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Author | Carson, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. | ||||
Title | Equine behaviour: I. A review of the literature on social and dam--Foal behaviour | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1983 | Publication | Applied Animal Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 10 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 165-178 |
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Abstract | In most cases, the social organisation of each of the seven species of Equidae existing today outside captivity is either territorial or non-territorial. The striking differences found between these two types of organisation in the social grouping and bonds, mating behaviour, leadership and dominance hierarchies of the animals are examined. It is thought that the non-territorial species show a less primitive type of organisation than the territorial animals. Infant Equidae are precocious animals and are able to follow their dams soon after birth. They stay close by their dams and travel with the herd from an early age and are therefore classified as “followers”, in contrast to the species which have a period of hiding after birth. Dams recognise their foals immediately after birth, whereas it takes 2 or 3 days for a foal to form an attachment to its dam. Being in close proximity to their dams, foals are able to nurse frequently and, unless artificially weaned, a foal will nurse until its dam foals again. Foals start to graze during their first week and as they grow older they spend more time grazing and less time nursing and resting. It is normal for foals to be corprophagic until one month old, and this provides them with bacteria essential for the digestion of fibre. Play behaviour is solitary in very young foals, but after 4 weeks of age, foals play together, with male foals playing more than females and showing more aggressive, fighting movements in play. | ||||
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ISSN | 0304-3762 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6671 | ||
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Author | Meriggi, A.; Dagradi, V.; Dondina, O.; Perversi, M.; Milanesi, P.; Lombardini, M.; Raviglione, S.; Repossi, A. | ||||
Title | Short-term responses of wolf feeding habits to changes of wild and domestic ungulate abundance in Northern Italy | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2014 | Publication | Ethology Ecology & Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | Ethology Ecology & Evolution |
Volume | 27 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 389-411 |
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Publisher | Taylor & Francis | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | 0394-9370 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | doi: 10.1080/03949370.2014.986768 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6688 | ||
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Author | Humphrey, N. K. | ||||
Title | The social function of intellect. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1976 | Publication | Growing Points in Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 303-317 | ||
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Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Cambridge | Editor | Bateson, P. P. G.; Hinde, R. A. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5459 | ||
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Author | Krueger K., Farmer K., Byrne R. | ||||
Title | The use of sensory laterality for indicating emotional and cognitive reactions on environmental stimuli in animals [Die sensorische Lateralität als Indikator für emotionale und kognitive Reaktionen auf Umweltreize beim Tier]. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 2011 | Publication | Current research in applied ethology [Aktuelle Arbeiten zur artgemäßen Tierhaltung | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 13-23 | ||
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Abstract | Summary Many animals are lateralized when using sensory organs such as the eyes, ears or nostrils. Sensory laterality is not, as previously believed, caused by adjustment to motor laterality, but rather by one sided information processing in the particular brain hemi-spheres. While the right hemisphere predominantly analyses emotional information, the left hemisphere governs controlled rational, cognitive decisions. Since the brain hemi-spheres are largely connected with contralateral sensory organs, it is possible to infer how the information may be being interpreted by the side of preferred eye, ear or nostril used. The left eye usually dominates in emotional situations, i.e. fear or positive ex-citement, and the right eye in rational situations. Moreover, laterality increases when animals are stressed, e.g. when animals are confronted with anthropogenic or natural factors they can not handle, such as unsuitable housing or training conditions or un-avoidable predation pressure and social competition. A strong or increasing laterality could therefore potentially indicate welfare issues. Zusammenfassung Viele Tiere zeigen eine eindeutige sensorische Lateralität, sprich sie benutzen bevor-zugt ein Auge, ein Ohr, oder eine Nüster zur Aufnahme von Sinneseindrücken. Dies korreliert in den meisten Fällen nicht mit der motorischen Lateralität, sondern wird viel mehr durch die einseitige Verarbeitung von Informationen in den jeweiligen Gehirnhe-misphären bedingt. So werden emotionale Reaktionen von der rechten, reaktiven Ge-hirnhemisphäre und rationale Reaktionen von der linken, kognitiven Gehirnhemisphäre gesteuert. Da die Gehirnhälften zum Großen Teil mit den kontrolateralen Sinnesorga-nen verbunden sind lässt die Seite mit welcher Sinneseindrücke aufgenommen werden Schlüsse auf deren Informationsgehalt zu. So zeigen Tiere bei linksseitiger Aufnahme von Sinneseindrücken vermehrt reaktive, emotionalen Reaktionen, wie etwa bei Angst oder freudige Erregung, und bei rechtsseitig aufgenommene Sinneseindrücke eher rationales, gesteuertes Verhalten. Zudem verstärkt sich die sensorische Lateralität wenn Tiere Stress erfahren, sprich wenn sie wiederholt mit Situationen anthropogenen oder natürlichen Ursprungs konfrontiert werden denen sie nicht gewachsen sind, wie etwa bei unpassenden Haltungs- und Trainingsbedingungen, oder bei unausweichli-chem Raubtierdruck und sozialer Konkurrenz. Eine stark ausgeprägte, zunehmende sensorische Lateralität kann daher auf ein beeinträchtigtes Wohlergehen der Tiere hinweisen. |
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Publisher | KTBL | Place of Publication | Darmstadt | Editor | Erhard,M. ; Pollmann, U.; Puppe, B.; Reiter,K.; Waiblinger , S. |
Language | Greman | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | ISBN | 978-3-941583-58-0 | Medium | ||
Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5445 | ||
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