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| Author | Boughner, R.L.; Papini, M.R. | ||||
| Title | Appetitive latent inhibition in rats: preexposure performance does not predict conditioned performance | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 72 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 42-51 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Association Learning; *Conditioning, Classical; *Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Individuality; *Inhibition (Psychology); Male; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; *Reaction Time | ||||
| Abstract | Nonreinforced preexposure to a conditioned stimulus impairs subsequent conditioning with that stimulus. The goal of these studies was to assess the extent to which acquisition performance could be predicted from preexposure performance using a correlational approach. For both preexposure and autoshaping, four measures of performance were computed, including overall average lever pressing, lever pressing in the initial session, percentage change in lever pressing, and slopes. These measures were correlated in a large sample of rats trained in an autoshaping situation. None of the three measures of autoshaping performance was consistently predicted by any of the three measures of preexposure performance. These results are consistent with the view that latent inhibition is not reducible to long-term habituation. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, TX 76129, United States | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16406375 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number  |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4147 | ||
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| Author | Dow, M.; Ewing, A.W.; Sutherland, I. | ||||
| Title | Studies on the behaviour of cyprinodont fish. III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1976 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 59 | Issue | 3-4 | Pages | 252-268 |
| Keywords | *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Dominance-Subordination; *Fishes; Humans; Individuality; *Killifishes; Male; Time Factors | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0005-7959 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:1035107 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4151 | ||
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| Author | Bergmann, H.H.; Klaus, S.; Muller, F.; Wiesner, J. | ||||
| Title | [Individuality and type specificity in the songs of a population of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae)] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1975 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 55 | Issue | 1-2 | Pages | 94-114 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Birds; Female; *Individuality; Male; Time Factors; *Vocalization, Animal | ||||
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| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | Individualitat und Artspezifitat in den Gesangsstrophen einer Population des Haselhuhns (Bonasa bonasia bonasia L., Tetraoninae, Phasianidae) | |
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0005-7959 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:1191217 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4152 | ||
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| Author | Reimers, M.; Schwarzenberger, F.; Preuschoft, S. | ||||
| Title | Rehabilitation of research chimpanzees: stress and coping after long-term isolation | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Hormones and Behavior | Abbreviated Journal | Horm Behav |
| Volume | 51 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 428-435 |
| Keywords | Adaptation, Psychological/*physiology; Animals; *Animals, Laboratory; Exploratory Behavior; Hydrocortisone/analysis/metabolism; Male; Models, Biological; *Pan troglodytes; Social Dominance; Social Environment; *Social Isolation/psychology; Stress/*rehabilitation/veterinary; Time | ||||
| Abstract | We report on the permanent retirement of chimpanzees from biomedical research and on resocialization after long-term social isolation. Our aim was to investigate to what extent behavioral and endocrine measures of stress in deprived laboratory chimpanzees can be improved by a more species-typical social life style. Personality in terms of novelty responses, social dominance after resocialization and hormonal stress susceptibility were affected by the onset of maternal separation of infant chimpanzees and duration of deprivation. Chimpanzees, who were separated from their mothers at a younger age and kept in isolation for more years appeared to be more timid personalities, less socially active, less dominant and more susceptible to stress, as compared to chimpanzees with a less severe deprivation history. However, permanent retirement from biomedical research in combination with therapeutic resocialization maximizing chimpanzees' situation control resulted in reduced fecal cortisol metabolite levels. Our results indicate that chimpanzees can recover from severe social deprivation, and may experience resocialization as less stressful than solitary housing. | ||||
| Address | Department of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinarplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria. reimers@wild-vet.at | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0018-506X | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17292368 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4188 | ||
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| Author | Steiner, M. | ||||
| Title | Biomechanics of tendon healing | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of Biomechanics | Abbreviated Journal | J Biomech |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 951-958 |
| Keywords | Achilles Tendon/injuries; Animals; Biomechanics; Rats; Tendon Injuries/pathology/*physiopathology; Tensile Strength; Time Factors; *Wound Healing | ||||
| Abstract | The biomechanics of tendon healing was investigated with unsutured rat achilles tendons. After two, three, and four weeks of healing tensile parameters were assayed with a bone-muscle-tendon-bone preparation elongated to failure at a controlled physiological strain rate. In the third week of healing, stiffness, strength, and energy absorbing capacity all increased approximately 50%. These changes correlated with early fibroplasia. In the fourth week of healing, strength, energy absorbing capacity and elongation to failure all increased relatively more than stiffness. Histologically, larger fibers with better longitudinal alignment developed during this period. At the end of four weeks the tendon's strength was approximately 25% of normal. To summarize, the return of stiffness in a healing tendon preparation correlated with the presence of fibroplasia and the return of other tensile parameters was a function of the amount and organization of the fibroplasia. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-9290 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7166555 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4448 | ||
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| Author | Benhajali, H.; Richard-Yris, M. -A.; Leroux, M.; Ezzaouia, M.; Charfi, F.; Hausberger, M. | ||||
| Title | A note on the time budget and social behaviour of densely housed horses: A case study in Arab breeding mares | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume | 112 | Issue | 1-2 | Pages | 196-200 |
| Keywords | Behavioural repertoire; Time budget; Mare; Social behaviour; Density | ||||
| Abstract | We observed a high-density herd (200 mares/ha) of 44 Arab breeding mares, while in a bare paddock in Tunisia. Twenty-minute animal focal samples and scan sampling were used to determine the time budget of the mares during the period from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. and study their social behaviour. The data obtained reveal restricted behavioural repertoires with missing behaviour like rolling, allogrooming and lying down; unusual time budgets with a high frequency of locomotion that constitutes the most frequent activity (27.9 ± 19.47%) of the mares. Social interactions were restricted to agonistic interactions but despite the high stocking density, aggressions were not that frequent among mares. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0168-1591 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4774 | ||
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| Author | Rands, S.A.; Cowlishaw, G.; Pettifor, R.A.; Rowcliffe, J.M.; Johnstone, R.A. | ||||
| Title | Spontaneous emergence of leaders and followers in foraging pairs | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Nature | Abbreviated Journal | Nature |
| Volume | 423 | Issue | 6938 | Pages | 432-434 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Energy Metabolism; Food; *Food Chain; *Models, Biological; Motor Activity; *Social Behavior; Time Factors | ||||
| Abstract | Animals that forage socially often stand to gain from coordination of their behaviour. Yet it is not known how group members reach a consensus on the timing of foraging bouts. Here we demonstrate a simple process by which this may occur. We develop a state-dependent, dynamic game model of foraging by a pair of animals, in which each individual chooses between resting or foraging during a series of consecutive periods, so as to maximize its own individual chances of survival. We find that, if there is an advantage to foraging together, the equilibrium behaviour of both individuals becomes highly synchronized. As a result of this synchronization, differences in the energetic reserves of the two players spontaneously develop, leading them to adopt different behavioural roles. The individual with lower reserves emerges as the 'pace-maker' who determines when the pair should forage, providing a straightforward resolution to the problem of group coordination. Moreover, the strategy that gives rise to this behaviour can be implemented by a simple 'rule of thumb' that requires no detailed knowledge of the state of other individuals. | ||||
| Address | Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. s.rands@zoo.cam.ac.uk | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0028-0836 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:12761547 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5138 | ||
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| Author | Romano, N.; Vitale, F.; Alesi, D.R.; Bonura, F.; La Licata, R.; Intonazzo, V.; Dardanoni, G.; Mammina, C. | ||||
| Title | The changing pattern of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in intravenous drug users. Results of a six-year seroprevalence study in Palermo, Italy | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | American Journal of Epidemiology | Abbreviated Journal | Am J Epidemiol |
| Volume | 135 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 1189-1196 |
| Keywords | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*epidemiology; Adolescent; Adult; Chi-Square Distribution; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV Antibodies/blood; HIV Infections/*epidemiology; HIV Seroprevalence/*trends; *Hiv-1; Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood; Heroin; Humans; Incidence; Italy/epidemiology; Logistic Models; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/*epidemiology; Time Factors | ||||
| Abstract | A cross-sectional seroepidemiologic study was carried out between 1985 and 1990 in 1,567 heterosexual intravenous drug users who had been seen at the AIDS Regional Reference Center in Palermo, Italy, to evaluate the rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroprevalence in this group and its long-term trend. Sixty serum samples collected from drug users in 1980 and 1983, before the founding of the Center (1985), were tested as well. Some demographic and behavioral risk factors were studied in a subgroup of intravenous drug users enrolled in 1985, 1987, and 1990 for their possible association with HIV-1. These factors were also studied in relation to hepatitis B virus infection, since both viruses share the same modes of spread. These drug users had a higher prevalence of markers for hepatitis B virus than of HIV-1 antibodies, and the prevalence rates in sera collected declined over time for both infections. The presence of both antibodies to HIV-1 and markers for hepatitis B virus was independently associated with the age of the drug user, the duration of drug use, and the year of serum collection. Antibodies to HIV-1 were observed more frequently in females than in males. No relation was found between education or employment status and the presence of HIV-1 antibodies or hepatitis B virus markers. Although new HIV-1 infections still occur, the decline in seroprevalence observed at the end of the 1980s might be related to modifications in social behavior among newer drug users, partial exhaustion of the susceptible population, and increasing risk awareness in more experienced users. | ||||
| Address | Giuseppe D'Alessandro Department of Hygiene and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0002-9262 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:1626537 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5258 | ||
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| Author | Seyfarth, R.M. | ||||
| Title | A model of social grooming among adult female monkeys | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Journal of Theoretical Biology | Abbreviated Journal | J. Theor. Biol. |
| Volume | 65 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 671-698 |
| Keywords | Animals; Behavior, Animal; Female; *Grooming; Haplorhini/*physiology; *Models, Biological; Reproduction; Social Dominance; Time Factors | ||||
| Abstract | Grooming networks among adult female monkeys exhibit two similar features across a number of different species. High-ranking animals receive more grooming than others, and the majority of grooming occurs between females of adjacent rank. A theoretical model which duplicates these features is presented, and the properties of the model are used to explain the possible causation and function of female grooming behaviour. The model illustrates how relatively simple principles governing the behaviour of individuals may be used to explain more complex aspects of the social structure of non-human primate groups. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0022-5193 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:406485 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5259 | ||
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| Author | Benz, B.; Köhnke, J.; Kappelmann, K. | ||||
| Title | Bewertung einer Faltschieberanlage in einem Reitstall mit Paddockboxen[Assessment of a v-form scraper in a horse barn with paddock boxes] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Landtechnik, Agricultural Engineering, | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 68 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 242-247 |
| Keywords | Entmistungstechnik, Arbeitswirtschaft, Pferdeverhalten [Manure removal systems, working time requirement, horse behaviour] | ||||
| Abstract | In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden in einem Praxisbetrieb die Verfahrenskosten eines Faltschiebers erhoben. Aufgrund des reduzierten Arbeitszeitaufwandes ergibt sich durch den Einsatz des Faltschiebers eine jährliche Kostenersparnis in Höhe von 78 € je Pferd. Durch die Mechanisierung der Entmistung kann fast 30 % der Arbeitszeit in der Pensionspferdehaltung eingespart werden. Beim Einsatz einer Entmistungstechnik spielt jedoch nicht nur die Ökonomie, sondern darüber hinaus auch das Pferdeverhalten eine Rolle. Im selben Praxisbetrieb wird nach Installation der Faltschieberanlage das Pferdeverhalten beim Erstkontakt mit dem Schieber beobachtet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Pferde den direkten Kontakt mit der Entmistungstechnik und somit kritische Situationen vermeiden. [In the survey at hand, the procedural costs for a v-form scraper are gathered. In the process, it is found that due to the reduced working time requirement the use of a v-form scraper saves € 78/horse/year. The mechanization of manure removal can reduce working time in horse keeping by almost 30 percent. However, using manure removal systems, the profitability is not the only crucial criteria. The behaviour of the horses plays an essential role, too. Moreover the horses’ behaviour when first encountering the manure scraper is observed. The study reveals that the horses avoid contact with the scraper and thereby also shirk critical situations.] |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5841 | ||
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