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Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L.; Bergman, T.J. |
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Title |
Primate social cognition and the origins of language |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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9 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
264-266 |
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Animals; *Cognition; Humans; *Language; Papio; Psychological Theory; Social Behavior; *Social Perception |
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Are the cognitive mechanisms underlying language unique, or can similar mechanisms be found in other domains? Recent field experiments demonstrate that baboons' knowledge of their companions' social relationships is based on discrete-valued traits (identity, rank, kinship) that are combined to create a representation of social relations that is hierarchically structured, open-ended, rule-governed, and independent of sensory modality. The mechanisms underlying language might have evolved from the social knowledge of our pre-linguistic primate ancestors. |
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Departments of Biology and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. seyfarth@psych.upenn.edu |
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1364-6613 |
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PMID:15925802 |
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343 |
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Author |
Bolhuis, J.J.; Macphail, E.M. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
A critique of the neuroecology of learning and memory |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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5 |
Issue |
10 |
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426-433 |
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Recent years have seen the emergence of neuroecology, the study of the neural mechanisms of behaviour guided by functional and evolutionary principles. This research has been of enormous value for our understanding of the evolution of brain- and species-specific behaviour. However, we question the validity of the neuroecological approach when applied to the analysis of learning and memory, given its arbitrary assumption that different [`]problems' engage different memory mechanisms. Differences in memory-based performance in [`]natural' tasks do not prove differences in memory capacity; similarly, differences in the use of memory in the natural environment do not provide a sound basis for expecting differences in anatomical structures that subserve learning and memory. This critique is illustrated with examples taken from the study of the neurobiology of food storing and song learning in birds. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4742 |
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Hare, B.; Tomasello, M. |
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Title |
Human-like social skills in dogs? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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9 |
Issue |
9 |
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439-444 |
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*Animal Communication; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition/*physiology; Dogs; *Evolution; Humans; *Social Behavior |
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Domestic dogs are unusually skilled at reading human social and communicative behavior--even more so than our nearest primate relatives. For example, they use human social and communicative behavior (e.g. a pointing gesture) to find hidden food, and they know what the human can and cannot see in various situations. Recent comparisons between canid species suggest that these unusual social skills have a heritable component and initially evolved during domestication as a result of selection on systems mediating fear and aggression towards humans. Differences in chimpanzee and human temperament suggest that a similar process may have been an important catalyst leading to the evolution of unusual social skills in our own species. The study of convergent evolution provides an exciting opportunity to gain further insights into the evolutionary processes leading to human-like forms of cooperation and communication. |
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Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, Germany. hare@eva.mpg.de |
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PMID:16061417 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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546 |
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Author |
Markman, E.M.; Abelev, M. |
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Title |
Word learning in dogs? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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8 |
Issue |
11 |
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479-81; discussion 481 |
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Animals; Association Learning; Dogs; *Learning; *Verbal Learning; *Vocabulary |
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In a recent paper, Kaminski, Call and Fischer report pioneering research on word-learning in a dog. In this commentary we suggest ways of distinguishing referential word use from mere association. We question whether the dog is reasoning by exclusion and, if so, compare three explanations – learned heuristics, default assumptions, and pragmatic reasoning – as they apply to children and might apply to dogs. Kaminski et al.'s work clearly raises important questions about the origins and basis of word learning and social cognition. |
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Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Bldg 420, Stanford, CA 94305-2130, USA |
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PMID:15491899 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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274 |
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Author |
Barrett, L.; Henzi, P.; Dunbar, R. |
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Title |
Primate cognition: from 'what now?' to 'what if?' |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages ![sorted by First Page field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
494-497 |
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The 'social brain' hypothesis has had a major impact on the study of comparative cognition. However, despite a strong sense, gained from both experimental and observational work, that monkeys and apes differ from each other, we are still no closer to understanding exactly how they differ. We hypothesize that the dispersed social systems characteristic of ape societies explains why monkeys and apes should differ cognitively. The increased cognitive control and analogical reasoning ability needed to cope with life in dispersed societies also suggests a possible route for human cognitive evolution. This hypothesis is supported by behavioural and neurobiological data, but we need more of both if we are to fully understand how our primate cousins see the world. |
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School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown St, Liverpool, UK L69 7ZB. louiseb@liv.ac.uk |
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1364-6613 |
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PMID:14585446 |
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2096 |
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