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Author | Ferenc S. | ||||
Title | Computer-ssisted analysis of the developing brain motor system and coordinated locomotion in the foal | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Corporate Author | Thesis | Ph.D. thesis | |||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5673 | ||
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Author | Gibbs, P.G.; Cohen, N.D. | ||||
Title | Early management of race-bred weanlings and yearlings on farms | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Journal of Equine Veterinary Science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Equine Vet. Sci. |
Volume | 21 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 279-283 |
Keywords | Equine, management, growth, nutrition, marketing | ||||
Abstract | A total of 58 Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse farms that managed 1,987 weanlings and yearlings responded to a survey designed to better characterize early management of racing prospects. Average age at weaning was 5.5 months and over half of all farms kept almost three-fourths of all weanlings to be placed in pre-race training. Variation in feeding practices was evident and while well over half of all farms provided balanced nutrient supply to young horses, 20% to 40% likely fed unbalanced diets. An obvious preference existed for semi-confinement in young horses with plenty of free exercise. The majority of farms reported that young prospects were fed and managed for a moderate rate of growth. Forced exercise occurred to a much larger extent with yearlings than weanlings and 40% of farms described the footing as soft, but not deep. Response to the prevalence of developmental orthopedic diseases appeared somewhat guarded, and average injury rate was low on farms that attributed much of injury to horses playing too hard. Technological advancements such as photoperiod manipulation in broodmares were widely used, while valuable tools such as body condition scoring were utilized to a lesser extent. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5758 | ||
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Author | Tebbich, S.; Taborsky, M.; Fessl, B.; Blomqvist, D. | ||||
Title | Do woodpecker finches acquire tool-use by social learning? | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. |
Volume | 268 | Issue | 1482 | Pages | 2189-2193 |
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Abstract | Tool–use is widespread among animals, but except in primates the development of this behaviour is poorly known. Here, we report on the first experimental study to our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the acquisition of tool–use in a bird species. The woodpecker finch Cactospiza pallida, endemic to the Galápagos Islands, is a famous textbook example of tool–use in animals. This species uses modified twigs or cactus spines to pry arthropods out of tree holes. Using nestlings and adult birds from the field, we tested experimentally whether woodpecker finches learn tool–use socially. We show that social learning is not essential for the development of tool–use: all juveniles developed tool–use regardless of whether or not they had a tool–using model. However, we found that not all adult woodpecker finches used tools in our experiments. These non–tool–using individuals also did not learn this task by observing tool–using conspecifics. Our results suggest that tool–use behaviour depends on a very specific learning disposition that involves trial–and–error learning during a sensitive phase early in ontogeny. | ||||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5914 | ||
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Author | Hau, J.; Andersson, E.; Carlsson, H.-E. | ||||
Title | Development and validation of a sensitive ELISA for quantification of secretory IgA in rat saliva and faeces | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Laboratory Animals | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 35 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 301-306 |
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Abstract | Non-invasive measures of immunological markers are an attractive means of stress assessment in laboratory animals. Salivary IgA has been used successfully as a stress marker in the human, and several reports indicate the potential of secretory IgA as a non-invasive measure of stress in animals. The present paper describes the development of an ELISA using commercially available components for the quantification of rat IgA and validation of this assay for the quantification of rat secretory IgA in saliva and faeces. The concentration of IgA in rat saliva varied significantly between duplicate samples obtained from individual rats, and the viscosity and small total volume of rat saliva gave unsatisfactory results for IgA. Faecal IgA was present in high concentrations, and duplicate samples varied by only 2-3%. However, faecal IgA seemed less stable than IgA in other biological compartments, and this finding must be taken into consideration when using quantitative measurements of IgA as a marker of mucous humoral immune status. | ||||
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Notes | 10.1258/0023677011911822 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5851 | ||
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Author | Munksgaard, L.; DePassillé, A.M.; Rushen, J.; Herskin, M.S.; Kristensen, A.M. | ||||
Title | Dairy cows' fear of people: social learning, milk yield and behaviour at milking | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume | 73 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 15-26 |
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Abstract | We examined the effects of the presence of an unfamiliar, a gentle or an aversive handler during milking on behaviour and milk yield, and whether cows can learn to approach or avoid a handler by observing the neighbouring cow?s responses. In Experiment 1, Danish Friesian cows (n=16) were treated gently (offering hay and concentrates) by one handler and aversively (hit every 15s on the head with the hand) by another handler for six periods of 2min each. The two handlers wore different coloured overalls, and each cow received either gentle or aversive treatment in the first week and the other treatment the following week. All cows kept a longer distance to the aversive than to the gentle handler in a 1min test after treatment. Milk yield and residual milk did not differ when the aversive or the gentle handler was standing in front of the cow during milking, although the cows moved their legs and tail less when the aversive handler was present. When an unfamiliar person was standing in front of the cows during milking, behaviour and milk yield did not differ from control milkings. Cows and heifers (n=10) that had observed their neighbours receiving gentle treatment by one handler and aversive treatment from another handler did not differ in the distance they kept from these two handlers. In Experiment 2, cows (n=15) that had observed the neighbours receiving a gentle treatment (eight times for 2min) kept a shorter distance to that handler after treatment of their neighbours, and the distance they kept was correlated with the distance kept by the neighbouring cows. This suggests that responses of observer cows may be affected by the responses of the cows being treated. The cows rapidly learned to avoid an aversive handler, but although the cows showed clear avoidance response to the aversive handler there was no effect on milk yield when the aversive handler was present at milking. | ||||
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Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | 0168-1591 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | doi: 10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00119-8 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6039 | ||
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Author | Wynne C. D. L. | ||||
Title | Animal Cognition: The Mental Lives of Animals | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Abstract | Covering a wide range of key topics, from reasoning and communication to sensation and complex problem-solving, this engagingly-written text presents a comprehensive survey of contemporary research on animal cognition. Written for anyone with an interest in animal cognition, but without a background in animal behaviour, it endeavours to explain what makes animals tick. With numerous illustrations and including exciting recent studies from many little-studied species (such as the weakly electric African fish), this text is ideal for psychology students who are interested in how much of our human cognition is shared by other species, for students of biology who want to know how complex animal behaviour can get, and for all those with an interest in the animal mind. |
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Publisher | Palgrave | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | ISBN | 9780333923955 | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6157 | ||
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Author | Marfin, A.A.; Petersen, L.R.; Eidson, M.; Miller, J.; Hadler, J.; Farello, C.; Werner, B.; Campbell, G.L.; Layton, M.; Smith, P.; Bresnitz, E.; Cartter, M.; Scaletta, J.; Obiri, G.; Bunning, M.; Craven, R.C.; Roehrig, J.T.; Julian, K.G.; Hinten, S.R.; Gubler, D.J. | ||||
Title | Widespread West Nile virus activity, eastern United States, 2000 | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Emerging Infectious Diseases | Abbreviated Journal | Emerg Infect Dis |
Volume | 7 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 730-735 |
Keywords | Animals; Bird Diseases/epidemiology/virology; Culicidae/virology; *Disease Outbreaks; Ecology; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/virology; Horses; Humans; Population Surveillance; Songbirds/virology; United States/epidemiology; West Nile Fever/*epidemiology/veterinary/virology; *West Nile virus | ||||
Abstract | In 1999, the U.S. West Nile (WN) virus epidemic was preceded by widespread reports of avian deaths. In 2000, ArboNET, a cooperative WN virus surveillance system, was implemented to monitor the sentinel epizootic that precedes human infection. This report summarizes 2000 surveillance data, documents widespread virus activity in 2000, and demonstrates the utility of monitoring virus activity in animals to identify human risk for infection. | ||||
Address | Division of Vector-Borne Infections Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, P.O. Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA. aam@cdc.gov | ||||
Corporate Author | ArboNET Cooperative Surveillance Group | Thesis | |||
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Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 1080-6040 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | PMID:11585539 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2646 | ||
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Author | Fleurance,Géraldine; Duncan ,Patrick; Mallevaud, Bruno | ||||
Title | Daily intake and the selection of feeding sites by horses in heterogeneous wet grasslands | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Res. | |
Volume | 50 | Issue | Pages | 149-156 | |
Keywords | horse / intake / grassland / heterogeneity / wetland cheval / ingestion / prairie / hétérogénéité / zone humide | ||||
Abstract | In spite of the importance of grazed forage in horse nutrition, little information is available on their daily intake at pasture. We determined the intake of 4 non-breeding mares of a heavy breed (average body weight = 674 kg), grazing during the summer in heterogeneous natural grasslands of the Marais Poitevin (France), an internationally important wetland where grazing is an essential process which maintains biodiversity. The mares ate large quantities of forage (21.9 $pm$ 2.4 kg of organic matter per day, i.e. 166.2 $pm$ 20.8 g of organic matter per kg LW0.75 per day) in comparison with previous published values and with the estimated requirements of these horses. The use of the vegetation was very selective, the mares spent about 70% of their feeding time on short grass lawns (sward surface $leq$ 4 cm, biomass < 100 g$cdot$m-2), that represented only 10% of the area. This behaviour maintained the plants at young growing stages which are of better quality than ungrazed plants. These results are discussed in relation to the dynamics of the plant communities. | ||||
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Corporate Author | horse / intake / grassland / heterogeneity / wetland | Thesis | |||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4238 | ||
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