Records |
Author |
Nicol, C.J.; Davidson, H.P.D.; Harris, P.A.; Waters, A.J.; Wilson, A.D. |
Title |
Study of crib-biting and gastric inflammation and ulceration in young horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
The Veterinary record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
Volume |
151 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
658-662 |
Keywords |
Animal Husbandry/methods; Animals; Antacids/therapeutic use; *Behavior, Animal; Diet/veterinary; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/veterinary; Feces/chemistry; Female; Gastritis/diet therapy/physiopathology/*veterinary; Horse Diseases/diet therapy/*physiopathology/psychology; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Random Allocation; Stereotyped Behavior/*physiology; Stomach Ulcer/diet therapy/physiopathology/*veterinary; Treatment Outcome; Weaning |
Abstract |
Nineteen young horses that had recently started to perform the stereotypy of crib-biting were compared with 16 non-stereotypic horses for 14 weeks. After initial observations of their behaviour and an endoscopic examination of the condition of their stomachs, the horses were randomly allocated to a control or an antacid diet At the start of the trial, the stomachs of the crib-biting foals were significantly more ulcerated and inflamed than the stomachs of the normal foals. In addition, the faecal pH of the crib-biting foals (6.05) was significantly lower than that of the normal foals (6.58). The antacid diet resulted in a significant improvement in the condition of the horses' stomachs. The crib-biting behaviour declined in most of the foals, regardless of their diet, but tended to decline to a greater extent in the foals on the antacid diet. |
Address |
Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Bristol BS40 5DU |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0042-4900 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:12498408 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
83 |
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Author |
Carroll, G.L.; Matthews, N.S.; Hartsfield, S.M.; Slater, M.R.; Champney, T.H.; Erickson, S.W. |
Title |
The effect of detomidine and its antagonism with tolazoline on stress-related hormones, metabolites, physiologic responses, and behavior in awake ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Veterinary surgery : VS : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet Surg |
Volume |
26 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
69-77 |
Keywords |
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Animals; Behavior, Animal/drug effects/physiology; Blood Glucose/metabolism; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/physiology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Epinephrine/blood; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Horse Diseases/metabolism/physiopathology/psychology; Horses/blood/metabolism/*physiology; Hydrocortisone/blood; Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Imidazoles/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Norepinephrine/blood; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/drug effects/*physiology; Stress/metabolism/physiopathology/veterinary; Time Factors; Tolazoline/administration & dosage/*pharmacology |
Abstract |
Six ponies were used to investigate the effect of tolazoline antagonism of detomidine on physiological responses, behavior, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, glucose, and free fatty acids in awake ponies. Each pony had a catheter inserted into a jugular vein 1 hour before beginning the study. Awake ponies were administered detomidine (0.04 mg/kg intravenously [i.v.]) followed 20 minutes later by either tolazoline (4.0 mg/kg i.v.) or saline. Blood samples were drawn from the catheter 5 minutes before detomidine administration (baseline), 5 minutes after detomidine administration, 20 minutes before detomidine administration which was immediately before the administration of tolazoline or saline (time [T] = 0), and at 5, 30, and 60 minutes after injections of tolazoline or saline (T = 5, 30, and 60 minutes, respectively). Compared with heart rate at T = 0, tolazoline antagonism increased heart rate 45% at 5 minutes. There was no difference in heart rate between treatments at 30 minutes. Blood pressure remained stable after tolazoline, while it decreased over time after saline. Compared with concentrations at T = 0, tolazoline antagonism of detomidine in awake ponies resulted in a 55% increase in cortisol at 30 minutes and a 52% increase in glucose at 5 minutes. The change in free fatty acids was different for tolazoline and saline over time. Free fatty acids decreased after detomidine administration. Free fatty acids did not change after saline administration. After tolazoline administration, free fatty acids increased transiently. Tolazoline tended to decrease sedation and analgesia at 15 and 60 minutes postantagonism. Antagonism of detomidine-induced physiological and behavioral effects with tolazoline in awake ponies that were not experiencing pain appears to precipitate a stress response as measured by cortisol, glucose, and free fatty acids. If antagonism of an alpha-agonist is contemplated, the potential effect on hormones and metabolites should be considered. |
Address |
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0161-3499 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:9123816 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
96 |
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Author |
Grubb, T.L.; Foreman, J.H.; Benson, G.J.; Thurmon, J.C.; Tranquilli, W.J.; Constable, P.D.; Olson, W.O.; Davis, L.E. |
Title |
Hemodynamic effects of calcium gluconate administered to conscious horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Vet Intern Med |
Volume |
10 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
401-404 |
Keywords |
Animals; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Calcium/blood; Calcium Gluconate/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Cardiac Output/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/*physiology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Hemodynamic Processes/*drug effects/physiology; Horses/blood/*physiology; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects/physiology; Respiration/drug effects/physiology; Stroke Volume/drug effects/physiology; Time Factors |
Abstract |
Calcium gluconate was administered to conscious horses at 3 different rates (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg/min for 15 minutes each). Serum calcium concentrations and parameters of cardiovascular function were evaluated. All 3 calcium administration rates caused marked increases in both ionized and total calcium concentrations, cardiac index, stroke index, and cardiac contractility (dP/dtmax). Mean arterial pressure and right atrial pressure were unchanged; heart rate decreased markedly during calcium administration. Ionized calcium concentration remained between 54% and 57% of total calcium concentration throughout the study. We conclude that calcium gluconate can safely be administered to conscious horses at 0.1 to 0.4 mg/kg/min and that administration will result in improved cardiac function. |
Address |
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0891-6640 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:8947873 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
97 |
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Author |
Williams, D.O.; Boatwright, R.B.; Rugh, K.S.; Garner, H.E.; Griggs, D.M.J. |
Title |
Myocardial blood flow, metabolism, and function with repeated brief coronary occlusions in conscious ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1991 |
Publication |
The American journal of physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Physiol |
Volume |
260 |
Issue |
1 Pt 2 |
Pages |
H100-9 |
Keywords |
Animals; Consciousness/*physiology; Coronary Circulation/*physiology; Coronary Disease/pathology/*physiopathology; Disease Models, Animal; Hemodynamic Processes/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Hydrogen/metabolism; Lactates/metabolism; Myocardium/*metabolism/pathology; Norepinephrine/metabolism; Potassium/metabolism; Regional Blood Flow |
Abstract |
Studies were performed in the conscious pony instrumented with a Doppler flow probe and hydraulic occluder on the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), sonomicrometry crystals and intraventricular micromanometer in the left ventricle, and catheters in the left atrium and anterior interventricular vein. Two-minute LAD occlusions were performed every 30 min continuously or during working hours. Data on release of catabolites (potassium, hydrogen ions, and lactate) and norepinephrine from the initially dysfunctional region were obtained periodically during a regimen of 445 +/- 56 occlusions in six animals. Regional myocardial blood flow was measured (microsphere method) before and after an occlusion regimen in four animals. Marked release of catabolites and norepinephrine from the initially dysfunctional region was noted in association with early occlusions when myocardial segment function was severely reduced. With further occlusions, release of these substances decreased while segment function improved. Blood flow was markedly decreased in the initially dysfunctional region during an early occlusion but was at the control level during a later occlusion. Although the metabolic findings are consistent with protection due to “ischemic preconditioning” and no increase in collateral perfusion, the inverse relationship noted between catabolite release and segment function is best explained by flow-dependent mechanisms. These results, together with the myocardial blood flow data, serve to validate a previous assumption that protection against regional myocardial dysfunction under these conditions is due to increased collateral perfusion. |
Address |
Department of Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65212 |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0002-9513 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:1992786 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
98 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Forster, H.V.; Pan, L.G.; Bisgard, G.E.; Flynn, C.; Hoffer, R.E. |
Title |
Changes in breathing when switching from nares to tracheostomy breathing in awake ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Appl Physiol |
Volume |
59 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1214-1221 |
Keywords |
Airway Resistance; Animals; Chemoreceptors/physiology; Consciousness; Exertion; Horses/*physiology; Lung Compliance; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Pulmonary Stretch Receptors/physiology; *Respiration; Respiratory Dead Space; *Tracheotomy |
Abstract |
We assessed the consequences of respiratory unloading associated with tracheostomy breathing (TBr). Three normal and three carotid body-denervated (CBD) ponies were prepared with chronic tracheostomies that at rest reduced physiological dead space (VD) from 483 +/- 60 to 255 +/- 30 ml and lung resistance from 1.5 +/- 0.14 to 0.5 +/- 0.07 cmH2O . l-1 . s. At rest and during steady-state mild-to-heavy exercise arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) was approximately 1 Torr higher during nares breathing (NBr) than during TBr. Pulmonary ventilation and tidal volume (VT) were greater and alveolar ventilation was less during NBr than TBr. Breathing frequency (f) did not differ between NBr and TBr at rest, but f during exercise was greater during TBr than during NBr. These responses did not differ between normal and CBD ponies. We also assessed the consequences of increasing external VD (300 ml) and resistance (R, 0.3 cmH2O . l-1 . s) by breathing through a tube. At rest and during mild exercise tube breathing caused PaCO2 to transiently increase 2-3 Torr, but 3-5 min later PaCO2 usually was within 1 Torr of control. Tube breathing did not cause f to change. When external R was increased 1 cmH2O . l-1 . s by breathing through a conventional air collection system, f did not change at rest, but during exercise f was lower than during unencumbered breathing. These responses did not differ between normal, CBD, and hilar nerve-denervated ponies, and they did not differ when external VD or R were added at either the nares or tracheostomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
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English |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
8750-7587 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Notes |
PMID:4055600 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
100 |
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Author |
Weik, H.; Lingk, W.; Altmann, H.J. |
Title |
[Behavior of individual fatty acids during in-vitro lipolysis and resynthesis in equine depot fat] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zentralbl Veterinarmed A |
Volume |
19 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
677-685 |
Keywords |
Adipose Tissue/*metabolism; Animals; Fatty Acids/*metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism; Horses/*metabolism; Triglycerides/metabolism |
Abstract |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Das Verhalten der einzelnen Fettsauren wahrend der Lipolyse und Resynthese im Pferdepotfett in vitro |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0514-7158 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:4628723 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
131 |
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Author |
Weik, H.; Altmann, J. |
Title |
The effect of L(+)-lactate on rat and horse adipose tissue in vitro |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zentralbl Veterinarmed A |
Volume |
19 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
514-518 |
Keywords |
Adipose Tissue/analysis/*drug effects; Animals; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glycerol/metabolism; Horses; Lactates/*pharmacology; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Rats |
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English |
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ISSN |
0514-7158 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:4626300 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
132 |
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Author |
Altmann, H.J.; Weik, H. |
Title |
[Serum fatty acid patterns of phospholipid fractions in horses] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd |
Volume |
28 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
285-288 |
Keywords |
Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Fatty Acids/*blood; *Horses; Male; Phospholipids/*blood |
Abstract |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Fettsaurenmuster der Phospholipidfraktionen im plasma des Pferdes |
Series Editor |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0044-3565 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:5141052 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
133 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Weik, H.; Altmann, H.J. |
Title |
[Behavior of blood lipids during fasting in the horse] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zentralbl Veterinarmed A |
Volume |
18 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
131-138 |
Keywords |
Adipose Tissue/metabolism; Animals; Chromatography, Gas; Fasting/*veterinary; Fatty Acids/blood/metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood; Horses/*metabolism; Lipids/*blood |
Abstract |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Das Verhalten einiger Blutlipide wahrend des Hungerns beim Pferd |
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ISSN |
0514-7158 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:4995835 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
134 |
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Author |
Altmann, H.J.; Hertel, J.; Drepper, K. |
Title |
[Nutritional physiology of the horse. 3. Protein values in the gastrointestinal tract of slaughtered horses] |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd |
Volume |
26 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
245-252 |
Keywords |
Amino Acids/*analysis/biosynthesis; *Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Horses/*physiology; Intestines/analysis |
Abstract |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
German |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
Erhnahrungsphysiologische Untersuchungen beim Pferd. 3. Untersuchungen uber die Proteinwertigkeit im Magendarmtrakt von Schlachtpferen |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0044-3565 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:5519259 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
135 |
Permanent link to this record |