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Author |
DOREAU M et al, |
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Title |
Activités alimentaires nocturnes du cheval au pâturage |
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1980 |
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Ann Zootech |
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29 |
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299-304 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1022 |
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Author |
Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Harvey, P.H. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
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Title |
Primates, brains and ecology |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Zool. Lond. |
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190 |
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3 |
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309-323 |
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The paper examines systematic relationships among primates between brain size (relative to body size) and differences in ecology and social system. Marked differences in relative brain size exist between families. These are correlated with inter-family differences in body size and home range size. Variation in comparative brain size within families is related to diet (folivores have comparatively smaller brains than frugivores), home range size and possibly also to breeding system. The adaptive significance of these relationships is discussed. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5451 |
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Author |
De Moraes Ferrari,E. A.; Todorov, J. C. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
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Title |
Concurrent avoidance of shocks by pigeons pecking a key |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav. |
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30 |
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3 |
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329-333 |
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concurrent schedules, unsignaled avoidance, negative reinforcement, key pecking, pigeon |
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Three pigeons were studied on concurrent, unsignaled, avoidance schedules in a two-key procedure. Shock-shock intervals were two seconds in both schedules. The response-shock interval on one key was always 22 seconds, while the response-shock interval associated with the other key was varied from 7 to 52 seconds in different experimental conditions. Response rates on the key associated with the varied schedule tended to decrease when the response-shock interval length was increased. Responding on the key associated with the constant schedule was not systematically affected. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3586 |
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Haag, E.L.; Rudman, R.; Houpt, K.A. |
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Avoidance, maze learning and social dominance in ponies |
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Year |
1980 |
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J. Anim. Sci. |
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50 |
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329-335 |
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Cited By (since 1996): 16; Export Date: 24 October 2008 |
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Admin @ knut @ |
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4593 |
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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J.; Juergensen, M.R. |
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Title |
Reinforcement and the organization of behavior in golden hamsters: brain stimulation reinforcement for seven action patterns |
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Journal Article |
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1980 |
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Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes |
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J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
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6 |
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4 |
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352-375 |
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Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Cricetinae; Electric Stimulation; Female; Hypothalamus/*physiology; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle/physiology; Mesocricetus; *Reinforcement (Psychology) |
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Golden hamsters were reinforced with intracranial electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus (ICS) for spending time engaging in one of seven topographically defined action patterns (APs). The stimulation used as reinforcer elicited hoarding and/or feeding and supported high rates of bar pressing. In Experiment 1, hamsters were reinforced successively for digging, open rearing, and face washing. Digging increased most in time spent, and face washing increased least. Experiments 2-5 examined these effects further and also showed that “scrabbling,” like digging, was performed a large proportion of the time, almost without interruption, for contingent ICS but that scratching the body with a hindleg and scent-marking showed relatively little effect of contingent ICS, the latter even in an environment that facilitated marking. In Experiment 6, naive hamsters received ICS not contingent on behavior every 30 sec (fixed-time 30-sec schedule). Terminal behaviors that developed on this schedule were APs that were easy to reinforce in the other experiments, but a facultative behavior, face washing, was one not so readily reinforced. Experiment 7 confirmed a novel prediction from Experiment 6--that wall rearing, a terminal AP, would be performed at a high level for contingent ICS. All together, the results point to both motivational factors and associative factors being involved in the considerable differences in performance among different reinforced activities. |
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0097-7403 |
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PMID:6968817 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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386 |
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Author |
Bunnell, B.; Gore, W.; Perkins, M. |
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Title |
Performance correlates of social behavior and organization: Social rank and reversal learning in crab-eating macaques (M. fascicularis) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Primates |
Abbreviated Journal |
Primates |
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21 |
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3 |
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376-388 |
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Abstract Seventeen male crab-eating macaques drawn from two captive troops, were tested on a brightness discrimination, reversal learning task. Fourteen of these animals completed ten reversals. It was found that the performance of the three highest ranking animals from each troop, taken together, was poorer than that of the lower ranking animals that were tested. The high ranking animals made more errors before reaching criterion on both initial learning and the reversal problems. Analysis of error patterns revealed that, while the high ranking animals had no more difficulty than the others in withholding their responses to the previously correct stimulus following reversals, they did not adopt the correct strategy as soon as the low ranking animals. The results have been interpreted in terms of a carry-over of a hypothetical factor or factors resulting from pressures created by the ongoing social dynamics involved in establishing and maintaining a given social rank at the time laboratory testing occurred. |
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2083 |
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Author |
Meyer H, |
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Title |
Ein Beitrag zur Regulation der Futteraufnahme beim Pferd |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
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Dtsch Tierärztl Wschr |
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87 |
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401-424 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1390 |
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Author |
Bunnell, B.; Perkins, M. |
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Title |
Performance correlates of social behavior and organization: Social rank and complex problem solving in crab-eating macaques (M. fascicularis) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
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Primates |
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Primates |
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21 |
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4 |
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515-523 |
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Abstract Seventeen male crab-eating macaques, drawn from two captive troops, were tested on a series of complex problem solving tasks in a Wisconsin General Test Apparatus (wgta). The animals were trained on a series of 6-trial object quality learning set problems followed by a series of 10-trial object quality learning set problems. They were then given problems in which the correct stimulus object was reversed part way through the problem. After the animals reached criterion on this task, the reversal learning set was then extinguished. High ranking animals made more intraproblem errors than low ranking animals on the 6-trial problems, but there was no relationship between social status and the rapidity with which the object quality learning set was established. Animals that received overtraining on the 6-trial problems transferred their learning virtually intact to the 10-trial problems; however, high ranking animals without overtraining made more errors than low ranking animals. On reversal learning and reversal extinction, high ranking animals made more errors on critical trials, indicating that they formed and extinguished the reversal set more slowly than low ranking animals. Object quality sets, as measured by trial-2 performance, were not affected by the reversal conditions. |
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2082 |
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Author |
Meij Hs, M.J. |
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Title |
Functional asymmetry in the motor system of the horse |
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1980 |
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S Afr J Sci |
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76 |
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552-556 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1386 |
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Author |
Hintz, R.L. |
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Title |
Genetics of performance in the horse |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1980 |
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Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
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51 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
582-594 |
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Animals; Exertion; Horses/*genetics/physiology; Sports |
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Criteria used to measure performance, environmental factors that influence performance and estimates of heritability are needed to estimate genetic differences. Published heritability estimates of various measures of performance in the horse are summarized. The average heritability estimates of pulling ability and cutting ability are .25 and .04, respectively. Heritability estimates are .18, .19 and .17 for log of earnings from jumping, 3-day event and dressage performance, respectively. Heritability estimates of performance rates, log of earnings, earnings, handicap weight, best handicap weight, time and best time for the Thoroughbred are .55, .49, .09, .49, .33, .15 and .23, respectively. Heritability estimates of log of earnings, earnings, time and best time for the trotter are .41, .20, .32, and .25, respectively. The heritability estimate of best time for the pacer is .23. The effectiveness of selection will depend on which performance trait is to be improved. |
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0021-8812 |
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PMID:7440446 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3758 |
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