with the opportunity to gain such information by simulating singing interactions using two loudspeakers. Interactions were presented so that relevant information was not available in the absolute singing behaviour of either individual, only in the relative timing of their songs in the interaction as a whole. We then assayed the information extracted by focal males by subsequently introducing one of the 'interactants' (i.e. loudspeakers) into the territory of the focal male. Focal males responded with a reduced song output to males that had just 'lost' an interaction. Focal males did not respond significantly differently to 'winners' as compared with intruders recently involved in an interaction that contained no consistent information. Focal males also responded by switching song types more often when encountering males that had recently been involved in a low-intensity interaction. These results provide the clearest evidence yet that male songbirds extract information from signal interactions between conspecifics in the field. |
| Address |
Department of Animal Behaviour, Zoological Institute, Tagensvej 16, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. tmpeake@zi.ku.dk |
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English |
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Edition |
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0962-8452 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:11375107 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
712 |
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| Author |
Krebs, J.R.; Clayton, N.S.; Hampton, R.R.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Effects of photoperiod on food-storing and the hippocampus in birds |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Neuroreport |
Abbreviated Journal |
Neuroreport |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1701-1704 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Birds; Eating/*physiology; Female; Hippocampus/*physiology; Light; Male; *Photoperiod; Seasons; Telencephalon/physiology; Time Factors |
| Abstract |
Birds that store food have a relatively large hippocampus compared to non-storing species. The hippocampus shows seasonal differences in neurogenesis and volume in black-capped chikadees (Parus atricapillus) taken from the wild at different times of year. We compared hippocampal volumes in black-capped chickadees captured at the same time but differing in food-storing behaviour because of manipulations of photoperiod in the laboratory. Differences in food-storing behaviour were not accompanied by differences in the volume of the hippocampus. Hippocampal volumes also did not differ between two groups of a non-food-storing control species, house sparrows (Passer domesticus), exposed to the same conditions as the chickadees. |
| Address |
Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology, Department of Zoology, Oxford, UK |
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English |
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0959-4965 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:8527745 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
378 |
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| Author |
Pennisi, E. |
| Title |
Animal cognition. Social animals prove their smarts |
Type |
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| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
312 |
Issue |
5781 |
Pages |
1734-1738 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Birds; *Cognition; Comprehension; Cues; Food; Hominidae/*psychology; *Intelligence; Learning; Memory; *Social Behavior |
| Abstract |
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English |
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1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:16794055 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2836 |
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| Author |
Peake, T.M.; Terry, A.M.R.; McGregor, P.K.; Dabelsteen, T. |
| Title |
Do great tits assess rivals by combining direct experience with information gathered by eavesdropping? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc Biol Sci |
| Volume |
269 |
Issue |
1503 |
Pages |
1925-1929 |
| Keywords |
Aggression; *Animal Communication; Animals; Male; Songbirds/*physiology; Territoriality; *Vocalization, Animal |
| Abstract |
Animals frequently use signals that travel further than the spacing between individuals. For every intended recipient of a given signal there are likely to be many other individuals that receive information. Eavesdropping on signalling interactions between other individuals provides a relatively cost-free method of assessing future opponents or mates. Male great tits (Parus major) extract relative information from such interactions between individuals unknown to them. Here, we show that male great tits can take information gathering a stage further and obtain more information about a previously unencountered intruder, by the hitherto unknown capability of combining information gathered by eavesdropping with that derived from their own direct interaction with an individual. Prior experience with an intruder (A) was achieved by subjecting a focal male to different levels of intrusion simulated using interactive playback. This intruder (A) then took part in a simulated interaction with an unknown male (B) outside the territorial boundary of the focal males. In response to subsequent intrusion by the second male (B), focal males showed low song output in response to males that had lost to a male that the subject was able to beat. Males of known high quality, or those about which information was ambiguous, elicited a high level of song output by focal males. We discuss the implications of this finding for the evolution of communication and social behaviour. |
| Address |
Department of Animal Behaviour, Zoological Institute, Copenhagen University, Tagensvej 16, DK 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. tmpeake@zi.ku.uk |
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English |
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0962-8452 |
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| Notes |
PMID:12350255 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
501 |
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| Author |
Kida, H. |
| Title |
[Ecology of influenza viruses in animals and the mechanism of emergence of new pandemic strains] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Nippon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nippon Rinsho |
| Volume |
55 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2521-2526 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Bird Diseases/transmission; Birds; Horse Diseases/transmission; Horses; Humans; Influenza, Human/transmission/*veterinary; Swine; Swine Diseases/transmission; Zoonoses |
| Abstract |
Ecological studies on influenza viruses revealed that the hemagglutinin genes are introduced into new pandemic strains from viruses circulating in migratory ducks through domestic ducks and pigs in southern China. Experimental infection of pigs with 38 avian influenza virus strains with H1-H13 hemagglutinins showed that at least one strain of each HA subtype replicated in the upper respiratory tract of pigs. Co-infection of pigs with a swine virus and with an avian virus generated reassortant viruses. The results indicate that avian viruses of any subtype can contribute genes in the generation of reassortants. Virological surveillance revealed that influenza viruses in waterfowl reservoir are perpetuated year-by-year in the frozen lake water while ducks are absent. |
| Address |
Department of Disease Control, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine |
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Japanese |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0047-1852 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:9360367 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2654 |
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| Author |
Dierenfeld, E.S. |
| Title |
Vitamin E in exotics: effects, evaluation and ecology |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
The Journal of Nutrition |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Nutr |
| Volume |
124 |
Issue |
12 Suppl |
Pages |
2579s-2581s |
| Keywords |
Animal Feed/*analysis; Animals; Animals, Zoo/blood/*metabolism; Antelopes/blood/metabolism; Birds/blood/metabolism; Deer/blood/metabolism; Elephants/blood/metabolism; Equidae/blood/metabolism; Perissodactyla/blood/metabolism; Vitamin E/*administration & dosage/analysis/blood; Vitamin E Deficiency/pathology/physiopathology/veterinary |
| Abstract |
The pathophysiology and lesions associated with vitamin E deficiency are similar between domestic and exotic species, and circulating plasma concentrations are also similar between comparable groups. However, many ecological variables must be considered for the most relevant comparisons. Tissue values of vitamin E, apart from plasma, are unknown for most exotics. Dietary vitamin E requirements of exotic species and domestics appear to differ; based on natural foodstuff analyses and clinical observations, between 50 and 200 mg vitamin E/kg DM are necessary to prevent vitamin E deficiency, 5- to 10-fold higher than current livestock recommendations. |
| Address |
Department of Nutrition, Wildlife Health Center, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY 10460 |
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English |
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0022-3166 |
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| Notes |
PMID:7996243 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2661 |
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