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Gholib, G.; Heistermann, M.; Agil, M.; Supriatna, I.; Purwantara, B.; Nugraha, T.P.; Engelhardt, A. |
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Comparison of fecal preservation and extraction methods for steroid hormone metabolite analysis in wild crested macaques |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Primates |
Abbreviated Journal |
Primates |
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59 |
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3 |
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281-292 |
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Since the non-invasive field endocrinology techniques were developed, several fecal preservation and extraction methods have been established for a variety of species. However, direct adaptation of methods from previous studies for use in crested macaques should be taken with caution. We conducted an experiment to assess the accuracy and stability of fecal estrogen metabolite (E1C) and glucocorticoid metabolite (GCM) concentrations in response to several preservation parameters: (1) time lag between sample collection and fecal preservation; (2) long-term storage of fecal samples in 80% methanol (MeOH) at ambient temperature; (3) different degrees of feces drying temperature using a conventional oven; and (4) different fecal preservation techniques (i.e., freeze-drying, oven-drying, and field-friendly extraction method) and extraction solvents (methanol, ethanol, and commercial alcohol). The study used fecal samples collected from crested macaques (Macaca nigra) living in the Tangkoko Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Samples were assayed using validated E1C and GCM enzyme immunoassays. Concentrations of E1C and GCM in unprocessed feces stored at ambient temperature remained stable for up to 8 h of storage after which concentrations of both E1C and GCM changed significantly compared to controls extracted at time 0. Long-term storage in 80% MeOH at ambient temperature affected hormone concentrations significantly with concentrations of both E1C and GCM increasing after 6 and 4 months of storage, respectively. Drying fecal samples using a conventional oven at 50, 70, and 90 °C did not affect the E1C concentrations, but led to a significant decline for GCM concentrations in samples dried at 90 °C. Different fecal preservation techniques and extraction solvents provided similar results for both E1C and GCM concentrations. Our results confirm previous studies that prior to application of fecal hormone analysis in a new species, several preservation parameters should be evaluated for their effects on hormone metabolite stability. The results also provide several options for fecal preservation, extraction, and storage methods that can be selected depending on the condition of the field site and laboratory. |
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1610-7365 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Gholib2018 |
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6521 |
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Giljov, A.; Malashichev, Y.; Karenina, K. |
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Title |
What do wild saiga antelopes tell us about the relative roles of the two brain hemispheres in social interactions? |
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2019 |
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Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Two brain hemispheres are unequally involved in the processing of social stimuli, as demonstrated in a wide range of vertebrates. A considerable number of studies have shown the right hemisphere advantage for social processing. At the same time, an approach-withdrawal hypothesis, mainly based on experimental evidence, proposes the involvement of both brain hemispheres according to approach and withdrawal motivation. The present study aimed to test the relative roles of the two hemispheres in social responses displayed in a natural context. Visual biases, implicating hemispheric lateralization, were estimated in the social interactions of saiga antelope in the wild. In individually identified males, the left/right visual field use during approach and withdrawal responses was recorded based on the lateral head/body position, relative to the conspecific. Lateralized approach responses were investigated in three types of interactions, with left visual field bias found for chasing a rival, no bias--for attacking a rival, and right visual field bias--for pursuing a female. In two types of withdrawal responses, left visual field bias was found for retreating after fighting, while no bias was evident in fight rejecting. These findings demonstrate that neither the right hemisphere advantage nor the approach-withdrawal distinction can fully explain the patterns of lateralization observed in social behaviour. It is clear that both brain hemispheres play significant roles in social responses, while their relative contribution is likely determined by a complex set of motivational and emotional factors rather than a simple dichotomous distinction such as, for example, approach versus withdrawal motivation. |
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1435-9456 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Giljov2019 |
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6569 |
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Goetsch, A.L.; Gipson, T.A.; Askar, A.R.; Puchala, R. |
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Feeding behavior of goats |
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2010 |
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J Anim Sci |
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88 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Goetsch2010 |
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6254 |
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Griffin, A.S.; Tebbich, S.; Bugnyar, T. |
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Title |
Animal cognition in a human-dominated world |
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2017 |
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Animal Cognition |
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Anim. Cogn. |
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20 |
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1 |
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1-6 |
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In the USA, each year, up to one billion birds are estimated to die from colliding with windowpanes (Sabo et al. 2016). A further 573,000 are struck down by wind turbines, along with 888,000 bats (Smallwood 2013). Worldwide, unintended capture in fishing devices is recognized as the single most serious global threat to migratory, long-lived marine taxa including turtles, birds, mammals and sharks (Wallace et al. 2013). Estimates put the number of amphibians killed per year on Australian roads at 5 million (Seiler 2003). The likelihood of a green turtle erroneously ingesting plastic debris, often by mistaking them for food, rose from 30% in 1985 to almost 50% in 2012 (Schuyler et al. 2013). Human-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC, sensu Sih et al. 2011) is filling animals’ environments with new threats which bear little or excessive similarity to those they have encountered in their evolutionary history (Dwernychuk and Boag 1972; Patten and Kelley 2010; Witherington 1997). As a consequence, many of the stimuli involved fall outside the adaptive processing space of animals’ evolutionary perceptual, learning, memory and decision-making systems, making individuals particularly vulnerable to their impact. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Griffin2017 |
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6129 |
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Hare, B.; Rosati, A.; Kaminski, J.; Bräuer, J.; Call, J.; Tomasello, M. |
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The domestication hypothesis for dogs' skills with human communication: a response to Udell et al. (2008) and Wynne et al. (2008) |
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2010 |
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Anim Behav |
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79 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Hare2010 |
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6241 |
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Harrington, F.H.; Mech, L.D. |
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Wolf howling and its role in territory maintenance |
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1979 |
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Behaviour |
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68 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harrington1979 |
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6455 |
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Harrington, F.H.; Mech, L.D. |
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An analysis of howling response parameters useful for wolf pack censusing |
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1982 |
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J Wildl Manag |
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46 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harrington1982 |
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6456 |
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Harrington, F.H. |
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Aggressive howling in wolves |
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1987 |
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Anim Behav |
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35 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harrington1987 |
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6457 |
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Harrington, F.H. |
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Chorus howling by wolves: Acoustic structures, pack size and Beau Geste effect |
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1989 |
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Bioacoustics |
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2 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harrington1989 |
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6463 |
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Harris, F. |
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On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with the Discrete Fourier Transform |
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1978 |
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Proc IEEE |
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66 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harris1978 |
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6486 |
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