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| Author | Papakostas, Y.G.; Daras, M.D.; Liappas, I.A.; Markianos, M. | ||||
| Title | Horse madness (hippomania) and hippophobia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | History of Psychiatry | Abbreviated Journal | Hist Psychiatry |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | Pt 4 (no 64) | Pages  |
467-471 |
| Keywords | Ancient Lands; Animals; Cattle; History, Ancient; Horse Diseases/*history; Horses; Humans; *Mythology | ||||
| Abstract | Anthropophagic horses have been described in classical mythology. From a current perspective, two such instances are worth mentioning and describing: Glaucus of Potniae, King of Efyra, and Diomedes, King of Thrace, who were both devoured by their horses. In both cases, the horses' extreme aggression and their subsequent anthropophagic behaviour were attributed to their madness (hippomania) induced by the custom of feeding them with flesh. The current problem of 'mad cow' disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) is apparently related to a similar feed pattern. Aggressive behaviour in horses can be triggered by both biological and psychological factors. In the cases cited here, it is rather unlikely that the former were the cause. On the other hand, the multiple abuses imposed on the horses, coupled with people's fantasies and largely unconscious fears (hippophobia), may possibly explain these mythological descriptions of 'horse-monsters'. | ||||
| Address | Athens University Medical School | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0957-154X | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16482685 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1876 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Gothe, R. | ||||
| Title | [Tapeworms, a problem in equine practice?] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1994 | Publication | Tierarztliche Praxis | Abbreviated Journal | Tierarztl Prax |
| Volume | 22 | Issue | 5 | Pages |
466-470 |
| Keywords | Animals; Cestode Infections/diagnosis/parasitology/therapy/*veterinary; *Horse Diseases/diagnosis/parasitology/therapy; Horses | ||||
| Abstract | This paper gives a survey on biology and ecology of equine tapeworms as well as on pathogenesis, clinics, diagnosis, therapy, and prophylaxis of tapeworm infections. | ||||
| Address | Institut fur Vergleichende Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen | ||||
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| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | Bandwurmer, ein Problem in der Pferdepraxis? | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0303-6286 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7855855 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2663 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Robert, C.; Valette, J.P.; Denoix, J.M. | ||||
| Title | The effects of treadmill inclination and speed on the activity of three trunk muscles in the trotting horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Equine Veterinary Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Vet J |
| Volume | 33 | Issue | 5 | Pages |
466-472 |
| Keywords | Animals; Biomechanics; Electromyography/methods/veterinary; Exercise Test/veterinary; Gait/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Muscle, Skeletal/*physiology; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rectus Abdominis/physiology; Time Factors | ||||
| Abstract | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of speed and slope on the activity of trunk muscles. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the splenius (Sp), longissimus dorsi (LD) and rectus abdominis (RA) muscles was recorded with surface electrodes during treadmill locomotion at trot for different combinations of speed (3.5 to 6 m/s) and slope (0 to 6%). Raw EMG signals were processed to determine activity duration, onset and end and integrated EMG (IEMG). For the 3 muscles investigated, onset and end of activity were obtained earlier in the stride cycle when speed increased. A longer duration of activity for the LD, a shorter duration for the RA and an unchanged duration for the Sp were also observed. The IEMG of the latter was poorly affected by speed, whereas it increased linearly with speed for the 2 other muscles. When treadmill inclination changed from 0 to 6%, EMG activity of the LD and RA began and ended later; a longer activity duration was noted. Temporal parameters for Sp did not change with slope. A significant and progressive increase in the IEMG of the 3 muscles was observed with increasing slope. This evaluation of the activity of trunk muscles provides objective data for the use of speed or slope in training programmes. | ||||
| Address | UMR INRA-DGER, Biomecanique et Pathalogie Locomotrice du Cheval, UP Anatomie, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0425-1644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:11558741 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4052 | ||
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| Author | Keiper, R.R. | ||||
| Title | Social structure | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1986 | Publication | The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice | Abbreviated Journal | Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | 3 | Pages |
465-484 |
| Keywords | Animal Communication; Animals; Animals, Domestic; Animals, Wild; Dominance-Subordination; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; Homing Behavior; *Horses; Male; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior; *Social Dominance | ||||
| Abstract | Socially feral horses live in stable social groups characterized by one adult male, a number of adult females, and their offspring up to 2 years of age. Extra males either live by themselves or with other males in bachelor groups. The bands occupy nondefended home ranges that often overlap. Many abnormal behaviors seen in domestic horses occur because some aspect of their normal social behavior cannot be carried out in captivity. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0749-0739 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:3492240 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 675 | ||
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| Author | Judge, N.G. | ||||
| Title | Transport of horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1969 | Publication | Australian Veterinary Journal | Abbreviated Journal | Aust Vet J |
| Volume | 45 | Issue | 10 | Pages |
465-469 |
| Keywords | Aircraft; Animals; Australia; Automobiles; Behavior, Animal; Equipment and Supplies/veterinary; *Horses; Methods; *Movement; Ships; Veterinary Medicine | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0005-0423 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:5408645 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 1968 | ||
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| Author | Sankey, C.; Henry, S.; Clouard, C.; Richard-Yris, M.-A.; Hausberger, M. | ||||
| Title | Asymmetry of behavioral responses to a human approach in young naive vs. trained horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Physiology & Behavior | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 104 | Issue | 3 | Pages |
464-468 |
| Keywords | Laterality; Emotionality; Human approach; Horse | ||||
| Abstract | The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of training experience on young horses (Equus caballus)’ lateralized responses to an approaching human. The results show that the one year old untrained horses display asymmetrical responses to an approaching human, with more negative reactions (escapes, threats) when approached from the left side, while approaches towards the right shoulder elicited more positive behaviors. On the contrary, two years old trained horses reacted equally positively to approaches and contact on both sides. Our findings support those of previous studies investigating a link between emotionality and laterality and confirm the role of the left hemisphere in the processing of novel or negative stimuli. Moreover, the data underline the impact work and training can have on this laterality in horses. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0031-9384 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5688 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Jordan, J. | ||||
| Title | [Modern views on the structure and function of the vomeronasal (Jacobson's) organ in mammals] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1970 | Publication | Otolaryngologia Polska. The Polish Otolaryngology | Abbreviated Journal | Otolaryngol Pol |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 4 | Pages |
457-462 |
| Keywords | Animals; Cats; Dogs; Guinea Pigs; Horses; Humans; Mice; Nasal Septum/anatomy & histology/blood supply/cytology/innervation/physiology; Nose/*anatomy & histology/blood supply/innervation/*physiology; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; Smell | ||||
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| Language | Polish | Summary Language | Original Title | Obecne poglady na budowe i czynnosc narzadu lemieszowo-nosowego (Jacobsona) u ssakow | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0030-6657 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:4918960 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4315 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Maros, K.; Gácsi, M.; Miklósi, Á | ||||
| Title | Comprehension of human pointing gestures in horses ( Equus caballus ) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 3 | Pages |
457-466 |
| Keywords | Human-animal communication – Pointing – Horse | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract Twenty domestic horses (Equus caballus) were tested for their ability to rely on different human gesticular cues in a two-way object choice task. An experimenter hid food under one of two bowls and after baiting, indicated the location of the food to the subjects by using one of four different cues. Horses could locate the hidden reward on the basis of the distal dynamic-sustained, proximal momentary and proximal dynamic-sustained pointing gestures but failed to perform above chance level when the experimenter performed a distal momentary pointing gesture. The results revealed that horses could rely spontaneously on those cues that could have a stimulus or local enhancement effect, but the possible comprehension of the distal momentary pointing remained unclear. The results are discussed with reference to the involvement of various factors such as predisposition to read human visual cues, the effect of domestication and extensive social experience and the nature of the gesture used by the experimenter in comparative investigations. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4388 | ||
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| Author | Oakenfull, E.A.; Ryder, O.A. | ||||
| Title | Mitochondrial control region and 12S rRNA variation in Przewalski's horse (Equus przewalskii) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Animal Genetics | Abbreviated Journal | Anim Genet |
| Volume | 29 | Issue | 6 | Pages |
456-459 |
| Keywords | Animals; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics; Female; *Genetic Variation; Horses/*genetics; Male; Pedigree; RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics | ||||
| Abstract | Variation in the control region and the 12S rRNA gene of all surviving mitochondrial lineages of Przewalski's horse was investigated. Variation is low despite the present day population being descended from 13 individuals probably representing animals from three different regions of its range. Phylogenetic comparison of these sequences, with sequences for the domestic horse, does not resolve the ancestral status of either horse. | ||||
| Address | Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego, CA 92112, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0268-9146 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:9883508 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5040 | ||
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| Author | Albright, J.D.; Mohammed, H.O.; Heleski, C.R.; Wickens, C.L.; Houpt, K.A. | ||||
| Title | Crib-biting in US horses: Breed predispositions and owner perceptions of aetiology | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Equine Veterinary Journal | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 41 | Issue | 5 | Pages |
455-458 |
| Keywords | HORSE; BEHAVIOUR; CRIB-BITING; BREED PREVALENCE; LEARNING | ||||
| Abstract | Reasons for performing study: Crib-biting is an equine stereotypy that may result in diseases such as colic. Certain breeds and management factors have been associated. Objectives: To determine: breed prevalence of crib-biting in US horses; the likelihood that one horse learns to crib-bite from another; and owner perceptions of causal factors. Methods: An initial postal survey queried the number and breed of crib-biting horses and if a horse began after being exposed to a horse with this habit. In a follow-up survey, a volunteer subset of owners was asked the number of affected and nonaffected horses of each breed and the extent of conspecific contact. The likelihood of crib-biting given breed and extent of contact was quantified using odds ratio (OR) and significance of the association was assessed using the Chi-squared test. Results: Overall prevalence was 4.4%. Thoroughbreds were the breed most affected (13.3%). Approximately half of owners believed environmental factors predominantly cause the condition (54.4%) and crib-biting is learned by observation (48.8%). However, only 1.0% of horses became affected after being exposed to a crib-biter. The majority (86%) of horses was turned out in the same pasture with other horses and extent of contact with conspecifics was not statistically related to risk. Conclusion: This is the first study to report breed prevalence for crib-biting in US horses. Thoroughbreds were the breed more likely to be affected. More owners believed either environmental conditions were a predominant cause or a combination of genetic and environmental factors contributes to the behaviour. Only a small number of horses reportedly began to crib-bite after being exposed to an affected individual, but approximately half of owners considered it to be a learned behaviour; most owners did not isolate affected horses. Potential relevance: Genetic predisposition, not just intensive management conditions and surroundings, may be a factor in the high crib-biting prevalence in some breeds, and warrants further investigation. Little evidence exists to suggest horses learn the behaviour from other horses, and isolation may cause unnecessary stress. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5010 | ||
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