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| Author | Gasser, R.B.; Hung, G.-C.; Chilton, N.B.; Beveridge, I. | ||||
| Title | Advances in developing molecular-diagnostic tools for strongyloid nematodes of equids: fundamental and applied implications | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Molecular and Cellular Probes | Abbreviated Journal | Mol Cell Probes |
| Volume | 18 | Issue | 1 | Pages  |
3-16 |
| Keywords | Animals; DNA, Helminth; DNA, Ribosomal/analysis; Equidae/*parasitology; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/*methods; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/diagnosis; Strongylida/classification/genetics; Strongylida Infections/*diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology/veterinary | ||||
| Abstract | Infections of equids with parasitic nematodes of the order Strongylida (subfamilies Strongylinae and Cyathostominae) are of major veterinary importance. In last decades, the widespread use of drugs against these parasites has led to problems of resistance within the Cyathostominae, and to an increase in their prevalence and intensity of infection. Novel control strategies, based on improved knowledge of parasite biology and epidemiology, have thus become important. However, there are substantial limitations in the understanding of fundamental biological and systematic aspects of these parasites, which have been due largely to limitations in their specific identification and diagnosis using traditional, morphological approaches. Recently, there has been progress in the development of DNA-based approaches for the specific identification of strongyloids of equids for systematic studies and disease diagnosis. The present article briefly reviews information on the classification, biology, pathogenesis, epidemiology of equine strongyloids and the diagnosis of infections, highlights knowledge gaps in these areas, describes recent advances in the use of molecular techniques for the genetic characterisation, specific identification and differentiation of strongyloids of equids as a basis for fundamental investigations of the systematics, population biology and ecology. | ||||
| Address | Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia. robinbg@unimelb.edu.au | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0890-8508 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15036364 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2636 | ||
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| Author | Lazareva, O.F.; Smirnova, A.A.; Bagozkaja, M.S.; Zorina, Z.A.; Rayevsky, V.V.; Wasserman, E.A. | ||||
| Title | Transitive responding in hooded crows requires linearly ordered stimuli | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Anal Behav |
| Volume | 82 | Issue | 1 | Pages |
1-19 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Association; Cognition/physiology; Crows; Discrimination (Psychology); *Discrimination Learning; Feedback; Reinforcement (Psychology); Visual Perception/physiology | ||||
| Abstract | Eight crows were taught to discriminate overlapping pairs of visual stimuli (A+ B-, B+ C-, C+ D-, and D+ E-). For 4 birds, the stimuli were colored cards with a circle of the same color on the reverse side whose diameter decreased from A to E (ordered feedback group). These circles were made available for comparison to potentially help the crows order the stimuli along a physical dimension. For the other 4 birds, the circles corresponding to the colored cards had the same diameter (constant feedback group). In later testing, a novel choice pair (BD) was presented. Reinforcement history involving stimuli B and D was controlled so that the reinforcement/nonreinforcement ratios for the latter would be greater than for the former. If, during the BD test, the crows chose between stimuli according to these reinforcement/nonreinforcement ratios, then they should prefer D; if they chose according to the diameter of the feedback stimuli, then they should prefer B. In the ordered feedback group, the crows strongly preferred B over D; in the constant feedback group, the crows' choice did not differ significantly from chance. These results, plus simulations using associative models, suggest that the orderability of the postchoice feedback stimuli is important for crows' transitive responding. | ||||
| Address | Institute of Higher Nervous Activity, Moscow State University. olga-lazareva@uiowa.edu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0022-5002 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:15484868 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 612 | ||
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| Author | Murai, C.; Tomonaga, M.; Kamegai, K.; Terazawa, N.; Yamaguchi, M.K. | ||||
| Title | Do infant Japanese macaques ( Macaca fuscata) categorize objects without specific training? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Primates | Abbreviated Journal | Primates |
| Volume | 45 | Issue | 1 | Pages |
1-6 |
| Keywords | Analysis of Variance; Animals; *Cognition; *Concept Formation; *Generalization, Stimulus; Japan; Macaca/*psychology; Male | ||||
| Abstract | In the present study, we examined whether infant Japanese macaques categorize objects without any training, using a similar technique also used with human infants (the paired-preference method). During the familiarization phase, subjects were presented twice with two pairs of different objects from one global-level category. During the test phase, they were presented twice with a pair consisting of a novel familiar-category object and a novel global-level category object. The subjects were tested with three global-level categories (animal, furniture, and vehicle). It was found that they showed significant novelty preferences as a whole, indicating that they processed similarities between familiarization objects and novel familiar-category objects. These results suggest that subjects responded distinctively to objects without training, indicating the possibility that infant macaques possess the capacity for categorization. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. cmurai@bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0032-8332 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:14505179 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2813 | ||
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| Author | Gould, J.L. | ||||
| Title | Thinking about thinking: how Donald R. Griffin (1915-2003) remade animal behavior | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | 1 | Pages |
1-4 |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3092 | ||
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| Author | Cheney, D. l .; Seyfarth, R. M. | ||||
| Title | Social complexity and the information acquired during eavesdropping by primates and other animals | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Animal Communication networks | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | In many of the studies reviewed in this book, eavesdropping takes the following form: a subject has the opportunity to monitor, or eavesdrop upon, an interaction between two other animals,Aand B. The subject then uses the information obtained through these observations to assess A`s and B`s relative dominance or attractiveness as a mate (e.g. Mennill et al., 2002; Ch. 2). For example, Oliveira et al. (1998) found that male fighting fish Betta splendens that had witnessed two other males involved in an aggressive interaction subsequently responded more strongly to the loser of that interaction than the winner. Subjects-behaviour could not have been influenced by any inherent differences between the two males, because subjects responded equally strongly to the winner and the loser of competitive interactions they had not observed. Similarly, Peake et al. (2001) presented male great tits Parus major with the opportunity to monitor an apparent competitive interaction between two strangers by simulating a singing contest using two loudspeakers. The relative timing of the singing bouts (as measured by the degree of overlap between the two songs) provided information about each “contestants” relative status. Following the singing interaction, one of the “contestants” was introduced into the male`s territory. Males responded significantly less strongly to singers that had apparently just “lost” the interaction (see also McGregor & Dabelsteen, 1996; Naguib et al., 1999; Ch. 2). What information does an individual acquire when it eavesdrops on others? In theory, an eavesdropper could acquire information of many different sorts: about A, about B, about the relationship between A and B, or about the place of Animal Communication Networks, ed. Peter K. McGregor. Published by Cambridge University Press. c. Cambridge University Press 2005. 583 P1: JZZ/... P2: JZZ/... 0521823617c25.xml CU1917B/McGregor 0 521 582361 7 October 7, 2004 22:31 584 D. L. Cheney & R. M. Seyfarth A`s and B`s relationship in a larger social framework. The exact information acquired will probably reflect the particular species social structure. For example, songbirds like great tits live in communities in which six or seven neighbours surround each territory-holding male. Males appear to benefit from the knowledge that certain individuals occupy specific areas (e.g. Brooks & Falls, 1975), that competitive interactions between two different neighbours have particular outcomes, and that these outcomes are stable over time. We would, therefore, expect an eavesdropping great tit not only to learn that neighbour A was dominant to neighbour B, for example, but also to form the expectation that A was likely to defeat B in all future encounters. More speculatively, because the outcome of territorial interactions are often site specific (reviewed by Bradbury & Vehrencamp, 1998), we would expect eavesdropping tits to learn further that A dominates B in some areas but B dominates A in others. In contrast, the information gained from monitoring neighbours interactions would unlikely be sufficient to allow the eavesdropper to rank all of its neighbours in a linear dominance hierarchy, because not all neighbouring males would come into contact with one another. Such information would be difficult if not impossible to acquire; it might also be of little functional value. In contrast, species that live in large, permanent social groups have a much greater opportunity to monitor the social interactions of many different individuals simultaneously. Monkey species such as baboons Papio cynocephalus, for example, typically live in groups of 80 or more individuals, which include several matrilineal families arranged in a stable, linear dominance rank order (Silk et al., 1999). Offspring assume ranks similar to those of their mothers, and females maintain close bonds with their matrilineal kin throughout their lives. Cutting across these stable long-term relationships based on rank and kinship are more transient bonds: for example, the temporary associations formed between unrelated females whose infants are of similar ages, and the “friendships” formed between adult males and lactating females as an apparent adaptation against infanticide (Palombit et al., 1997, 2001). In order to compete successfully within such groups, it would seem advantageous for individuals to recognize who outranks whom, who is closely bonded to whom, and who is likely to be allied to whom (Harcourt, 1988, 1992; Cheney & Seyfarth, 1990; see below). The ability to adopt a third party`s perspective and discriminate among the social relationships that exist among others would seem to be of great selective benefit. In this chapter, we review evidence for eavesdropping in selected primate species and we consider what sort of information is acquired when one individual observes or listens in on the interactions of others. We then compare eavesdropping by primates with eavesdropping in other animal species, focusing on both potential differences and directions for further research |
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| Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Editor | McGregor, P.K. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 495 | ||
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| Author | Cheng, K. | ||||
| Title | K.J. Jeffery (ed) The neurobiology of spatial behaviourOxford University Press, Oxford, 2003 | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
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| Address | Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Wallotstr. 19, 14193, Berlin | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:15015034 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2542 | ||
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| Author | McGreevy, P.D. | ||||
| Title | Type | Book Whole | |||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Equine Behavior: A Guide for Veterinarians and Equine Scientists | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 25; Export Date: 21 October 2008 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4530 | ||
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| Author | McLean, A.N. | ||||
| Title | The mental processes of the horse and their consequences for training | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Animal Welfare Science Centre | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 24 October 2008 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 4619 | ||
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| Author | Eckardt, G.; Windhofer, A. | ||||
| Title | Untersuchung der Beanspruchung von Pferden während Isolation und beim Verladen | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Master's thesis | |||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5190 | ||
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| Author | Hois, C. | ||||
| Title | Feldstudie zur Gewichtsentwicklung und Gewichtsschätzung beim wachsenden Pferd | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
| Publisher | Tierärztlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5204 | ||
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