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| Author | Jensen, G.D.; Gordon, B.N.; Wolfheim, J. | ||||
| Title | Nursing behavior in infant monkeys: a sequence analysis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1975 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 55 | Issue | 1-2 | Pages | 115-127 |
| Keywords | Animals; Dependency (Psychology); *Feeding Behavior; Female; *Macaca; Male; Sensory Deprivation; Social Behavior; Spatial Behavior | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0005-7959 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:1191212 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4153 | ||
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| Author | Salzen, E.A.; Cornell, J.M. | ||||
| Title | Self-perception and species recognition in birds | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1968 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 30 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 44-65 |
| Keywords | Animals; Birds; Color Perception; Discrimination Learning; Generalization, Response; Imprinting (Psychology); *Perception; *Self Concept; Social Isolation; *Species Specificity; Water | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0005-7959 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:5644775 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4154 | ||
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| Author | Wittemyer, G.; Getz, W.M. | ||||
| Title | A likely ranking interpolation for resolving dominance orders in systems with unknown relationships | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 143 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 909-930 |
| Keywords | DOMINANCE HIERARCHY; ALGORITH; SOCIAL AGONISTIC INTERACTIONS | ||||
| Abstract | n many animal systems agonistic interactions may be rare or not overt, particularly where such interactions are costly or of high risk as is common for large mammals. We present a technique developed specifically for resolving an optimized dominance order of individuals in systems with transitive (i.e. linear) dominance relationships, but where not all relationships are known. Our method augments the widely used I&SI method (de Vries, 1998) with an interpolation function for resolving the relative ranks of individuals with unknown relationships. Our method offers several advantages over other dominance methods by enabling the incorporation of any proportion of unknown relationships, resolving a unique solution to any dominance matrix, and calculating cardinal dominance strengths for each individual. As such, this method enables novel insight into difficult to study behavioural systems. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 438 | ||
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| Author | Hemelrijk,C. K.; Wantia,J.; Gygax,L. | ||||
| Title | The construction of dominance order: comparing performance of five methods using an individual-based model | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 142 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 1043-1064 |
| Keywords | dominance order, ranking method, agent-based model, statistical method, aggression | ||||
| Abstract | In studies of animal behaviour investigators correlate dominance with all kinds of behavioural variables, such as reproductive success and foraging success. Many methods are used to produce a dominance hierarchy from a matrix reflecting the frequency of winning dominance interactions. These different methods produce different hierarchies. However, it is difficult to decide which ranking method is best. In this paper, we offer a new procedure for this decision: we use an individual-based model, called DomWorld, as a test-environment. We choose this model, because it provides access to both the internal dominance values of artificial agents (which reflects their fighting power) and the matrix of winning and losing among them and, in addition, because its behavioural rules are biologically inspired and its group-level patterns resemble those of real primates. We compare statistically the dominance hierarchy based on the internal dominance values of the artificial agents with the dominance hierarchy produced by ranking individuals by (a) their total frequency of winning, (b) their average dominance index, (c) a refined dominance index, the David`s score, (d) the number of subordinates each individual has and (e) a ranking method based on maximizing the linear order of the hierarchy. Because dominance hierarchies may differ depending on group size, type of society, and the interval of study, we compare these ranking methods for these conditions.We study complete samples as well as samples randomly chosen to resemble the limitations of observing real animals. It appears that two methods of medium complexity (the average dominance index and David`s score) lead to hierarchical orders that come closest to the hierarchy based on internal dominance values of the agents. We advocate usage of the average dominance index, because of its computational simplicity. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 445 | ||
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| Author | Digweed, Shannon M.; Fedigan, Linda M.; Rendall, Drew | ||||
| Title | Variable specificity in the anti-predator vocalizations and behaviour of the white-faced capuchin, Cebus capucinus | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 142 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 997-1021 |
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| Abstract | (Accepted: 23 June 2005) Summary Much research in animal communication is aimed at understanding the functional design features of animal vocal signals. Our detailed analyses of the vocalizations and behavioural responses elicited in white-faced capuchins by predators and other disturbances point to two call variants that differ modestly in their acoustic structure and that are accompanied by functionally distinct behavioural responses. The first variant is given exclusively to avian predators and is almost invariably accompanied by the monkeys immediate descent from the treetops where it is most vulnerable; therefore, we label this call variant the aerial predator alarm?. The second variant, that differs only slightly but noticeably from the first, is given to a wide range of snakes and mammals, including a range of species that represent no predatory threat to the monkeys. This second call is also associated with more variable responses from calling monkeys, from delayed retreat from the source of disturbance, to active approach, inspection, and sometimes mobbing of the animal involved. We therefore label this variant more generally as an “alerting call”. Although some other primate species show a more diverse system of anti-predator calls, and the capuchins themselves may yet be found to produce a greater variety of calls, a system of two call variants with varying degrees of predator specificity and behavioural response is not uncommon among primates and appears functionally appropriate for capuchins. The basic structure of the alerting call allows conspecific listeners to localize the caller and the source of disturbance readily, thereby allowing listeners to approach and assist in mobbing in cases where the disturbance warrants it, or to avoid the area in cases where the disturbance is identified as a predatory threat. Conversely, the aerial predator alarm is inherently less localizable and therefore conveys the |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 547 | ||
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| Author | Chase, I.D.; Tovey, C.; Murch, P. | ||||
| Title | Two's Company, Three's a Crowd: Differences in Dominance Relationships in Isolated Versus Socially Embedded Pairs of Fish | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 140 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 1193-1217 |
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| Abstract | We performed experiments with cichlid fish to test whether several basic aspects of dominance were the same in isolated pairs as in pairs within a social group of three or four. We found that the social context, whether a pair was isolated or within a group, strongly affected the basic properties of dominance relationships. In particular, the stability of relationships over time, the replication of relationships in successive meetings, and the extent of the loser effect were all significantly less in socially embedded pairs than in isolated pairs. We found no significant winner effect in either isolated or socially embedded pairs. These findings call into question many current approaches to dominance that do not consider social context as an important factor in dominance behavior. These findings also cast serious doubt on the validity of empirical and theoretical approaches based on dyadic interactions. Among these approaches are game theoretic models for the evolution of aggressive behavior, experimental designs evaluating how asymmetries in attributes influence the outcome of dominance | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 857 | ||
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| Author | Hemelrijk, C.K. | ||||
| Title | Despotic societies, sexual attraction and the emergence of male 'tolerance': an agent-based model | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 139 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 729-747 |
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| Abstract | During the period when females are sexually attractive – but only then – males of certain species of primates, such as chimpanzees, allow females access to resources. Because males are usually dominant over females, such male 'tolerance' is explained as a special, reproductive strategy to gain access to females. In this paper a simpler hypothesis is proposed on the basis of an individual-based model (called DomWorld): male 'tolerance' towards females arises in 'despotic' artificial societies as a kind of 'respectful timidity', because sexual attraction automatically increases female dominance over males as a side-effect. The model consists in a homogeneous, virtual world with agents that group and perform dominance-interactions in which the effects of victory and defeat are self-reinforcing. The artificial sexes differ in that VirtualMales have a higher intensity of aggression, they start with a greater capacity to win conflicts than VirtualFemales and they are especially attracted to the opposite sex during certain periods, whereas VirtualFemales are not. I shall explain how the introduction into DomWorld of the attraction of VirtualMales by VirtualFemales leads to female dominance, why it does so only in despotic, but not in egalitarian societies, and how it leads to other phenomena that are relevant to the study of primate behaviour. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 864 | ||
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| Author | McLean, I.G.; Schmitt, N.T.; Jarman, P.J.; Duncan, C.; Wynne, C.D.L. | ||||
| Title | Learning For Life: Training Marsupials To Recognise Introduced Predators | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 137 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 1361-1376 |
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| Abstract | Raising endangered species in captivity for reintroduction necessarily results in animals that lack appropriate skills for coping with problems to be faced in the wild, such as predators. Using classical conditioning techniques involving linking fear of a live dog with the image of a fox, we demonstrate an adjusted fear response for two wallaby species (rufous bettongs Aepyprymnus rufescens, quokkas Setonix brachyurus). No differences in response to the fox were found for wild-caught and captive-born bettongs, even though wild-caught subjects were likely to have encountered canids prior to capture. Attempts to condition a fear response by quokkas to an odour were unsuccessful. An attempt to induce fear of the stuffed fox by linking to fear of humans in quokkas was unsuccessful, but quokkas generalised from fear of the dog to fear of the fox, despite a delay of several weeks. Trained dogs offer a valuable and ethically acceptable mechanism for improving the ability of captive-reared (or sequestered) animals to recognise and cope with predators. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2282 | ||
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| Author | Schilder, M.B.H. | ||||
| Title | Dominance relationships between adult Plains zebra stallions in semi – captivity | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1988 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 104 | Issue | 3-4 | Pages | 300-319 |
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| Abstract | The relationships between 4-5 adult zebra stallions, living in a safari park, were investigated over a period of 5 years. Asymmetries in the distributions of a number of behaviours could be explained by adopting dominance as an intervening variable. Dominance in stallions was of a bipolar nature with on the one hand behaviours representing subordinance and defence, and on the other hand behaviours reinforcing and confirming dominance. Expression of formal dominance seems to play a minor role. The dyadic relationships of stallions differed as to the number of behaviours reflecting dominance relationships. Although often linear rank-orders could be constructed, these rank-orders were not necessarily identical. This means that the concept of dominance is of only limited value for describing relationships between zebra stallions. | ||||
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | yes | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1564 | |||
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| Author | Schilder, M.B. H. | ||||
| Title | Interventions in a herd of semi – captive Plains zebras | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1990 | Publication | Behavior | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 112 | Issue | 1-2 | Pages | 53-83 |
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| Abstract | n a herd of semi-captive plains zebras interventions, which occurred within the harems, were investigated in order to answer the question why zebras interfered. These interventions are of interest because they regulate the contacts between companions and because, as corrective and preventive measures, they reveal the normative principles underlying the behaviours by which animals structure their social environment. An attempt was made to deduce 1) the internal norms of the interferer; 2) his short term aims; 3) his tactis and 4) his perception of the social environment. The analysis revealed that in the case of an affiliative interaction foals, yearlings and adult mares started to interfere if a friend had an affiliative contact with another zebra. In view of the interferer's behaviours it was concluded that their aim was to break off the ongoing interaction and that zebras tended to protect friendship bonds. Foals and yearlings further interfered if their mother was being threatened, attacked or sexually approached by a stallion. In view of the interferer's behaviours its aim was to prevent iminent interactions or to break off ongoing interactions. This suggests that these interventions were of a protective nature. The interferer's behaviours in both contexts ware very much alike. Mares tended to interfere if their foal/yearling or adult daughter was threathened or aggressed or if a mare friend was being sexually approached by a stallion. This type of intervention was of a protective nature. Stallions in a multi male harem showed a high tendency to interfere in courtship interactions. From the resemblance between interventions in courtship and in aggressive interactions it is concluded that, at leat in a number of cases, the individuals have perceived courtship behaviour by the stallion as a threat towards the mare involved. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1565 | |||
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