| Records |
| Author |
Macfadden, B.J. |
| Title |
Fossil horses Cambridge Univ Press |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1994 |
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Synopsis
The family Equidae have an extensive fossil record spanning the last 58 million years, and the evolution of the horse has frequently been used as a classic example of long-term evolution. In recent years, however, there have been many important discoveries of fossil horses, and these, in conjunction with such new methods as cladistics, and techniques like precise geochronology, have allowed us to achieve a much greater understanding of the evolution and biology of this important group. This book synthesizes the large body of data and research relevant to an understanding of fossil horses from several disciplines including biology, geology and palaeontology. Using horses as the central theme, the author weaves together in the text such topics as modern geochronology, palaeobiogeography, climate change, evolution and extinction, functional morphology, and population biology during the Cenozoic period. |
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Cambridge University Press |
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Cambridge |
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978-0521477086 |
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no |
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Serial |
1360 |
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| Author |
Frey, G.; Hildenbrandt, E. |
| Title |
Einführung in die Trainingslehre 1. Grundlagen |
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Book Whole |
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1994 |
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Hofmann |
Place of Publication |
Schorndorf |
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3778084127 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4442 |
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| Author |
Wasserman, S.; Faust, K. |
| Title |
Social Network Analysis : Methods and Applications |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1994 |
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bibtex-import |
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Cambridge University Press |
Place of Publication |
Cambridge |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Wasserman1994 |
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5150 |
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| Author |
Ballou, J. |
| Title |
Population Biology |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Przewalski’s horse: The History and Biology of an Endangered Species |
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tate University of New York Press |
Place of Publication |
Albany |
Editor |
Boyd,L.;Houpt, C.A |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5187 |
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| Author |
Houpt, K. A.; Boyd L. |
| Title |
Social Behaviour |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Przewalski's horse |
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State university of New York Press |
Place of Publication |
Albany |
Editor |
Boyd L.; Houpt, K. A. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5433 |
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| Author |
Fritts, S.H.; Bangs, E.E.; Gore, J.F. |
| Title |
The relationship of wolf recovery to habitat conservation and biodiversity in the northwestern United States |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Landsc Urban Plan |
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28 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Fritts1994 |
Serial |
6453 |
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| Author |
Araba, B.D.; Crowell-Davis, S.L. |
| Title |
Dominance relationships and aggression of foals (Equus caballus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume |
41 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
1-25 |
| Keywords |
aggression; dominance; horse; Equus caballus |
| Abstract |
Studied a herd of 15 Belgian brood-mares and 10 foals. Specific aspects of social structure studied were dominance-subordinance relationships, preferred associates, social spacing, aggression rates, the frequency of aggressions administered down the dominance hierarchy, and interactive play bouts. The rank order of the foals, both before and after weaning, was positively correlated with the rank order of their dams. There was also a significant relationship between a foal's rank and its total aggression or aggression rate per subordinate post-weaning. Higher ranking foals had higher rates of aggression. Over 80% of threats were directed down the dominance hierachy. The play-rank order of the foals, scored by the number of times foal left a play bout, was not significantly correlated with the rank order as scored by agonistic interactions. -from Authors |
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Dept Anatomy and Radiology, Univ of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA |
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01681591 (Issn) |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
790 |
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| Author |
Wolff, A.; Hausberger, M. |
| Title |
Behaviour of foals before weaning may have some genetic basis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
| Volume |
96 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-10 |
| Keywords |
Locomotion; Suckling; Social behavior; Foraging behavior; Exploratory behavior; Interindividual comparison; Young animal; Genetic inheritance; Captivity; Social interaction; Feeding behavior; Perissodactyla; Ungulata; Mammalia; Vertebrata |
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In this preliminary study on foal behaviour, 13 French saddlebred foals (2-3 mo old) and their dams were observed on pasture. The most important findings are the interindividual quantitative differences in foal behaviour patterns as well as in the amount of mainly foal-initiated time spent at given distances from their mares. Interindividual differences seem in part due to a sire effect |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5022 |
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| Author |
Noë, R.; Hammerstein, P. |
| Title |
Biological markets: supply and demand determine the effect of partner choice in cooperation, mutualism and mating |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-11 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
| Abstract |
The formation of collaborating pairs by individuals belonging to two different classes occurs in the contexts of reproduction and intea-specific cooperation as well as of inter-specific mutualism. There is potential for partner choice and for competition for access to preferred partners in all three contexts. These selective forces have long been recognised as important in sexual selection, but their impact is not yet appreciated in cooperative and mutualistic systems. The formation of partnerships between members of different classes has much in common with the conclusion of trade agreements in human markets with two classes of traders, like producers and consumers, or employers and employees. Similar game-theoretical models can be used to predict the behaviour of rational traders in human markets and the evolutionarily stable strategies used in biological markets. We present a formal model in which the influence of the market mechanism on selection is made explicit. We restrict ourselves to biological markets in which: (1) Individuals do not compete over access to partners in an agonistic manner, but rather by outcompeting each other in those aspects that are preferred by the choosing party. (2) The commodity the partner has to offer cannot be obtained by the use of force, but requires the consent of the partner. These two restrictions ensure a dominant role for partner choice in the formation of partnerships. In a biological market model the decision to cooperate is based on the comparison between the offers of several potential partners, rather than on the behaviour of a single potential partner, as is implicitly assumed in currently accepted models of cooperation. In our example the members of one class A offer a commodity of fixed value in exchange for a commodity of variable value supplied by the other class, B. We show that when the B-class outnumbers the A-class sufficiently and the cost for the A-class to sample the offers of the B-class are low, the choosiness of the A-class will lead to selection for the supply of high value commodities by the B-class (Fig. 3a). Under the same market conditions, but with a high sampling cost this may still be the evolutionariy stable outcome, but another pair of strategies proves to be stable too: relaxed choosiness of class A coupled with low value commodities supplied by class B (Fig. 3b). We give a number of examples of mating, cooperative and mutualistic markets that resemble the low sampling cost situation depicted in Fig. 3a. |
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Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
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0340-5443 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5404 |
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| Author |
Stevens,J.A. |
| Title |
Zebras in Turmoil |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
International Wildlife |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int Wildl |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
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Pages |
4-12 |
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0020-9112 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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yes |
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Serial |
1633 |
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