| Records |
| Author |
Janik, V.M. |
| Title |
Whistle matching in wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
289 |
Issue |
5483 |
Pages  |
1355-1357 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild/physiology; Dolphins/*physiology; *Imitative Behavior; *Learning; *Social Behavior; *Vocalization, Animal |
| Abstract |
Dolphin communication is suspected to be complex, on the basis of their call repertoires, cognitive abilities, and ability to modify signals through vocal learning. Because of the difficulties involved in observing and recording individual cetaceans, very little is known about how they use their calls. This report shows that wild, unrestrained bottlenose dolphins use their learned whistles in matching interactions, in which an individual responds to a whistle of a conspecific by emitting the same whistle type. Vocal matching occurred over distances of up to 580 meters and is indicative of animals addressing each other individually. |
| Address |
School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Bute Building, Fife KY16 9TS, UK |
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0036-8075 |
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| Notes |
PMID:10958783 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
550 |
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| Author |
Bergman, T.J.; Beehner, J.C.; Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M. |
| Title |
Hierarchical classification by rank and kinship in baboons |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
302 |
Issue |
5648 |
Pages |
1234-1236 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; Botswana; *Cognition; Family; Female; *Hierarchy, Social; Language; *Papio/psychology; Social Dominance; Vocalization, Animal |
| Abstract |
Humans routinely classify others according to both their individual attributes, such as social status or wealth, and membership in higher order groups, such as families or castes. They also recognize that people's individual attributes may be influenced and regulated by their group affiliations. It is not known whether such rule-governed, hierarchical classifications are specific to humans or might also occur in nonlinguistic species. Here we show that baboons recognize that a dominance hierarchy can be subdivided into family groups. In playback experiments, baboons respond more strongly to call sequences mimicking dominance rank reversals between families than within families, indicating that they classify others simultaneously according to both individual rank and kinship. The selective pressures imposed by complex societies may therefore have favored cognitive skills that constitute an evolutionary precursor to some components of human cognition. |
| Address |
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. thore@sas.upenn.edu |
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1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:14615544 |
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no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
689 |
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| Author |
Gary C. Jahn; Craig Packer,Robert Heinsohn |
| Title |
Lioness leadership |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
271 |
Issue |
5253 |
Pages |
1216-1219 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior; Animal; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Lions/*psychology; Territoriality |
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0036-8075 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jahn1996 |
Serial |
2073 |
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| Author |
Packer, C; Heinsohn, R. |
| Title |
Response:Lioness leadership |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
271 |
Issue |
5253 |
Pages |
1215-1216 |
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Animals; *Behavior; Animal; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Lions/*psychology; Territoriality |
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0036-8075 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jahn1996 |
Serial |
2072 |
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| Author |
Doligez, B.; Danchin, E.; Clobert, J. |
| Title |
Public information and breeding habitat selection in a wild bird population |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
297 |
Issue |
5584 |
Pages |
1168-1170 |
| Keywords |
*Animal Migration; Animals; Animals, Wild/physiology; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Cues; *Environment; Female; Male; *Nesting Behavior; Probability; *Reproduction; Songbirds/*physiology; Sweden |
| Abstract |
According to the “public information” hypothesis, some animal species may monitor the current reproductive success of conspecifics to assess local habitat quality and to choose their own subsequent breeding site. To test this hypothesis experimentally, we manipulated two components of public information, the mean number of offspring raised locally (“quantity”) and their condition (“quality”), in the collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis. Immigration rate decreased with local offspring quantity but did not depend on local offspring quality, suggesting that immigrants are deprived of information regarding local quality. Conversely, emigration rate increased both when local offspring quantity or quality decreased, suggesting that residents can use both components of public information. |
| Address |
Laboratoire d'Ecologie CNRS-UMR 7625, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 quai Saint Bernard, Batiment A 7eme etage, Case 237, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France. blandine.doligez@esh.unibe.ch |
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1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:12183627 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2841 |
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| Author |
Morell, V. |
| Title |
Nicola Clayton profile. Nicky and the jays |
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| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
315 |
Issue |
5815 |
Pages |
1074-1075 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; England; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Intelligence; Memory; Passeriformes/*physiology; Portraits |
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1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17322042 |
Approved |
no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2833 |
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| Author |
Mulcahy, N.J.; Call, J. |
| Title |
Apes save tools for future use |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
312 |
Issue |
5776 |
Pages |
1038-1040 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Association Learning; *Cognition; *Evolution; *Mental Processes; *Pan paniscus; Pan troglodytes; *Pongo pygmaeus |
| Abstract |
Planning for future needs, not just current ones, is one of the most formidable human cognitive achievements. Whether this skill is a uniquely human adaptation is a controversial issue. In a study we conducted, bonobos and orangutans selected, transported, and saved appropriate tools above baseline levels to use them 1 hour later (experiment 1). Experiment 2 extended these results to a 14-hour delay between collecting and using the tools. Experiment 3 showed that seeing the apparatus during tool selection was not necessary to succeed. These findings suggest that the precursor skills for planning for the future evolved in great apes before 14 million years ago, when all extant great ape species shared a common ancestor. |
| Address |
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany |
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1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:16709782 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
466 |
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| Author |
Blaisdell, A.P.; Sawa, K.; Leising, K.J.; Waldmann, M.R. |
| Title |
Causal reasoning in rats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
311 |
Issue |
5763 |
Pages |
1020-1022 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Association Learning; Bayes Theorem; *Cognition; Comprehension; Forecasting; Male; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans |
| Abstract |
Empirical research with nonhuman primates appears to support the view that causal reasoning is a key cognitive faculty that divides humans from animals. The claim is that animals approximate causal learning using associative processes. The present results cast doubt on that conclusion. Rats made causal inferences in a basic task that taps into core features of causal reasoning without requiring complex physical knowledge. They derived predictions of the outcomes of interventions after passive observational learning of different kinds of causal models. These competencies cannot be explained by current associative theories but are consistent with causal Bayes net theories. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. blaisdell@psych.ucla.edu |
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1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:16484500 |
Approved |
no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
154 |
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| Author |
Weir, A.A.S.; Chappell, J.; Kacelnik, A. |
| Title |
Shaping of hooks in New Caledonian crows |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
297 |
Issue |
5583 |
Pages |
981 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; Female; Male; Songbirds/*physiology |
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Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK |
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1095-9203 |
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| Notes |
PMID:12169726 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2842 |
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| Author |
Real, L.A. |
| Title |
Animal choice behavior and the evolution of cognitive architecture |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
253 |
Issue |
5023 |
Pages |
980-986 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Bees/genetics/*physiology; Biomechanics; *Choice Behavior; *Cognition; *Evolution; Mathematics; Models, Genetic; Probability |
| Abstract |
Animals process sensory information according to specific computational rules and, subsequently, form representations of their environments that form the basis for decisions and choices. The specific computational rules used by organisms will often be evolutionarily adaptive by generating higher probabilities of survival, reproduction, and resource acquisition. Experiments with enclosed colonies of bumblebees constrained to foraging on artificial flowers suggest that the bumblebee's cognitive architecture is designed to efficiently exploit floral resources from spatially structured environments given limits on memory and the neuronal processing of information. A non-linear relationship between the biomechanics of nectar extraction and rates of net energetic gain by individual bees may account for sensitivities to both the arithmetic mean and variance in reward distributions in flowers. Heuristic rules that lead to efficient resource exploitation may also lead to subjective misperception of likelihoods. Subjective probability formation may then be viewed as a problem in pattern recognition subject to specific sampling schemes and memory constraints. |
| Address |
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-3280 |
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English |
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0036-8075 |
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| Notes |
PMID:1887231 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2846 |
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